Topic
Polarization mode dispersion
About: Polarization mode dispersion is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5147 publications have been published within this topic receiving 80055 citations. The topic is also known as: PMD.
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03 Dec 1985TL;DR: In this paper, the amplitude modulated output of the first phase-sensitive detector is compared by a second phase sensitive detector, preferably a lock-in amplifier to the low frequency reference signal to provide a signal indicative of transmissive dispersion.
Abstract: In a single mode fiber under test a direct measurement of transmissive dispersion, such as of colors or polarizations, is produced. In the measurement of chromatic dispersion, light is modulated in amplitude by a first, high frequency signal and between one wavelength and another by a second, low frequency signal. Light transmitted through a fiber under test is received by a photodetector providing an output which is compared to the high frequency reference for phase by a first phase-sensitive detector. The amplitude modulated output of the first phase-sensitive detector is compared by a second phase-sensitive detector, preferably a lock-in amplifier to the low frequency reference signal to provide a signal indicative of transmissive dispersion. Other forms of dispersion, including polarization dispersion, may be measured. A source is modulated at a first, high frequency. A second, low frequency signal is used to vary the light between the first transmissive parameter value and a second, namely a first polarization and a second polarization. The light is varied at the low frequency between two values of the independent variable with respect to which dispersion is measured.
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance and limitation of real WPT-OFDM systems were investigated, and the Haar wavelet was used as an alternative approach to the conventional optical OFDM systems.
Abstract: Wavelet packet transform-based optical OFDM (WPT-OFDM) systems can be used as an alternative approach to the conventional optical OFDM systems. In this paper, we investigate the performance and limitation of real WPT-OFDM systems. Its double-sideband characteristic makes it sensitive to spectrally non-symmetric dispersion such as polarization-mode dispersion (PMD). Simulations of dual-polarization WPT-OFDM transmission are carried out in the presence of PMD, and compared with conventional Fourier transform-based optical OFDM (FT-OFDM). The results show that WPT-OFDM is very sensitive to PMD, incurring 1-dB penalty at 5-11 ps DGD for 112-Gb/s dual-polarization transmission. PAPR and nonlinearity performance of WPT-OFDM are also analyzed in this work. We show that the Haar wavelet has 0.9-dB improvement in nonlinear launch power limit compared with FT-OFDM (CP=1/8) in a conventional transmission dispersion configuration where inline dispersion is fully compensated by a dispersion-compensation-fiber (DCF).
43 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the accumulation rate of nonlinearity in highly-dispersive long-haul coherent links can also be measured from the nonlinear threshold decrease rate, and how the estimated rate can be used for the overall system design.
Abstract: We show that the accumulation rate of nonlinearity in highly-dispersive long-haul coherent links can also be measured from the nonlinear threshold decrease rate, and provide simulations of such rates for both single- and cross-channel effects We then show how the estimated rate can be used for the overall system design
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new technique for measuring the polarization mode coupling along a polarization-maintaining optical fiber is demonstrated using Nd3+:YAG laser as a light source and an acousto-optical light switch to reduce the Fresnel reflection at the input end of the fiber.
Abstract: A new technique for measuring the polarization mode coupling along a polarization-maintaining optical fiber is demonstrated Additional analyses of optical time-domain reflectometry signals are used Using a 134-μm Nd3+:YAG laser as a light source and an acousto-optical light switch to reduce the Fresnel reflection at the input end of the fiber, we have examined characteristics of the polarization mode couplings for four fibers with different extinction ratios The extinction ratios evaluated by the present method are in good agreement with those obtained by a conventional technique within ±05 dB
43 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a small dispersion fiber with large effective area and small slope, which has flat modal field over the central part of the core, which provides large mode field diameter (8.3 um at Λ0 = 1550 nm) leading to the relatively large area (Aeff = 56.1 um ) required to reduce nonlinear effects.
43 citations