Topic
Pinealocyte
About: Pinealocyte is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1605 publications have been published within this topic receiving 55609 citations.
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TL;DR: The neuropathological findings show that pinealocytes and, to a lesser extent, SCN-related neurons are affected by DPR pathology, which may reflect an involvement of these cells in sleep/wake disturbances observed in ALS and/or FTLD-TDP patients.
Abstract: Motor-, behavior- and/or cognition-related symptoms are key hallmarks in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP), respectively. It has been reported that these patients also experience sleep disturbances, which might implicate a disturbed circadian rhythm of the sleep/wake cycle. It remains unknown, however, whether cells involved in the circadian sleep/wake cycle are affected by ALS- and FTLD-related neuropathological changes including phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43) aggregates and dipeptide repeat protein (DPR) inclusions resulting from the C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion. Immunohistochemistry for DPR and pTDP-43 pathology was performed in post-mortem hypothalamus and pineal gland tissue of patients with ALS and/or FTLD-TDP with and without the C9orf72 repeat expansion and healthy controls. Circadian sleep/wake-associated cells, including pinealocytes and hypothalamic neurons related to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), were microscopically assessed. We observed numerous DPR inclusions (poly(GA), poly(GP), poly(GR) and poly(PR)) in the pinealocytes and few poly(GA) inclusions in the SCN-related neurons in C9orf72-related ALS and/or FTLD-TDP cases. These circadian sleep/wake-associated cells, however, were devoid of pTDP-43 pathology both in C9orf72- and nonC9orf72-related ALS and/or FTLD-TDP cases. Our neuropathological findings show that pinealocytes and, to a lesser extent, SCN-related neurons are affected by DPR pathology. This may reflect an involvement of these cells in sleep/wake disturbances observed in ALS and/or FTLD-TDP patients.
24 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that cGMP is involved as a second messenger in the regulation of synaptic ribbon numbers in the rat pineal gland.
24 citations
TL;DR: The results demonstrate, for the first time, the ability of the goose pineal gland and retina to synthesise melatonin and 5-methoxytryptophol in a rhythmic manner.
24 citations
TL;DR: Findings strengthen the view that the avian pineal organ has not lost its photoreceptive capacity and may establish synaptic contacts to intrapineal neurons via complex neuropil formations.
Abstract: The pineal organs of the adult domestic mallard, fowl and pigeon were investigated by means of neurohistological techniques and electron microscopy. The application of opsin immunocytochemistry to the pineal organ of the domestic mallard reveals antigenic sites in the outer segments of the pinealocytes. Avian pinealocytes may establish synaptic contacts to intrapineal neurons via complex neuropil formations. Bundles of nerve fibers resembling the pineal tract of poikilothermic vertebrates were found in the pineal stalk. These findings strengthen the view that the avian pineal organ has not lost its photoreceptive capacity.
24 citations
TL;DR: An immunohistochemical analysis of the cellular localization of AMPA-type glutamate receptor subunits in the pineal gland of the macaque showed that this subunit is present in interstitial cells and astrocyte-like cells located in the parenchyma of the distal part of the gland.
Abstract: A role for glutamate in signalling mechanisms in the mammalian pineal gland is suggested by the high concentration of the transmitter in pinealocytes and the expression of glutamate receptor subunits
24 citations