Plasma

About: Plasma is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 89683 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1336400 citations.

Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing

Abstract: 1. Introduction. 2. Basic Plasma Equations and Equilibrium. 3. Atomic Collisions. 4. Plasma Dynamics. 5. Diffusion and Transport. 6. DC Sheaths. 7. Chemical Reactions and Equilibrium. 8. Molecular Collisions. 9. Chemical Kinetics and Surface Processes. 10. Particle and Energy Balance in Discharges. 11. Capacitive Discharges. 12. Inductive Discharges. 13. Wave-Heated Discharges. 14. DC Discharges. 15. Etching. 16. Deposition and Implantation. 17. Dusty Plasmas. 18. Kinetic Theory of Discharges. Appendix A: Collision Dynamics. Appendix B: The Collision Integral. Appendix C: Diffusion Solutions for Variable Mobility Model.

Reviews of Plasma Physics

Abstract: Mechanisms of transverse conductivity and generation of self-consistent electric fields in strongly ionized magnetized plasma V. Rozhansky. 1. Introduction.- 2. Conductivity tensor in partially ionized plasma.- 3. Main mechanisms of perpendicular conductivity in fully ionized plasma.- 4. Acceleration of plasma clouds in an inhomogeneous magnetic field.- 5. Alfven conductivity.- 6. Perpendicular viscosity, radial current, and radial electric field in an infinite cylinder.- 7. Current systems in front of a biased electrode (flush-mounted probe) and spot of emission.- 8. Currents in the vicinity of a biased electrode that is smaller than the ion gyroradius.- 9. Neoclassical perpendicular conductivity in a tokamak.- 10. Transverse conductivity in a reversed field pinch.- 11. Modeling of electric field and currents in the tokamak edge plasma.- 12. Mechanisms of anomalous perpendicular viscosity and viscosity-driven currents.- 13. Transverse conductivity in a stochastic magnetic field.- 14. Electric fields generated in the shielding layer between hot plasma and a solid state.-- Correlations and anomalous transport models O.G. Bakunin. 1. Introduction.- 2. Turbulent diffusion and transport.- 3. Non-local effects and diffusion equations.- 4. The Corrsin conjecture.- 5. Effects of seed diffusivity.- 6. The diffusive tracer equation and averaging.- 7. The quasi-linear approximation.- 8. The diffusive renormalization.- 9. Anomalous transport and convective cells.- 10. Stochastic instability and transport.- 11. Fractal conceptions and turbulence.- 12. Percolation and scalings.- 13. Percolation and turbulent transport scalings.- 14. The temporal hierarchy of scales and correlations.- 15. The stochastic magnetic field and percolation transport.- 16. Percolation in drift flows.- 17. Multiscale flows.- 18. Subdiffusion and traps.- 19. Continuous time random walks.- 20. Fractional differential equations and scalings.- 21. Correlation and phase-space.- 22. Conclusion.

Rarefied Gas Dynamics

Abstract: Collisional Processes.- Analytical Formulae for Cross Sections and Rate Constants of Elementary Processes in Gases.- Relaxation of Velocity Distribution of Electrons Cooled (Heated) By Rotational Excitation (De-Excitation) Of N2.- Effects of the Initial Molecular States in a High-Energy Scattering of Molecular Beams.- Differential Cross Sections for Ion-Pair Formation with Selection of the Exit Channel.- Low-temperature Viscosity Cross Sections Measured in a Supersonic Argon Beam II.- Excited Oxygen Iodine Kinetic Studies.- Determination of Antisymmetric Mode Energy of CO2 Injected into a Supersonic Nitrogen Flow.- Molecular Beams.- Where are we going with molecular beams?.- Cesium Vapor Jettarget Produced With a Supersonic Nozzle.- Basic Features of the Generation and Diagnostics of Atomic Hydrogen Beams in the Ground and Metastable 22S1/2-States to Determine the Fundamental Physical Constants.- Optical Pumping Of Metastable Neon Atoms in A Weak Magnetic Field.- CO2-Laser Excitation of a Molecular Beam Monitored By Spontaneous Raman Effect.- Time-of-Flight and Electron Beam Fluorescence Diagnostics: Optimal Experimental Designs.- Molecular Beam Time-of-Flight Measurements in A Nearly Freejet Expansion of High Temperature Gas Produced By a Shock Tube.- Electron Beam Diagnostics.- Electron-Beam Diagnostics of High Temperature Rarefied Gas Flows.- Excitation Models Used in the Electron Beam Fluorescence Technique.- Electron - Beam Diagnostics in Nitrogen Multiquantum Rotational Transitions.- Free Jets, Nonequilibrium Expansions.- Free Jet as an Object of Nonequilibrium Processes Investigation.- State Dependent Angular Distributions of Na2 Molecules in a Na/Na2 Free Jet Expansion.- Molecular Beam Time-of-Flight Measurements and Moment Method Calculations of Translational Relaxation in Highly Heated Free Jets of Monatomic Gas Mixtures.- Rovibrational State Population Distributions of CO (v ? 4, J ? 10) In Highly Heated Supersonic Free Jets of CO-N2 Mixtures.- Free Jet Expansion with A Strong Condensation Effect.- Measured Densities in UF6 Free Jets.- Rotational Relaxation of NO in Seeded, Pulsed Nozzle Beams.- The Free-Jet Expansion from a Capillary Source.- Rotational Relaxation in High Temperature Jets of Nitrogen.- Translational Nonequilibrium in a Free Jet Expansion of a Binary Gas Mixture.- Laser Induced Fluorescence Study of Free Jet Expansions.- Jet-Surface Interactions.- Experimental Study of Plume Impingement and Heating Effect on Ariane's Payload.- The Interaction of a Jet Exhausting from a Body with a Supersonic Free Flow of a Rarefied Gas.- Modelling Control Thruster Plume Flow and Impingement.- Impingement of a Supersonic, Underexpanded Rarefied Jet upon a Flat Plate.- Some Peculiarities of Power and Heat Interaction of a Low Density Highly Underexpanded Jet with a Flat Plate.- Condensation in Flows.- Nonequilibrium Condensation in Free Jets.- Condensation and Vapour-Liquid Interaction in a Reflected Shock Region.- Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Condensation of Nitrogen in Transonic Flow.- Investigation of Nonequilibrium Homogeneous Gas Condensation.- The Peculiarities of Condensation Process in Conical Nozzle and in Free Jet Behind it.- Investigation of Nonequilibrium Argon Condensation In Supersonic Jet By Mass-Spectrometry, Electron Diffraction and VUV Emission Spectroscopy.- Clusters and Nucleation Kinetics.- The Microscopic Theory of Clustering and Nucleation.- Kinetics of Cluster Formation and Growth in the Process of Isothermal Condensation.- Relaxation Processes in a Molecular Dynamic Model of Cluster from the Lennard-Jones Particles.- Quantum-Chemical Study Of Processes With Cluster Isomerism.- The Homogeneous Nucleation at the Continuously Changing Temperature and Vapour Concentration.- Molecular Clusters as Heterogeneous Condensation Nuclei.- Experiments with Clusters.- The Photochemistry of Small van der Waals Molecules as Studied by Laser Spectroscopy in Supersonic Free Jets.- Diagnostics of Clusters in Molecular Beams.- Experimental Studies of Water-Aerosol Explosive Vaporization.- Laser Probing of Cluster Formation and Dissociation in Molecular Beams.- Free Molecule Drag on Helium Clusters.- Vibrational Relaxation Kinetics in a Two-Phase Gas-Cluster System.- Gas-Particle Flows.- Long-Range Attraction in the Collisions of Free-Molecular and Transition Regime Aerosol Particles.- Nonequilibrium Statistical Theory of Dispersed Systems.- The Mechanism of Strong Electric Field Effect on the Dispersed Media in the Rarefied Gas.- Generation of High-Speed Aerosol Beams By Laval Nozzles.- Kinetic Model of a Gas Suspension.- Gas Mixtures.- Kinetic Phenomena in the Rarefied Gas Mixtures Flowing Through Channels.- On the Discrete Boltzmann Equation for Binary Gas Mixtures.- Peculiarities and Applicability Conditions of Macroscopic Description of Disparate Molecular Masses Mixture Motion.- Numerical Solution of the Boltzmann Kinetic Equation for the Binary Gas Mixture.- Species Isotope Separation.- Gas or Isotope Separation by Injection into Light Gas Flow.- Molecular Diffusion Through a Fine-Pored Filter Versus Resonante IR-Radiation Intensity.- On Limiting Situations of Gas Dynamic Separation.- A Study of Reverse Leaks.- Investigation of Nonequilibrium Effects in Separation Nozzles by Monte-Carlo Simulation.- Separation of Binary Gas Mixtures at their Effusion through a Capillary and a Nuclear Filler into Vacuum.- Ionized Gases.- Effects of Nonideality in Quantum Kinetic Theory.- Molecular Mass and Heat Transfer of Chemical Equilibrium Multicomponent Partially Ionized Gases in Electromagnetic Field.- Spectroscopic Study of a Plasma Flow along the Stagnation Streamline of a Blunt Body.- On Model Kinetic Operators and Corresponding Langevin Sources for a Non-Equilibrium Plasma.- Related Fields.- Rarefied Gas Dynamics as Related to Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion.- Vacuum Ejectors with Appreciably Uneven Flows in Channels at Low Reynolds Numbers.- Simulation of the Process of the Cosmic Body Formation.

Cooling Functions for Low-Density Astrophysical Plasmas

Abstract: The cooling functions for a plasma slab are investigated under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions, over a range of 10 4 -10 85 K and for a range of abundances Radiative transfer and diffuse field are calculated in the isobaric nonequilibrium models using a one-dimensional cooling flow model, and the plasma is not assumed to be optically thin to all radiation Limiting cases of the plasma diffuse field coupling are calculated, and the resulting cooling functions are presented Some functions are terminated before reaching 10 4 K when the internal photoionization halts the cooling The functions represent a self-consistent set of curves covering a wide grid of temperature and metallicities using recently published atomic data and processes