Plant morphology

About: Plant morphology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1174 publications have been published within this topic receiving 24418 citations. The topic is also known as: phytomorphology & morphology of higher plants.

Use of RAPD marker to confirm mutation in morphological variants on Neem tree

Abstract: Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) is commercially valuable medicinal plant studied for molecular analysis. In the present study, a morphological variant of neem was observed near our department. The leaf pattern was abnormal (crimpled or curly) morphologically observed and was against normal leaves. This curly leaves containing neem tree considered as mutant against normal. It was considered as either environmental/chemical influence or certain variation that might lead to mutation in plant genome. To confirm mutation, in this experimentation, this morphological analysis was confirmed by molecular analysis. For that, the genomic DNA was extracted from both the plants and subjected to RAPD analysis. The morphological variants were shown distinct variation in DNA pattern by selected primers. Thus, RAPD profile proves that there was mutation in plant genome. This result supports the initiative to utilize morphological variants in plant breeding applications, and DNA fingerprinting.

Method for cultivating transgenic gramineous plant with increased tiller number and biological material related with method

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for cultivating a transgenic gramineous plant with increased tiller number and a biological material related with the method The method comprises the following steps: guiding a DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) molecule PGH3-IPT into a receptor-gramineous plant to obtain the transgenic gramineous plant with increased tiller number, increased spike number and/or reduced plant height in comparison with the receptor-gramineous plant Compared with the receptor-gramineous plant, the transgenic gramineous plant obtained by guiding the DNA molecule PGH3-IPT into the receptor-gramineous plant has the characteristics that malformation caused by excess change of plant morphology can not be caused when the effective tiller number and plant height of the transgenic gramineous plant are properly reduced; the spike number and grain weight of the transgenic gramineous plant are not remarkably changed, so that the yield of a single gramineous plant is increased; other morphology and growth and development characteristics of the plant are not remarkably changed

Criterios de selección en líneas de tomate con hábito de crecimiento determinado

Abstract: Introduction. The selection of genotypes with a determined growth habit in tomato should contemplate adequate selection criteria to increase the efficiency of the plant breeding program. Objective. The objective of this research was to estimate selection criteria for “chonto” tomato lines with determined growth habit. Materials and methods. The research was developed in the Universidad Nacional de Colombia campus Palmira in 2016, using seven determinate habit growth lines (D) and a control with undetermined habit growth. The heritability in a broad sense (h2g), coefficient of environmental variation, coefficient of genetic variation, selection efficiency, and genetic gain was determined, in morphologic, phenological, quality fruit, fruit shape, and productions parameters using the RELM/BLUP process, from the SELEGEN software. Results. Three ranges of h2g were found, the first with values of h2g greater than 0.76, the second between 0.53 and 0.38, and the third with a value less than 0.38. The highest values of h2g were for final height plant with 0.92, height plant to harvest with 0.88, production per plant with 0.83, days to flowering with 0.83, fruit number with 0.82, and days to harvest with 0.82. For genetic gain it was found that the control presented the highest values within the main parameters for final height plant, plant height to harvest, internode length, days to harvest, crop duration, soluble solids content, number of fruits per plant, weight fruit, and plant production; however, in some parameters such as height and phenology for effects of selection by habit of determined growth lower values were better. Conclusion. Genetic parameters were evidenced that could be considered as selection criteria for “chonto” tomato lines with determined growth of habit.