Topic
Platinum
About: Platinum is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 49675 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1150035 citations. The topic is also known as: Pt & element 78.
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TL;DR: It is concluded that the intrinsic activity of the Au-Ox(OH)-S site, where S is a support, is the same for any S, and the support effect is indirect, through its carrying (or binding) capacity for the active sites.
Abstract: For important chemical reactions that are catalyzed by single-site metal centers, such as the water–gas shift (WGS) reaction that converts carbon monoxide and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide, atomically dispersed supported metal catalysts offer maximum atom efficiency. Researchers have found that for platinum metal supported on ceria and doped ceria in the automobile exhaust catalyst, atomic Pt–Ox–Ce species are the active WGS reaction sites. More recently, preparations of gold at the nanoscale have shown that this relatively “new material” is an active and often more selective catalyst than platinum for a variety of reactions, including the WGS reaction. The activity of gold is typically attributed to a size effect, while the interface of gold with the support has also been reported as important for oxidation reactions, but exactly how this comes about has not been probed satisfactorily. Typical supported metal catalysts prepared by traditional techniques have a heterogeneous population of particles...
308 citations
TL;DR: This work demonstrates that Pt-CNT nanocomposites synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide are effective electrocatalysts for low-temperature fuel cells.
Abstract: Carbon nanotube (CNT)-supported Pt nanoparticle catalysts have been synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) using platinum(II) acetylacetonate as metal precursor. The structure of the catalysts has been characterized with transmission electron micrograph (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). TEM images show that the platinum particles' size is in the range of 5−10 nm. XPS analysis indicates the presence of zero-valence platinum. The Pt−CNT exhibited high catalytic activity both for methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction. The higher catalytic activity has been attributed to the large surface area of carbon nanotubes and the decrease in the overpotential for methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction. Cyclic voltammetric measurements at different scan rates showed that the oxygen reduction reaction at the Pt−CNT electrode is a diffusion-controlled process. Analysis of the electrode kinetics using Tafel plot suggests that Pt−CNT from scCO2 provides a strong electrocata...
307 citations
TL;DR: It was found that the morphology, composition, and crystal phase of the resultant CoPt alloy nanomaterials could be controlled by changing the concentration and molar ratio of platinum and cobalt reactant precursors.
Abstract: Cobalt platinum nanorods, hyperbranched nanorods, and nanoparticles were synthesized in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [BMIM][Tf2N], ionic liquid though the thermal reduction of platinum acetylacetonate, and cobalt acetylacetonate at 350 °C in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). It was found that the morphology, composition, and crystal phase of the resultant CoPt alloy nanomaterials could be controlled by changing the concentration and molar ratio of platinum and cobalt reactant precursors.
307 citations
307 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that planar complexes can form linear chains of heavy metal atoms with metal-metal distances as short as 3.1 A. The bonding in these chains can be strengthened by partial oxidation and the bond lengths can be reduced to 2.8 A in this way.
Abstract: Planar complexes, and particularly those of platinum, can form structures containing linear chains of heavy metal atoms with metal-metal distances as short as 3.1 A. The bonding in these chains can be strengthened by partial oxidation, and the bond lengths can be reduced to 2.8 A in this way. Model structures for the novel nonstoichiometric products, such as K2[Pt(CN)4]Cl0·32 · 2.6 H2O, are considered. The bonding is also discussed on the basis of a one-dimensional band model.
306 citations