Topic
Plant morphology
About: Plant morphology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1174 publications have been published within this topic receiving 24418 citations. The topic is also known as: phytomorphology & morphology of higher plants.
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01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: Both phenomena, anisocotyly and bulbil meristems formation are interesting cases of the diversification of meristem behavior in plants, which may be responsible for the generation of such high levels of phenovariation observed in Gesneriaceae.
Abstract: An overview is given of the current knowledge of the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying the morphological diversity exhibited by Gesneriaceae plants, one of the larger angiosperm families with more than 3200 species. The development of vegetative structures is highly diversified and includes several unusual features, such as anisocotyly, observed in some genera such as Streptocarpus or Monophyllaea, where one cotyledon develops continuously after germination to form phyllomorphs, rather than leaves. Some anisocotylous plants retain only the continuously developing macrocotyledon as photosynthetic tissue to form ‘one-leaf plants’. Recent Evo-Devo studies have shed some light on the origin and behavior of meristems in such phyllomorphic plants. The plant hormone, cytokinin and environmental factors, such as light, are likely to be the key players in this scenario. Reversions to vegetative development of floral meristems are observed in the genus Titanotrichum. Here, the flower meristems change to form bulbils at the end of the flowering season, a means of asexual mass reproduction. Both phenomena, anisocotyly and bulbil meristem formation are interesting cases of the diversification of meristem behavior in plants, which may be responsible for the generation of such high levels of phenovariation observed in Gesneriaceae.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared 14 clones of selected individuals from one population of southern sweet-grass naturally occurring in East Poland were compared in respect of morphological traits as well as accumulation of biologically active compounds.
Abstract: Southern sweet-grass (Hierochloe australis /Schrad./ Roem. & Schult., Poaceae), commonly known as a bison grass, is a perennial tuft grass rarely occurring in mixed forests in Eastern and Northern Europe. The raw material collected from this plant are leaves rich in coumarin compounds (especially coumarin) responsible for sweet, specific aroma of these organs. In Poland, southern sweet-grass leaves are used mainly for alcohol products aromatisation. Growing demand for the raw material results in uncontrolled and excessive collecting of this plant. The best way to solve this problem is to introduce this plant into cultivation. Since southern sweet-grass is allogamous and heterozigotic, strong intraspecific variability of the species is observed. Fourteen clones of selected individuals from one population of southern sweet-grass naturally occurring in East Poland were compared in respect of morphological traits as well as accumulation of biologically active compounds. The clones differed significantly in the weight of leaves (3.76–22.59 g of air-dry weight per plant). The total coumarin content (determined by a spectrophotometric method) in this raw material for investigated clones ranged from 1.49 to 1.94%, flavonoids – from 0.25 to 0.55%, and phenolic acids – from 0.20 to 0.42%. Three coumarin compounds were identified by HPLC, namely coumarin, 3,4-dihydrocoumarin, and o-coumaric acid. The content of coumarin ranged from 84.00 to 310.85, 3,4-dihydrocoumarin: from 17.80 to 168.45, and o-coumaric acid: from 37.50 to 70.00 mg · 100 g-1 dry matter.
2 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Progenies raised from bigger seeds of the same genotype were taller, had more leaves, more tillers and higher grain yield than their small seeded counterparts.
Abstract: Progenies raised from bigger seeds of the same genotype were taller, had more leaves, more tillers and higher grain yield than their small seeded counterparts. Differences during growth period between seed categories were also recorded for leaf area, number of leaves, tillering and plant height at different growth stages. Higher grain yield resulted mainly from a greater number of heads on plants grown from large seeds.
2 citations
01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: Morphological features were established, as the plant specific architecture, the ciatiurn, the radical system, the leaves diverse shapes and the characteristics of the fruit and seed.
Abstract: Samples of Euphorbiapep/us L (Euphorbiaceae) specimens were taken from the ground at Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota (Bello 262). Microtome slices and freehand slices were made following histological techniques, to study and determine the plant anatomy; fresh samples were observed to study and determine the plant morphology. Morphological features were established, as the plant specific architecture, the ciatiurn, the radical system, the leaves diverse shapes and the characteristics of the fruit and seed. Anatomical features as the limited secondary growth on stem and root were also determined.
2 citations