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Plant physiology
About: Plant physiology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1537 publications have been published within this topic receiving 72038 citations.
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TL;DR: Tomato CRY2 overexpressors show phenotypes similar to but distinct from their Arabidopsis counterparts, but also several novel ones, including a high-pigment phenotype, resulting in overproduction of anthocyanins and chlorophyll in leaves and of flavonoids and lycopene in fruits.
Abstract: Cryptochromes are blue light photoreceptors found in plants, bacteria, and animals. In Arabidopsis, cryptochrome 2 (cry2) is involved primarily in the control of flowering time and in photomorphogenesis under low-fluence light. No data on the function of cry2 are available in plants, apart from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Expression of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) CRY2 gene was altered through a combination of transgenic overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing. Tomato CRY2 overexpressors show phenotypes similar to but distinct from their Arabidopsis counterparts (hypocotyl and internode shortening under both low- and high-fluence blue light), but also several novel ones, including a high-pigment phenotype, resulting in overproduction of anthocyanins and chlorophyll in leaves and of flavonoids and lycopene in fruits. The accumulation of lycopene in fruits is accompanied by the decreased expression of lycopene β-cyclase genes. CRY2 overexpression causes an unexpected delay in flowering, observed under both short- and long-day conditions, and an increased outgrowth of axillary branches. Virus-induced gene silencing of CRY2 results in a reversion of leaf anthocyanin accumulation, of internode shortening, and of late flowering in CRY2-overexpressing plants, whereas in wild-type plants it causes a minor internode elongation.
346 citations
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339 citations
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TL;DR: The photosynthesis in silico: Understanding Complexity from Molecules to Ecosystems is a unique book that aims to show an integrated approach to the understanding of photosynthesis processes.
Abstract: Photosynthesis in silico: Understanding Complexity from Molecules to Ecosystems is a unique book that aims to show an integrated approach to the understanding of photosynthesis processes. In this volume using mathematical modeling processes are described from the biophysics of the interaction of light with pigment systems to the mutual interaction of individual plants and other organisms in canopies and large ecosystems, up to the global ecosystem issues. Chapters are written by 44 international authorities from 15 countries. Mathematics is a powerful tool for quantitative analysis. Properly programmed, contemporary computers are able to mimic complicated processes in living cells, leaves, canopies and ecosystems. These simulations mathematical models help us predict the photosynthetic responses of modeled systems under various combinations of environmental conditions, potentially occurring in nature, e.g., the responses of plant canopies to globally increasing temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration. Tremendous analytical power is needed to understand nature's infinite complexity at every level. This book is not a list of equations and computer programs, but the emphasis is on analytical ideas facilitating the understanding of complex interactions governing the photosynthetic process on every level and between different levels of hierarchy. The book provides the necessary background on photosynthesis and demonstrates the benefits of the computer-aided quantitative analysis of its reactions; it is designed for graduate students and researchers in plant physiology, functional plant biology, plant biochemistry, systems biology, biophysics, bio-energy and bio-fuel. more on http://springer.com/978-1-4020-9236-7 2009. Approx. 520 p. ISBN: 978-1-4020-9236-7 ▶ 209,00 €; $279.00; SFr. 347.00; £188.00
329 citations
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TL;DR: ZR was shown to be the main cytokinin present in bacterial cultural media as a complex with a high molecular weight component and was associated with an increase in plant shoot and root weight of approximately 30% over 8 days after inoculation.
Abstract: Hormone production by micro-organisms selected as antagonists of pathogenic fungi and the effect of their introduction into soil on hormone content and growth of lettuce plants were studied. Hormones in bacterial cultural media and in plant extracts were immunopurified and assayed using specific antibodies to indolyl-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and different cytokinins (zeatin riboside (ZR), dihydrozeatinriboside (DHZR) and isopentenyladenosine (iPA)). ZR was shown to be the main cytokinin present in bacterial cultural media as a complex with a high molecular weight component. Inoculation of lettuce plants with bacteria increased the cytokinin content of both shoots and roots. Accumulation of zeatin and its riboside was greatest in roots shortly 2 days after inoculation, when their content was 10 times higher than in control. Changes in the content of other hormones (ABA and IAA) were observed at the end of experiments only. Accumulation of cytokinins in inoculated lettuce plants was associated with an increase in plant shoot and root weight of approximately 30% over 8 days.
329 citations