Topic
Pipe flow
About: Pipe flow is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13826 publications have been published within this topic receiving 351605 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the results of an analysis of low-Reynolds-number turbulent channel flow based on the Karhunen-Loeve(K-L) expansion are presented.
Abstract: The results of an analysis of low-Reynolds-number turbulent channel flow based on the Karhunen-Loeve(K-L) expansion are presented. The turbulent flow field is generated by a direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations at a Reynolds number Re,= 80 (based on the wall shear velocity and channel half-width). The K-L procedure is then applied to determine the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for this flow. The random coefficients of the K-L expansion are subsequently found by projecting the numerical flow field onto these eigenfunctions. The resulting expansion captures 90% of the turbulent energy with significantly fewer modes than the original trigonometric expansion. The eigenfunctions, which appear either as rolls or shearing motions, posses viscous boundary layers at the walls and are much richer in harmonics than the original basis functions. Chaotic temporal behaviour is observed in all modes and increases for higher-order eigenfunctions. The structure and dynamical behaviour of the eigenmodes are discussed as well as their use in the representation of the turbulent flow.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an upper limit log-probability function or a Rosin-Rammler type of equation with constant parameters and only one variable, the maximum drop diameter dmax or d95, was used.
Abstract: Experiments were carried out with water dispersed in hydrocarbons at various flow rates. The measured size spectra can be well represented by either an upper limit log-probability function or a Rosin-Rammler type of equation with constant parameters and only one variable, the maximum drop diameter dmax or d95. The latter can be predicted satisfactorily by a correlation based on the Hinze/Kolmogorov model of droplet breakup.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a capacitance sensor was developed for measuring time-averaged void fractions in two-phase pipe flow, which consists of a helical cross capacitor in which is placed a dielectric tube.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the frequency response of a normal shock in a diverging channel is calculated for application to problems of pressure oscillations in ramjet engines, and two limits of a linearized analysis arc are discussed: one represents isentropic flow on both sides of a shock wave; the other may be a crude estimate to the influence of flow separation induced by the wave.
Abstract: The frequency response of a normal shock in a diverging channel is calculated for application to problems of
pressure oscillations in ramjet engines. Two limits of a linearized analysis arc discussed: one represents isentropic
flow on both sides of a shock wave; the other may be a crude appr'l'I;imation to the influence of flow separation
induced hy the wave. Numerical results arc given, and the influences of the shock wave on oscillations in the
engine are discus,ed.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the two geometrical configurations considered, a sinusoidal channel and an arc-shaped channel, are shown to provide little or no heat transfer augmentation, in comparison to a parallel-plate channel, in steady flow regimes at lower values of the Reynolds number.
130 citations