Piezoelectric sensor

About: Piezoelectric sensor is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7127 publications have been published within this topic receiving 115903 citations.

A review of development and implementation of an active nonlinear vibration absorber

Abstract: We present an account of an implementation of an active nonlinear vibration absorber that we have developed. The control technique exploits the saturation phenomenon that is known to occur in quadratically-coupled multi-degree-of-freedom systems subjected to primary excitation and possessing a two-to-one internal resonance. The technique is based on introducing an absorber and coupling it with the structure through a sensor and an actuator, where the feedback and control signals are quadratic. First, we consider the case of controlling the vibrations of a single-degree-of-freedom system. We develop the equations governing the response of the closed-loop system and use the method of multiple scales to obtain an approximate solution. We investigate the performance of the control strategy by studying its steady-state and transient characteristics. Additionally, we compare the performance of the quadratic absorber with that of a linear absorber. Then, we present theoretical and experimental results that demonstrate the versatility of the technique. We design an electronic circuit to emulate the absorber and use a variety of sensors and actuators to implement the active control strategy. First, we use a motor and a potentiometer to control the vibration of a rigid beam. We develop a plant model that includes Coulomb friction and demonstrate that the closed-loop system exhibits the saturation phenomenon. Second, we extend the strategy to multi-degree-of-freedom systems. We use PZT ceramics and strain gages to suppress vibrations of flexible steel beams when subjected to single- and simultaneous two-mode excitations. Third, we employ Terfenol-D, a nonlinear actuator, and accelerometers to control the vibrations of flexible beams. In all instances, the technique is successful in reducing the response amplitude of the structures.

Nonlinear actuation of smart composites using a coupled piezoelectric-mechanical model

Abstract: A completely coupled piezoelectric-mechanical theory which includes nonlinear piezoelectric effects has been developed for composite plates with embedded or surface bonded actuators and sensors. A higher-order laminate theory is used to describe the displacement field in order to accurately capture the effects of transverse shear in moderately thick laminates. The coupling between the piezoelectric effect and the mechanical response allows for the mutual influence of multiple actuators and the transformation of energy between the electrical and the mechanical fields. A new fourth-order distribution of electric potential is used to develop an electrical model that is completely compatible with the assumed higher-order strain field. The behavior of actuators subjected to large electric fields is captured using the nonlinear piezoelectric-mechanical coupling terms. The resulting model shows good correlation with available experimental data.

Electrode Pattern Design of Piezoelectric Sensors and Actuators Using Genetic Algorithms

Abstract: A distributed piezoelectric sensor and actuator have been designed for the efficient vibration control of a plate. Optimization of the electrode pattern of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film has been performed to realize the concept of modal transducer for a two-dimensional structure. The finite element method is used to model the structure that includes the PVDF sensor and actuator. Various lamination angles of transducers are taken into consideration to utilize the anisotropy of the PVDF film, The electrode pattern over the entire surface of the plate is determined by deciding on or off of each electrode segment. The actuator design is based on the criterion of minimizing the system energy in the control modes under a given initial condition. The sensor is designed to minimize the observation spillover, Modal control forces for the residual (uncontrolled) modes have been minimized during the sensor design. A genetic algorithm, which is suitable for this kind of discrete problem, has been utilized for optimization. A discrete linear quadratic Gaussian control law has been applied to the integrated structure for real-time vibration control. The performance of the sensor, the actuator, and the integrated smart structure has been demonstrated by experiments.

Development of a piezoelectric multi-axis stage based on stick-and-clamping actuation technology

Abstract: This paper presents the design, analysis and fabrication of a piezoelectric multi-axis stage based on a new stick-and-clamping actuation technology for miniaturized machine tool systems, referred to as meso-scale machine tool (mMT) systems. In the stick-and-clamping actuation system, shearing/expanding piezoelectric actuators, an inertial mass and an advanced preload system are configured innovatively to generate the motion of an inertial mass. There are two operating modes in the stick-and-clamping actuation technology: (1) stick mode and (2) clamp mode. In stick mode, the 'slow' deformation of the shearing piezoelectric actuators drives an inertial mass, which is located on the tips of the shearing piezoelectric actuators, by means of the friction force at their contact interface. On the other hand, in clamp mode, the expanding piezoelectric actuators provide the clamping force to an inertial mass when the rapid backward deformation of the shearing piezoelectric actuators occurs. The stick-and-clamping actuation technology also enables two-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) motion of an inertial mass in a single plane by perpendicularly stacking two shearing piezoelectric actuators. The 2-DOF piezoelectric multi-axis stage is developed on the basis of the stick-and-clamping actuation technology, and the dynamic and static performance analyses are conducted. The LuGre friction model for the contact interfaces is introduced, and their dynamic behaviours are characterized. In the open-loop static performance test, linear, diagonal and circular motions of the developed piezoelectric multi-axis stage are generated, and their performances are evaluated. The dynamic characteristics and static performances of the developed 2-DOF piezoelectric multi-axis stage show its applicability and effectiveness for the precision positioning system.