Plant morphology

About: Plant morphology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1174 publications have been published within this topic receiving 24418 citations. The topic is also known as: phytomorphology & morphology of higher plants.

Yield, Morphological traits and Nitrogen use Efficiency of Eruca sativa as affected by Irrigation, Plant density and Nitrogen Fertilization

Abstract: The effect of different levels of irrigation, plant density and N fertilization was studied on the yield, morphological traits and N use efficiency (NUE) of Eruca sativa in the research farm of Islamic Azad University of Birjand, Iran in 2013-2014 in a factorial split-plot experiment. The main plot was devoted to water deficit stress at two levels of no stress (optimum irrigation) and stress at reproductive stage, the sub - plot was devoted to plant density at two levels of 60 and 160 plants m -2 , and thesub-sub-plot was devoted to N fertilization at three rates of 0, 100 and 200 kg ha -1 . It was found that drought stress at reproductive stage resulted in 68.5% loss of seed yield, 66.7 and 73.1% loss of N use efficiency for biomass and seed produ ction as compared to optimum irrigation. In addition, the increase in density from 60 to 160 plants m -2 resulted in 29.5% higher seed yield, 11.5% higher plant height, 30.3 and 21.1% higher NUE for biomass and seed production, 20.3% higher number of auxiliary branches, and 44.9 and 35.7% higher NAE for biomass and seed production. The interaction between plant density and N was significant for NUE for biomass production. Also the interaction between irrigation, plant density and N was significant for seed yield, NUE for biomass and seed production. According to the results, it is recommended to use the dens ity of 160 plants m -2 optimally irrigated and fertilized with 100 kg N ha -1 because of its optimum seed yield and NUE which takes environmental issues under consideration too.

Over-expression of the hybrid aspen homeobox PttKN1 gene in red leaf beet induced altered coloration of leaves.

Abstract: PttKN1 ( Populus tremula A— tremuloides KNOTTED1 ) gene belongs to the KNOXI gene family . It plays an important role in plant development, typically in meristem initiation, maintenance and organogenesis, and potentially in plant coloration. To investigate the gene functions further, it was introduced into red leaf beet by the floral dip method mediated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens . The transformants demonstrated typical phenotypes as with other PttKN1 transformants. These alterations were very different from the morphology of the wild type. Among them , morphological modification of changed color throughout the entire plant from claret of wild type to yellowish green was the highlight in those transgenic PttKN1 -beet plants. The result of spraying selection showed that the PttKN1 -beet plants had kanamycin resistance. PCR assay of the 35S-Promoter, NPTII and PttKN1 gene, PCR-Southern analysis of the NPTII and PttKN1 gene showed that the foreign PttKN1 gene had successfully integrated into the genome of beet plant. Furthermore, the results of RT-PCR analysis showed that the gene was ectopic expressed in transgenic plants. These data suggested that there is a correlation between the ectopic expression of PttKN1 gene and morphological alterations of beet plants. Pigment content assay showed that betaxanthins concentrations shared little difference between wild type and transgenic lines, while betacyanins content in transgenic plants was sharply decreased, indicating that the altered plant coloration of the transgenic beet plants may be caused by the changed betacyanins content. The tyrosinase study suggested that the sharply decreased of betacyanins content in transgenic plants was caused via the decreased tyrosinase level. Therefore, the reason for the altered plant coloration may be due to partial inhibition of betacyanin biosynthesis that was induced via the pleiotropic roles of PttKN1 gene .

Variability studies in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Abstract: Twenty diverse genotypes of cucumber collected from Tamil Nadu and Kerala regions were evaluated for morphological characters like days to first female flowering, node number of first female flower, vine length, number of secondary branches, days to fruit harvest, fruit length, fruit girth, fruit diameter, average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, 1000 seed weight and yield per plant to estimate the variability, heritability, genetic advance. In variability studies, yield per vine was obtained highest mean value CS 6 genotype. Maximum phenotypic and genotypic co-efficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was for yield per plant followed by average fruit weight, fruit diameter and number of fruits per plant. High heritability was observed for all the characters except node number of first female flower. Genetic gain was maximum for yield per plant followed by average fruit weight, fruit diameter, number of fruits per plant, number of secondary branches, fruit length, fruit girth and 1000 seed weight.