Showing papers on "Pipeline (computing) published in 1975"

Signal analyzer system

Abstract: A signal analyzer system is disclosed which includes an arithmetic processor containing a plurality of pipeline processor elements in parallel array with each element connected to a respective working store, with all of the elements being under microprogram control of an arithmetic element controller. A storage controller included in the system is connected to the arithmetic processor, to a system input and to a system ouput. A bulk storage included in the system is connected to the storage controller. The storage controller controls data transfers into and out of the system and between the bulk storage and arithmetic processor. A control processor included in the system is connected to the arithmetic processor and the storage controller by means of a data bus for centrally controlling the operation of the plurality of pipeline processor elements by transmitting micro control words over the bus.

System and method for concurrent and pipeline processing employing a data driven network

Abstract: This disclosure is directed toward a data driven network of uniform processing or function modules and local storage units which network may be readily partitioned to accommodate various concurrent operations or tasks. Data transfer is serial in nature so that data segments can be of any length. Execution by each function module is initiated by arrival of all of the required data structures, one of which contains an operator and may be stored in the associated local storage unit. The other data structure may contain operands and modifiers. Thus, a series of such operators may be distributed throughout the network to increase processing performance and throughput. A particular character set and data structure format is also disclosed.

Electronic fluid pipeline leak detector and method

Abstract: Disclosed is an instrument wherein the pressure or flow of a fluid in a pipeline is monitored with a voltage proportional thereto being electronically differentiated to determine whether any rate of change of pressure exists, which is often indicative of a leak in the pipeline. If a rate of pressure change of a predetermined extent exists for a predetermined period of time and if a total pressure change exceeds a predetermined value, an output signal can close a valve in the pipeline or can sound an alarm. In addition, in situations where a liquid is involved, a surge develops upon a line break, that is, a large rate of instantaneous pressure drop, and such surge can also be detected and appropriate remedial measures taken. The instrument is also capable of shutting down the pipeline in instances of inordinately low or high pressure conditions.

Pipeline Iterative Arithmetic Arrays

Abstract: Observations are made on the effect of pipelining iterative arrays for multiplication. It is suggested that the best type of latched array for multiplication is the save-carry iterative array. The effect of pipelining on other iterative arrays, including the general multiply/divide array is discussed.

Pipeline leak detector

Abstract: A pipeline pig inspection device having a plurality of pressure chambers for detecting pipeline leaks and eliminating erroneous indications of leaks caused by obstructions within the pipeline, significant changes in pipeline diameter, and minor fluid flows through the pig which are not caused by leaks.

Method and apparatus for determining the profile of an underwater pipeline

Abstract: A system for measuring and displaying the side and top profiles of an underwater pipeline as the pipe line is being laid on the sea floor by a pipe laying vessel. The profiles are determined by sequentially measuring the position of points spaced apart along the pipeline with respect to a point on the vessel. The measurements are accomplished by sequentially transmitting an acoustic signal from three, non-colinear transducers. The acoustic signals from each transmission is detected by a plurality of receivers spaced apart along the pipeline. As each receiver detects a transmission it produces an indicating signal on a pair of electrical conductors which are connected to the vessel and all of the receivers on the pipeline. The elapsed time between a transmission from a given transducer and detection of that transmission by each receiver is an indication of the distance between the transducer and each receiver. After all three transducers have interrogated the receivers, the three-dimensional position of each receiver is known, and the pipeline profile as viewed from the top and side can then be platted. Examination of the pipeline profile indicates the stress along the pipe so that the pipeline tension, or barge yaw attitude, can be adjusted to prevent damage to the pipeline.

Method and apparatus for underwater trench excavation and pipeline laying

Abstract: In the excavation of a trench on the seabed for receiving a pipeline, the pipeline is first laid on the seabed and subsequently the trench is excavated by an excavation machine which moves along side the pipeline and digs out material from beneath the pipeline. The machine contacts the pipeline to provide a control on the position of the machine relative to the pipeline and is self motivated.

Icings along the Trans-Alaska Pipeline route

Abstract: The location and extent of icings observed during six winters, 1969 to 1974, along the trans-Alaska pipeline route are shown on a series of maps and photographs. Large flood-plain icings occur in the braided river channels of the Sagavanirktok, Atigun, Dietrich, and Delta Rivers. Numerous lesser stream and hillside icings also occur along the pipeline route. Construction of the pipeline, roads, pumping stations, and training structures will displace some existing icings and will create new icings. Icings may cause problems such as flooding and erosion when they form on or near the pipeline, roads, and other pipeline facilities. INTRODUCTION A 48-inch (122-cm) diameter pipeline to transport petroleum from the Prudhoe Bay area on Alaska's North Slope to the ice-free port of Valdez in Prince William Sound is now under construction. The northsouth route of the pipeline (fig. 1) transects the major physical features and climatic zones of Alaska, and thus a wide range of hydrologic conditions will be encountered. This report discusses icings, also called aufeis, which are masses of ice formed by the overflow and subsequent freezing of sheets of surface water and emerging ground water. Icings can cause severe problems when they form on or near highways, airfields, or other structures. Some of these problems may be (a) the diversion of surface water by the ice and the consequent flooding and erosion by ice and water and (b) impaired traffic flow on surface transportation routes. This report also discusses the distribution and general types of icings along the pipeline route. The severity of icing problems that may be found during the construction and operation of the pipeline system is related to the character of the icings within any section of the route. The aerial observations and photography upon which this report is based were obtained principally during light-aircraft flights along the trans-Alaska pipeline route during the months of March, April, or May in the years 1969-74. Observations were not made on the same date each year; flight lines, altitudes, snow cover over icings, and weather conditions (thus the visibility) differed somewhat for each set of observations. The maps are a compilation of all icing observations made during the 6-year period. Not all icings shown on the maps were present on any given date. However, nearly all icings shown occurred each winter. Some of the smaller icings did not form annually, and all icings varied in areal extent and thickness from year to year. Satellite and thermal infrared imagery was examined for evidence of winter overflowing of rivers, of ice remaining in early summer, and of midwinter temperature anomalies. The aerial observations of icings along the pipeline corridor confirmed that the remote sensing techniques show icings. The 6-year record of observations indicates that not all icings can be observed on one airplane trip; likewise, no one set of remote sensing imagery shows all icings or the maximum extent of icings. The remote sensing imagery did not reveal any unknown or unsuspected icing areas along the pipeline corridor. Periodic icing observations and inventories should be continued during the construction and operation phases of the trans-Alaska pipeline system. Such a monitoring program will permit the detection of significant changes in natural icings and the initiation of any new icings along the pipeline route. For those readers who may prefer to use metric units rather than English units, the conversion factors for the terms used in this report are listed below: Multiply English units' By To obtain metric units inches (in.) 2.540 centimetres (cm) feet (ft) 0.3048 metres (m) PRINCIPLES OF ICING FORMATION An icing is a mass of surface ice formed during the winter by the successive freezing of sheets of water that seep from the ground, from a river, or from a spring (A. M. Chekotillo, 1940, in Carey, 1970). Carey (written commun., 1967, 1968) has collected and analyzed data on icings in Alaska. He has discussed in detail the origin, formation, engineering significance, and techniques for study and control of icings (1973) and has compiled an annotated bibliography on these topics (1970). The following general statements about icings are derived from these publications and from the authors' observations. ICINGS ALONG THE TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE ROUTE

Pipeline positioning system

Abstract: A pipeline positioning system for controlling a pipeline portion which extends from a pipe laying vessel into a body of water wherein the pipeline portion is formed by successively adding pipe lengths on the pipe laying vessel, including first and second pipeline control stations mounted on the vessel at spaced intervals for alternately gripping, moving and releasing the pipeline portion in order to allow relative movement between the pipeline portion and the pipe laying vessel in order to continually add additional pipe lengths to the pipeline portion already laid.

Combined pipeline marker and test unit

Abstract: An acoustic type of pipeline marker that has combined with it, as a unitary structure, an acoustic signal detector for determining whether the marker is operating. The detector is only energized when it is desired to check whether the marker is emitting the desired acoustic signals into the pipeline. The detector provides a visual signal.

Impact of CDC STAR-100 Computer on Finite Element Systems

Abstract: A study is made of the impact of the projected major hardware and software features of the CDC STAR-100 computer on the overall organization and design of components of finite element structural analysis systems. The major features considered include virtual memory and the pipeline processing or streaming capability. The effective utilization of the STAR capabilities in finite element systems requires: (1) The consistent use of modular design concepts in all phases of the finite element system; and (2) the design of the different modules and processors to exploit the STAR pipeline processing capabilities. The paper concludes with two examples showing the anticipated gain in speed over the CDC 6600 to be obtained by using the STAR streaming capability. These examples are computation of element stiffness matrices and solution of banded symetric equations. In both cases order of magnitude gain in speed may be obtained.

Economics of Pipeline Transport for Hydrogen and Oxygen

Abstract: In a Hydrogen System nuclear, power stations for water-splitting will produce large quantities of hydrogen and oxygen. Economic aspects of transmission by pipeline of these two gases is evaluated, taking methane transportation as a comparison.

Case study of the pipelined arithmetic unit for the TI Advanced Scientific Computer

Abstract: Introduction Many scientific applications today require computers which are very fast and capable of processing large amounts of data. Some advances in scientific processing have been slowed due to the lack of supercomputer capabilities which are required primarily in the area of Central Processor speed and the availability of large amounts of high speed memory. Particularly in the fields of modeling and simulation, additional speed and memory capacity are desired to allow increased resolution of the experiment. Technological developments in such things as integrated circuits, multilayer printed circuit boards, memory speeds, and others have contributed to the ability of computer manufacturers to serve this market. In addition to these developments, however, large advances had to be realized from the standpoint of the basic computer architecture. The concept of pipelining has provided an answer to the large data execution rate required. Pipelined capabilities in the form of arithmetic units and special purpose functional units are included in machines such as the CEC7600, IBM 360/195, CDC STAR-100, etc.1,2 The Texas Instruments Advanced Scientific Computer (ASC) uses the pipeline concept throughout the Central Processor and carries the concept throughout the Central Processor and carries the concept further to include vector instructions in response to the high execution rates required.3

Expanding fuel pipeline protection bypass valve system - has bypass pipeline with a nonreturn valve opening in outlet direction

Abstract: The bypass system prevents the fracture of a pipeline which is arranged between a storage tank containing liquid hydrocarbon such as petrol, butane or propane and a user. The delivery pipeline has a closing valve and a pressure reducer. The bypass protection line is used to cover the situation when the safety release valve of the system is not able to cope with the pressure increase in the pipeline. The situation is especially critical when liquid hdyrocarbon fuels are used. The pressure within the pipeline can be increased enormously due to temperature variations. the protected pipeline has two parallel lines one of which contains the closing valve and the other parallel line contains a non-return valve which is closed in the flow direction from the storage tank to the user.

The connection of an associative pipeline with a cache memory.

Abstract: The paper describes a pipeline computer, the concept of which has been developed at the Institut fur Informatik at the Technical University of Munich. The first part describes the problems arising in a pipeline computer executing programs with conditional branch instructions, and gives proposals how to solve them. In the second part the connection of a cache-memory with a pipeline is discussed. Such a connection increases the number of instructions which are suited for advance execution.