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Showing papers on "Polycarbonate published in 1984"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a solution solide de N,N'-diphenyl N, N'-bis(methyl-3 phenyl) biphenyl-1, 1' diamine-4, 4' dans un polycarbonate de bisphenol A
Abstract: Solution solide de N,N'-diphenyl N,N'-bis(methyl-3 phenyl) biphenyl-1,1' diamine-4,4' dans un polycarbonate de bisphenol A

393 citations


Patent
03 May 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a lamina of ionomer resin film (14) laminated to a sheet of safety glass is used to cover safety glass, which is then sandwiched between two sheets of glass and an ionically crosslinked polyethylmethacrylic acid copolymer.
Abstract: Laminated articles, particularly safety glass (12), comprising a lamina of ionomer resin film (14) laminated to a sheet of glass (12) The ionomer resin film is preferably an ionically crosslinked ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer The laminated articles may also comprise a sheet of polycarbonate (36) laminated to the ionomer resin film (34) opposite the glass (32) The laminated articles may further comprise an ionomer resin film (56) sandwiched between two sheets of glass (52, 54) The laminated articles may still further comprise a sheet of polycarbonate (62) or other plastics sandwiched between sheets of ionomer resin film (64, 66), which are in turn sandwiched between sheets of glass (68, 70)

185 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that lap shear adhesion between laminated sheets of polycarbonate and styrene copolymers exhibits a sharp maximum when the acrylonitrile content of the copolymer is in the range of 25-27% by weight.
Abstract: Lap shear adhesion between laminated sheets of polycarbonate and styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers exhibits a sharp maximum when the acrylonitrile content of the copolymers is in the range of 25–27% by weight. Observations of shifts in glass transitions of the two phases in melt-mixed polycarbonate/SAN blends suggest partial miscibility of one polymer in the other, and this solubility is at a maximum when the SAN copolymer has an acrylonitrile content in the same range causing maximum adhesion. Mechanical properties of injection-molded blends of polycarbonate with various SAN copolymers were also best when the acrylonitrile content was the same as that giving maximum adhesion. The partial miscibility behavior in blends as a function of acrylonitrile content of the copolymer is explained qualitatively in terms of a simple binary interaction model.

155 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mechanical properties of extruder compounded blends of ABS and polycarbonate in the form of extruded-sheet and injection-molded bars are reported and compared with commercial products based on these components as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The mechanical properties of extruder compounded blends of ABS and polycarbonate in the form of extruded-sheet and injection-molded bars are reported and compared with commercial products based on these components. The modulus and tensile yield strength exhibit a nearly additive response to blend composition while percent elongation at break shows a minimum vs. composition. Notched Izod impact strength is nearly constant at the level of pure ABS up to 50% polycarbonate and increases rapidly upon further addition of polycarbonate.

101 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermal analysis was used to ascertain transitional behavior and the level of PET crystallinity at various points in the fabrication and testing process of polycarbonate and poly(ethylene terephthalate) mixtures.
Abstract: : Melt blends of polycarbonate and poly(ethylene terephthalate) were formed by continuous extrusion and injection-molded into bars for mechanical testing. Thermal analysis was used to ascertain transitional behavior and the level of PET crystallinity at various points in the fabrication and testing process. The mechanical properties showed little departure from additivity except for the percent elongation at break which was substantially larger for certain blends than expected. Glass transition behavior suggest two amorphous phases for PC rich mixtures and only one mixed phase in the PET rich region. Crystallizability of the PET after the blend was held or prolonged times in the melt stage suggests that interchange reactions do not occur to any great extent. Originator supplied key words include: Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET), PC(Polycarbonate), Polyester, Blends, Thermal Analysis, Miscibility, Interchange Reactions, Reprints.

91 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1984-Polymer
TL;DR: In this paper, a chemical reaction occurs during the mixing process between the salt and the ester links of the macromolecules, which produces ionic end-groups which are responsible for the acceleration of the crystallization rate.

90 citations


Patent
04 Sep 1984
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a specific arom. polycarbonate resin as a binder polymer of the charge transfer layer and obviated the generation of crystallization and solvent crack by the solvent in the stage of coating.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obviate the generation of crystallization and solvent crack in a charge transfer layer in the stage of manufacturing said layer and to maintain excellent mechanical strength and electrophotographic characteristic for a long period of time by using a specific arom. polycarbonate resin as a binder polymer of the charge transfer layer. CONSTITUTION:The arom. polycarbonate resin expressed by the formula is used as the binder polymer of the charge transfer layer. In the formula, X, X' denote a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or methyl group and R denotes a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, acetyl group or alkyl group of 1-4C. The crystallization resistance of the charge transfer with a solvent is thus improved and the generation of the solvent crack by the solvent in the stage of coating the upper layer is obviated. As compared with the photosensitive body in which ordinary polycarbonate of bisphenol is used for the charge transfer layer, the excellent electrical characteristic exactly equal to the electrical characteristic of such photosensitive body is obtd.

86 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the change in yield and deformation associated with physical aging was studied on a series of polycarbonates (bisphenol-A polycarbonate, polyester carbonates, and phenolphthalein-Bisphenols-A copolycarbonates) and a polysulfone.
Abstract: Change in yield and deformation associated with physical aging was studied on a series of polycarbonates (bisphenol-A polycarbonate, polyestercarbonates, and phenolphthalein-bisphenol-A copolycarbonates) and a polysulfone. A combination of tensile and biaxial yield measurements, dynamical mechanical analysis, and high-resolution density measurements were performed. These data indicate that both free volume arguments and molecular entanglement arguments are inadequate for explaining the differences in large-scale deformation associated with physical aging for the polymers and the superiority of polyestercarbonates over the other resins. The local intramolecular and intermolecular conformation in the glassy state, as predicated by molecular structure, is apparently an important key to understanding physical aging in polycarbonate-type polymers.

61 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that photo-oxidation, and not a photo-Fries rearrangement mechanism, is the predominant process in the surface regions for both types of exposure.

43 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the composition and microstructure of a blend of bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC) and poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) have been established by a variety of physical methods.
Abstract: The composition and microstructure of a blend of bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC) and poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) have been established by a variety of physical methods. The composition was established by solvent extraction and infra-red spectrophotometry, while the microstructure was determined by these and the additional methods of differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The PBT retained its crystallinity in the commercial blend, (Xenoy CL-100), but blending reduced the main glass-rubber transition of the PC from 147°C to approximately 100°C. Conditioning of the blend at high temperatures resulted in progressive transesterification: 3 minutes at 240°C gave a small but significant effect, while 30 minutes at 270°C yielded large changes in the structure. These findings are important in respect of processing the material, and the limitations which might be incurred in plant recycling of scrap.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the shear band formation at glass beads embedded in a polycarbonate matrix subjected to a uniaxial tension by microscopic in situ observation.
Abstract: The shear band formation at glass beads embedded in a polycarbonate matrix subjected to a uniaxial tension has been investigated by microscopic in situ observation. The degree of interfacial adhesion was varied by different glass surface treatments. To gain insight into the three-dimensional stress field requirement for shear band formation, the distributions of several elastic failure criteria around an isolated adhering glass sphere in a polycarbonate matrix have been computed with the aid of finite element analysis. It was found that the mechanism for shear band formation is fundamentally different for adhering and non-adhering glass beads. In the case of excellent interfacial adhesion, the shear bands form near the surface of the bead in regions of maximum principal shear stress and of maximum distortion strain energy. In the case of poor interfacial adhesion, shear band formation is preceded by dewetting along the interface between bead and matrix.

Patent
16 Aug 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, an impact modifier combination consisting of a polyester resin selected from the group consisting of poly(alkyene terephthalate) and amorphous copolyester copolymer resin is presented.
Abstract: Novel compositions with high impact strength in both thin and thick-walled sections, and good weld line strength at room temperatures are provided in the form of resinous mixtures comprising: (A) an aromatic carbonate polymer resin selected from the group consisting of (i) an aromatic polycarbonate resin, (ii) a poly(ester-carbonate) copolymer resin, and (iii) a mixture of (i) and (ii); and (B) an impact modifier combination therefor comprising (i) a polyester resin selected from the group consisting of (a) a poly(alkyene terephthalate) resin, when (A) is (i) or (iii); and (b) an amorphous copolyester copolymer resin, and (c) a mixture of (a) and (b); and (ii) a diene based, grafted core-shell copolymer.

Patent
16 Apr 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a catalyzed interfacial polycondensation aromatic polycarbonate process is described, which comprises forming an agitated two-phase mixture comprising an organic solvent phase with catalyst and an aqueous phase containing an aromatic dihydroxy compound, a base and an ionic surfactant.
Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyzed interfacial polycondensation aromatic polycarbonate process which comprises forming an agitated two-phase mixture comprising an organic solvent phase with catalyst and an aqueous phase containing an aromatic dihydroxy compound, a base and an ionic surfactant. A carbonyl halide is added to the mixture and reacted with the aromatic dihydroxy compound to form an aromatic polycarbonate. The aromatic polycarbonate is recovered from the aqueous phase.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1984-Polymer
TL;DR: The physical ageing properties of polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate) have been measured by dynamic mechanical experiments at different temperatures and it appears that the horizontal shift proposed by Struik to superpose the experimental curves for different ageing times is only a first approximation as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The influence of the charge (carbone), de la temperature, of l'epaisseur de l'echantillon sur la conductivite electrique as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Influence de la charge (carbone), de la temperature, de l'epaisseur de l'echantillon sur la conductivite electrique

Patent
03 Aug 1984
TL;DR: In this article, an interfacial process for the preparation of polycarbonates having improved optical properties is disclosed wherein dihydric phenols are reacted with phosgene in the presence of an aqueous alkali solution and an organic solvent.
Abstract: An interfacial process for the preparation of polycarbonates having improved optical properties is disclosed wherein dihydric phenols are reacted with phosgene in the presence of an aqueous alkali solution and an organic solvent. After the polycarbonate oligomers are formed, the reaction mixture is diluted with additional solvent (25 to 125 volume percent). A polymerization catalyst such as triethylamine is then added to generate high molecular polycarbonates and the resins are then recovered.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Etude d'un polymere marque isotopiquement avec un 13 C sur le carbonyl, entre -255°C and +40°C as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Etude d'un polymere marque isotopiquement avec un 13 C sur le carbonyl, entre -255°C et +40°C

Patent
10 Dec 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of a styrene-maleic anhydride-methyl methacrylate terpolymer, ABS or MBS polymer, and polycarbonate is used for molding.
Abstract: Molding compositions are prepared from blends of (A) a styrene-maleic anhydride-methyl methacrylate terpolymer; (B) an ABS or MBS polymer; and (C) a polycarbonate. Component A, the styrene-maleic anhydride-methyl methacrylate terpolymers may optionally contain a rubber component.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the extrudate swell of the molten blends increased with increasing concentrations of the minor components and leveled off at characteristic blend compositions, which corresponded to the limits of compatibility.
Abstract: Blends of polycarbonate/polystyrene (PC/PS), polycarbonate/polypropylene (PC/PP) and ternary blends of the three components (PC/PS/PP) were studied. Extrudate swell of the molten blends increased with increasing concentrations of the minor components and leveled off at characteristic blend compositions. These compositions corresponded to the limits of compatibility as judged by the onset of brittleness in tensile tests. Both PS and PP appear to have some limited practical compatibility with PC. The change in extrudate swell behavior with concentration may be a rapid and convenient test for the effective concentration limits of partially miscible polymers.

Patent
11 Jan 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for producing polycarbonate resin particles from a methylene chloride solution of a poly-carbonate resin obtained by the polycondensation of a dihydroxydiaryl compound and phosgene is described.
Abstract: A process for producing polycarbonate resin particles from a methylene chloride solution of a polycarbonate resin obtained by the polycondensation of a dihydroxydiaryl compound and phosgene, which comprises continuously supplying the methylene chloride solution of the polycarbonate resin to a particle-forming vessel, heating it while maintaining it in a suspended state in water to evaporate methylene chloride and to form an aqueous slurry containing polycarbonate resin particles, subjecting at least a part of the resulting aqueous slurry withdrawn from the particle-forming vessel and containing the polycarbonate resin particles to wet pulverization treatment and recycling at least a part of the treated polycarbonate resin particles to the particle-forming vessel.

Patent
14 Aug 1984
TL;DR: In this article, an electrically conductive thermoplastic resin composition was obtained by incorporating (A) 5W94pts.wt. aromatic polycarbonate, preferably bis-(hydroxyphenyl)- alkane based polycarbonates, (B) 1W40pts,wt.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To composition, obtained by incorporating a matrix polymer, consisting of a thermoplastic polyester, aromatic polycarbonate, and havig a specific composition with a metallic filler, and having improved moldability, electric conductivity and electromagnetic wave shielding properties. CONSTITUTION: An electrically conductive thermoplastic resin composition obtained by incorporating (A) 5W94pts.wt. thermoplastic polyester which is a homo- or/and copolymer prepared by condensation reaction of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component (preferably terephthalic acid of isophthalic acid, etc.) with a 2W6C aliphatic glycol component (preferably ethylene glycol, etc.) with (B) 5W94pts.wt. aromatic polycarbonate, preferably bis-(hydroxyphenyl)- alkane based polycarbonate, (C) 1W40pts.wt. thermoplastic flexible resin, having ≤0°C glass transition temperature, and exhibiting rubber eleasticity at ordinary temperature, preferably polymer consisting of a vinyl based monomer, polyurethane, etc. and (D) 2W400pts.wt. metallic filler, amounts of the components may satisfy formula I and II. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Patent
18 Feb 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a flame-retardant composition having improved heat distortion properties and hydrolysis resistance free from bleeding of frame retardant, obtained by blending a thermoplastic polyester consisting of terephthalic acid or its ester and 2-4C glycol as main components is blended with 3- 50pts.
Abstract: PURPOSE:The titled flame-retardant composition having improved heat distortion properties and hydrolysis resistance free from bleeding of frame-retardant, obtained by blending a thermoplastic polyester with brominated polycarbonate, brominated epoxy resin, inorganic flame-retardant auxiliary, etc. CONSTITUTION:100pts.wt. thermoplastic polyester consisting of terephthalic acid or its ester and 2-4C glycol as main components is blended with 3- 50pts.wt. flame-retardant consisting of a low-molecular-weight brominated polycarbonate shown by the formula I (m is 1-4; n is 2-15; R1 is 1-5C lower alkyl), having end groups hindered with alkylphenols and 2-15 polymerization degree, and a brominated epoxy resin shown by the formula II (Z is H, or methyl; l<10), having <=10 polymerization degree, in a molar ratio of (90-50)/ (10-50), and 0.1-20pts.wt. inorganic flame-retardant auxiliary (e.g., especially antimony trioxide, etc.). The addition of 0-150pts.wt. reforcing filler (e.g., glass fiber, etc.) improves further mechanical strength and heat resistance.

Patent
05 Mar 1984
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe thermoplastic molding compositions which comprise an admixture of an aromatic polycarbonate resin, an olefinic polymer or copolymer, and a third component which is a copolym of an olein and an acrylate, methacrylate or acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions are described which comprise an admixture of (a) an aromatic polycarbonate resin, (b) an olefinic polymer or copolymer and (c) a third component which is a copolymer of an olefin and an acrylate, methacrylate, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. The presence of the third component enhances impact strength in thicker sections and improves weld line strength.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a series of alternating block polymers of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and poly(bisphenol-A carbonate) (BPAC) have been studied as a function of composition and block length in the temperature range 30 to 60°C.

Patent
20 Dec 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a carbonate precursor is selected from monocyclic cycloalkylidene radicals containing from 10 to about 16 ring carbon atoms and the resulting polycarbonate polymers have an intrinsic viscosity in methylene chloride at 25°C.
Abstract: Thermoplastic, linear, high molecular weight, end-capped aromatic polycarbonate polymers exhibiting improved heat resistance derived from: (i) a carbonate precursor; and (ii) at least one dihydric phenol represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein X is selected from monocyclic cycloalkylidene radicals containing from 10 to about 16 ring carbon atoms. These polycarbonate polymers have an intrinsic viscosity in methylene chloride at 25° C. of at least 0.38 dl./gm.

Patent
07 Aug 1984
TL;DR: Blends of carbonate polymer such as a polycarbonate of bisphenol-A, and a rubber modified copolymer, such as an acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) resin prepared by mass, bulk or mass suspension polymerization techniques, provide articles which exhibit good low temperature physical properties and can exhibit a low gloss finish.
Abstract: Blends of carbonate polymer, such as a polycarbonate of bisphenol-A, and a rubber-modified copolymer, such as an acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) resin prepared by mass, bulk or mass suspension polymerization techniques, provide articles which exhibit good low temperature physical properties and can exhibit a low gloss finish. Such blends are particularly useful in the manufacture of molded parts. Such blends are color stable and can exhibit small amounts of yellowing. Such blends are particularly useful in low temperature applications such as below about 0° F.

Patent
Larry G. Bourland1
10 Feb 1984
TL;DR: A polymeric molding composition containing a polycarbonate resin, a styrenic copolymer and a methylmethacrylate-butadiene-styrene polymer is disclosed in this article.
Abstract: A polymeric molding composition containing a polycarbonate resin, a styrenic copolymer and a methylmethacrylate-butadiene-styrene polymer is disclosed. The molding compositions of this invention exhibit excellent impact strength and can be molded over a wide range of processing conditions.

Patent
20 Mar 1984
TL;DR: In this article, a moldable polycarbonate with alternating repeating units derived from bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone (TMBS) and 2,2-bis-propane (Bisphenol A) dihaloformate is described.
Abstract: This invention relates to moldable polycarbonate compositions and in particular to moldable polycarbonates which have ordered alternating repeating units derived from bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone (TMBS) and 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (Bisphenol A) dihaloformate, or ordered, alternating repeating units derived from bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone (TMBS) dihaloformate and a bisphenol compound such as 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (Bisphenol A). Such polycarbonates exhibit improved hydrolytic stability and also excellent processability in molding applications.

Patent
17 Sep 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermoplastic molding composition comprising poly(ethylene terephthalate), aromatic polycarbonate, a graft modified rubber, and an amount of added talc sufficient to control the warpage of the composition and to maintain a high level of impact strength was presented.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to thermoplastic molding compositions comprising poly(ethylene terephthalate), aromatic polycarbonate, a certain graft modified rubber, and an amount of added talc sufficient to control the warpage of the composition and to maintain a high level of impact strength.