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Pipe flow

About: Pipe flow is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13826 publications have been published within this topic receiving 351605 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the flow of a third-grade fluid in a pipe with heat transfer and presented approximate analytical solutions for each case using perturbations, which were compared with the finite difference solutions given in Massoudi and Christie (Int. Non-Linear Mech. 30 (1995) 687-699) and within admissible parameter range, a close match was achieved.
Abstract: The flow of a third-grade fluid in a pipe with heat transfer is considered. Constant viscosity, Reynold's model viscosity and Vogel's model viscosity cases are treated separately. Approximate analytical solutions are presented for each case using perturbations. The criteria for which the solutions are valid are determined for the dimensionless parameters involved. The analytical solutions are contrasted with the finite difference solutions given in Massoudi and Christie (Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. 30 (1995) 687–699) and within admissible parameter range, a close match is achieved.

90 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare measured, modelled, and simulated mean velocity profiles for both incompressible and compressible fluids and find that the compressible simulations align most closely with the measurements.

90 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, analytical and experimental results that compare the laminar flow dynamics through microchannels with superhydrophobic walls featuring ribs and cavities oriented both parallel and transverse to the direction of flow under both wetting and non-wetting conditions are presented.
Abstract: Recent developments in superhydrophobic surfaces have enabled significant reduction in the frictional drag for liquid flow through microchannels. There is an apparent risk when using such surfaces, however, that under some conditions the liquid meniscus may destabilize and, consequently, the liquid will wet the entire patterned surface. This paper presents analytical and experimental results that compare the laminar flow dynamics through microchannels with superhydrophobic walls featuring ribs and cavities oriented both parallel and transverse to the direction of flow under both wetting and non-wetting conditions. The results show the reduction in the total frictional resistance is much greater in channels when the liquid phase does not enter the cavity regions. Further, it is demonstrated that the wetting and non-wetting cavity results represent limiting cases between which the experimental data lie. Generalized expressions enabling prediction of the classical friction factor-Reynolds number product as a function of the relevant governing dimensionless parameters are also presented for both the superhydrophobic and wetting states. Experimental results are presented for a range of parameters in the laminar flow regime.

90 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation of the self-induced liquid convection for an evaporating meniscus in small capillary tubes was performed using a micro-particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique with a vector spatial resolution of 640 nm.
Abstract: The present paper reports an experimental investigation of the self-induced liquid convection for an evaporating meniscus in small capillary tubes. The strong evaporative cooling at the triple contact line leads to a variation in temperature along the liquid–vapor interface, which generates a gradient of surface tension that in turn drives the observed convection. Ethanol and methanol in three tube sizes (600, 900, and 1630 μm) were investigated in this study. The flow pattern in the liquid phase has been characterized using a micro–particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique with a vector spatial resolution of 640 nm. Thermocapillary Marangoni convection is observed in horizontal diametrical sections of the horizontally oriented capillary tubes as two contrarotating vortices of similar strength, whereas in vertical diametrical sections a single clockwise vortex is mostly present. This distortion of the flow pattern could be attributed to gravity. The distortion and loss of symmetry in the vertical section is found to exhibit an oscillatory behavior. The convection (represented by the vorticity) is found to be stronger for more volatile liquids and smaller tube sizes. The vorticity normalized with the convective time scale is found to be higher for the less volatile liquid and to increase with the tube radius. Therefore, a further correction of the normalized vorticity using a dimensionless liquid saturated vapor pressure leads to a parameter that is found independent of the tube size and the liquid properties, suggesting that the phenomena described here are universal and dictated by the local conditions near the triple line.

90 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202335
202275
2021170
2020177
2019273
2018281