Phytoremediation

About: Phytoremediation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8302 publications have been published within this topic receiving 246842 citations.

The effect of Ni on concentration of the most abundant essential cations in several Brassica species.

Abstract: Some plants from the genus Brassica have the ability to tolerate excessive concentrations of heavy metals, including Ni. Considering the fact that Ni is a very toxic element for living beings we wanted to examine its influence on some species from genus Brassicaceae. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ni on distribution and accumulation of essential macronutrients from the standpoint of food quality and phytoremediation potential. Experiments were performed using winter (W) and spring (S) varieties of rapeseed (Brassica napus, L.), white mustard (Brassica alba, L.), black mustard (Brassica nigra, L.) and turnip (Brassica rapa, L.). The seeds were exposed to 10 μM Ni from the beginning of germination. Plants were grown in water cultures, in semi-controlled conditions of a greenhouse, on ½ strength Hoagland solution to which was added Ni in the same concentration as during germination. Concentrations and distribution of Ca, Mg, K in leaf and stem were altered in the presence of increased concentration of Ni. Significant differences were found between the control and Ni-treated plants as well as among the genotypes. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 31036 i br. TR 31016]

Removal of salts by Atriplex nummularia depending on soil moisture

Abstract: The degradation of soils by the salinity and sodicity has been an important subject in the handling and use of soils, and its reclamation contributes with the improvement of the productivity and sustainability of the environments Studying the phytoremediation of salt- affected soils with Atriplex nummularia , this study aims to determine the extraction of salts by plants grown in saline-sodic soil under conditions of water stress The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 134 days cultivating Atriplex nummularia in pots containing 20 kg of saline-sodic soil at four moisture levels (35, 55, 75 and 95% of field capacity) , designed on blocks with eight replications, collecting plant and dividing it into leaf, stem and roots to determine the extraction of salts The values of extraction of sodium by leaves + stem were 25163, 27784, 394,92 and 440,36 kg/ha 134 days -1 to 35, 55, 75 and 95% of FC respectively Removal of Ca, Mg, Na, K and Cl by leaf + stem were 64425, 75781, 105855 and 118200 kg/ha at 35; 55; 75 and 95% of field capacity, making it an alternative for the phytoremediation of salt-affected soils in the semi-arid region of Brazil

Mechanisms of the removal and remediation of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil with mixed cropping of alfalfa and rape.

Abstract: 【Objective】 To evaluate the potential of multispecies rhizoremediation in decontaminating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil and its impacts on plant accumulations of PAHs. 【Method】 Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanisms of the removal and remediation efficiencies of PAHs under different planting models using two plant species, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and rape (Brassica campestris L.) in a greenhouse. 【Result】 Results showed that multispecies rhizoremediation rather than monoculture have the evident potential to enhance pollutants removal in soils with initial phenanthrene concentrations of 20.05-322.06 mg·kg-1 and pyrene of 20.24-321.42 mg·kg-1. At the end of the 70 d experiment, the extractable PAHs in soils with mixed cropping of alfalfa and rape were lower than that in monoculture. About 65.17%-83.52% of phenanthrene and 60.09%-75.34% of pyrene were removed from the soils in mixed cropping, respectively. As compared to monoculture with rape, mixed cropping removed in 43.26% of phenanthrene and 40.38% of pyrene from soils in average and relative to monoculture with alfalfa, 11.03% of phenanthrene and 16.29% of pyrene was removed. Alfalfa or rape did take up PAHs from the soils obviously; the concentrations of PAHs in root or shoot monotonically increased while ones in the soils were higher, and under the same treatment conditions, the concentrations of PAHs in root or shoot were lower in mixed cropping than that in monoculture, and in the shoot lower than in the root. Despite the presence of vegetation evidently enhanced the remediation of PAHs in soil environment, contributions of abiotic loss, plant accumulation and degradation was much lower than ones of microbial degradation and plant-microbial interactions in the process of phytoremediation. Thus plant-microbial interactions are the main mechanisms for the remediation enhancement of soil PAHs pollution under mixed cropping models. 【Conclusion】 Results from this study suggested a feasibility of the establishment of multispecies phytoremediation to improve the efficiency of bioaugmentation in decontaminatingPAHs contaminated soils, decreasing crop accumulations to PAHs and reducing risks associated with PAHs.

Potential of indigenous microbes as helping agents for

Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of heavy metal tolerant soil microbes inoculation on growth and metal uptake of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), couch grass (Triticum repens) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in a soil spiked (and subsequently aged) with increasing concentrations of Pb. A soil sample (soil 1) was spiked with increasing (0 to 1500 mg/kg) concentrations of Pb and incubated for a seven months period. Another soil sample with a historical background of metal contamination (soil 2), having heavy metals-resistant microbial communities, also was taken and used as inocula. The plants were grown in pots containing contaminated soils. At the end of growth period, plants shoots were harvested, washed, oven-dried, ground and analyzed for Pb. The results showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in plants yield by increasing soil Pb concentration and inoculation of stress-adapted microbes further increased this reduction. This could be attributed to the increased access of plants to the relatively immobile Pb existed in the studied calcareous soil as well as to more metal contaminant absorption caused by soil microbial activity. In general, introduction of the microbes also resulted in lower Pb uptake by the studied plants

Phytoremediation Potential of Free Floating Macrophytes - A Review

Abstract: Water bodies are the main targets for disposing the pollutants directly or indirectly and are again at the receiving end as the storm water, residential and commercial waste is disposed into it. The prevailing conventional purification technologies such as waste water treatment plants, drinking water purification plants used to remove these contaminants are too costly and sometimes non -eco friendly also. Therefore, the research is oriented towards low cost and eco friendly technologies for water purification, whi ch will be beneficial for community. The present review highlights the phytoaccumulation potential of free floating macrophytes with emphasis on utilization of Azolla spp., Lemna spp. and phytoremediation. We find that these species have ideal for phytoremediation: they have fast growth and high bioaccumulation capacity, ability to transform or contaminants, ability to regulate chemical speciation, resilient to extreme contaminant concentr ation and can be applied on multiple pollutants simultaneously .