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Plant physiology
About: Plant physiology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1537 publications have been published within this topic receiving 72038 citations.
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31 citations
TL;DR: The over-expression of AtGA2ox8 might be used to produce dwarf varieties and increase seed yield in Brassica napus L. by Agrobacterium-mediated floral-dip transformation and could improve the lodging resistance and seed yields, but also protect them against stress.
Abstract: Gibberellins (GAs) are endogenous hormones that play an important role in regulating plant stature by increasing cell division and elongation in stem internodes. The GA2-oxidase gene from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtGA2ox8) was introduced into Brassica napus L. by Agrobacterium-mediated floral-dip transformation with the aim of decreasing the amount of bioactive GA and hence reducing plant stature. As anticipated, the transgenic plants exhibited dwarf phenotype. Compared with the wild type, the transgenic plants had increased primary branches (by 14.1–15.3%) and siliques (by 10.8–15.2%), which resulted in a significant increase in the seed yield (by 9.6–12.4%). Moreover, the contents of anthocyanin in leaves of 60-day-old transgenic plants was about 9.4-fold higher in winter and about 6.8-fold higher in summer than the wild type. These excellent agronomic traits of the transgenic plants could not only improve the lodging resistance and seed yields, but also protect them against stress. Therefore, the over-expression of AtGA2ox8 might be used to produce dwarf varieties and increase seed yield in Brassica napus L.
31 citations
TL;DR: Results suggest that other blue-light photoreceptors are involved in growth inhibition of the seminal roots in rice seedlings and suggest that the photoperceptive site for the root growth inhibition appeared to be the roots themselves.
Abstract: In rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings, continuous white-light irradiation inhibited the growth of seminal roots but promoted the growth of crown roots. In this study, we examined the mechanisms of photoinhibition of seminal root growth. Photoinhibition occurred in the absence of nitrogen but increased with increasing nitrogen concentrations. In the presence of nitrogen, photoinhibition was correlated with coiling of the root tips. The seminal roots were most photosensitive 48-72 h after germination during the 7-day period after germination. White-light irradiation for at least 6 h was required for photoinhibition, and the Bunsen-Roscoe law of reciprocity was not observed. Experiments with phytochrome mutants showed that far-red light was perceived exclusively by phyA, red light was perceived by both phyA and phyB, and phyC had little or no role in growth inhibition or coiling of the seminal roots. These results also suggest that other blue-light photoreceptors are involved in growth inhibition of the seminal roots. Fluence-response curve analyses showed that phyA and phyB control very low-fluence response and low-fluence response, respectively, in the seminal roots. This was essentially the same as the growth inhibition previously observed at the late stage of coleoptile development (80 h after germination). The photoperceptive site for the root growth inhibition appeared to be the roots themselves. All three phytochrome species of rice were detected immunochemically in roots.
31 citations
TL;DR: The data suggested that GhCBF3 may be involved in regulating stomata closure, thereby enhance plant salt and drought tolerance via ABA signaling pathway.
Abstract: Osmotic stress associated with drought or salinity is a major factor that limits plant growth and productivity. CBF transcription factors play key roles in plant stress signaling transduction pathway. In this work, the data revealed that GhCBF3 identified in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was remarkably induced by NaCl, mannitol and abscisic acid (ABA). Histochemical assay of GUS activity revealed that GhCBF3 promoter was active in stomata guard cells of the GhCBF3p:GUS transgenic seedlings, and its activity was salt- and osmotic-inducible. Overexpression of GhCBF3 in Arabidopsis resulted in the increased drought- and high salinity-tolerance, but led to an ABA-sensitive phenotype of the transgenic plants. In the presence of NaCl and mannitol, rates of seed germination and cotyledon greening of the GhCBF3 overexpression transgenic plants were higher than those of wild type. Relative water content, proline content and chlorophyll content in the GhCBF3 transgenic seedlings were higher than those in wild type. The GhCBF3 transgenic plants showed greater salt- and drought-tolerance, compared with wild type. In the presence of ABA, stomatal aperture in leaves of the transgenic plants was smaller than that in wild type, and expression levels of AREB1 and AREB2 in the transgenic leaves was remarkably higher than those in wild type. Furthermore, expression of some stress-related genes was altered in the GhCBF3 transgenic plants. These data suggested that GhCBF3 may be involved in regulating stomata closure, thereby enhance plant salt and drought tolerance via ABA signaling pathway.
31 citations