Showing papers on "Polycarbonate published in 2005"
TL;DR: A series of composite materials were produced incorporating polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) derivatives into polycarbonate (PC), by melt blending as mentioned in this paper, and significant differences in compatibility were observed depending on the nano-scale filler's specific structure: trisilanol POSS molecules generally provided better compatibility with PC than fully-saturated cage structures, and phenyl-substituted POSS grades were shown to be more compatible with PC.
265 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the compressive stress-strain behavior of polycarbonate and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) at different strain rates was investigated.
195 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the composites were rheologically characterized using an ARES-rheometer in the dynamic mode under nitrogen atmosphere at 280°C and frequency varying from 100 to 0.056 rad/s.
Abstract: In this study polycarbonate/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites were produced with different compositions by diluting a masterbatch using melt mixing in a DACA-Micro-Compounder. The composites were rheologically characterized using an ARES-rheometer in the dynamic mode under nitrogen atmosphere at 280 °C and frequency varying from 100 to 0.056 rad/s. The results showed that the dynamic moduli and the viscosity increased with increasing MWNT content. At a concentration of 0.5 wt.% MWNT, a significant change in the frequency dependence of the moduli was observed which indicates a transition from a liquid like to a solid like behavior of the nanocomposites. This transition can be related to the formation of a combined network between the nanotubes and the polymer chains.
157 citations
Patent•
22 Dec 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a polycarbonate resin composition consisting of a poly-carbonate resin and at least two resins contained as components, wherein the intensity ratio of the absorption peak appearing in a range of 2,933±5 cm -1 to the absorptionpeak appearing in the range of a 2.965−5 cm −1 satisfies the formula.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polycarbonate resin composition containing a polycarbonate resin and comprising at least two resins contained as components and capable of providing a material having excellent impact resistance. SOLUTION: The polycarbonate resin composition contains a polycarbonate resin and comprises at least two resins contained as components, wherein the intensity ratio of the absorption peak appearing in a range of 2,933±5 cm -1 to the absorption peak appearing in a range of 2,965±5 cm -1 satisfies formula [1]: intensity ratio of infrared absorption peak=I(2,933cm -1 )/I(2,965cm -1 )≥0.43 awherein I(2933cm -1 ): peak intensity of absorption appearing in a range of 2,933±5 cm -1 ; I(2,965cm -1 ): peak intensity of absorption appearing in a range of 2,965±5 cm -1 }. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
151 citations
TL;DR: In this article, single-walled carbon nanotube and bisphenol-A polycarbonate composite beams were fabricated by a solution mixing process and dynamic load tests were performed to characterize energy dissipation.
Abstract: In this study, single-walled carbon nanotube and bisphenol-A-polycarbonate composite beams were fabricated by a solution mixing process and dynamic (cyclic) load tests were performed to characterize energy dissipation. We report up to an order of magnitude (>1000%) increase in loss modulus of the polycarbonate system with the addition of 2% weight fraction of oxidized single-walled nanotube fillers. We show that the increase in damping is derived from frictional sliding at the nanotube-polymer interfaces. The nanoscale dimensions of the tubes not only result in large interfacial contact area, thereby generating high damping efficiency, but also enable seamless integration of the filler materials into the composite structure.
139 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal degradation of polycarbonate in air was studied as a function of mass loss using TGA/FTIR, GC/MS and LC/MS.
136 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the compatibilization efficiency of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) in immiscible polycarbonate (PC)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blends for the first time was described.
Abstract: Summary: This communication describes the compatibilization efficiency of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) in immiscible polycarbonate (PC)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blends for the first time. The size of the dispersed PC particles was reduced significantly upon the addition of OMMT (6 wt.-%) to the blend. The compatibilization effect of the OMMT was also assessed by differential scanning calorimetry, mechanical properties and thermal stability analysis of the modified blend.
SEM images of the fracture surfaces.
135 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the deformation process of electrospun composite fibers based on polycarbonate with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated by in situ tensile tests under transmission electron microscope (TEM) depending on morphology.
114 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented results for low shear composite formation via in situ polymerization of cyclic oligomeric carbonates, and the composites were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis, electrical conductivity, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope.
108 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two ways of introducing nanotubes in polymer matrices were used: the masterbatch dilution method and the direct incorporation into the polymer matrix, where the nanotube dispersion as observed by TEM investigations is quite homogeneous.
Abstract: This paper presents melt mixed composites where two ways of introducing nanotubes in polymer matrices were used In the first case, commercially available masterbatches of nanotube/polymer composites are used as the starting materials that are diluted by the pure polymer in a subsequent melt mixing process (masterbatch dilution method) while in the other case nanotubes are directly incorporated into the polymer matrix As an example of the masterbatch dilution method, composites of polycarbonate with MWNT are presented which are produced using a Brabender PL‐19 single screw extruder In this system, electrical percolation was found at about 05 wt% MWNT The nanotube dispersion as observed by TEM investigations is quite homogeneous The direct incorporation method is discussed in composites of polycarbonate with MWNT and SWNT For commercial MWNT percolation was found between 10 and 30 wt% depending on the aspect ratio and purity of the materials For HiPCO‐SWNT from CNI percolation occurred be
95 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, simulation data for a coarse-grained model of polycarbonate (BPA-PC) is presented for a detailed comparison of different ways to study the chain dynamics and predict the entanglement.
Abstract: Simulation data are presented for a coarse-grained model of polycarbonate (BPA-PC), which allow for a detailed comparison of different ways to study the chain dynamics and predict the entanglement ...
TL;DR: The thermal degradation of polycarbonate/triphenylphosphate (PC/TPP) and PC/resocinolbis(diphenyl phosphate) in air has been studied using TGA/FTIR and GC/MS in this paper.
Patent•
31 Oct 2005TL;DR: In this article, a thermoplastic composition is disclosed, comprising the reaction product of: a polyester polycarbonate comprising polyester unit and a poly carbonate unit; a polysiloxane poly-carbonate copolymer having a haze of 30% or less; and a transesterification catalyst.
Abstract: A thermoplastic composition is disclosed, comprising the reaction product of: a polyester polycarbonate comprising a polyester unit and a polycarbonate unit; a polysiloxane polycarbonate copolymer having a haze of 30% or less, comprising a polycarbonate unit and a polysiloxane unit; and a transesterification catalyst. The resulting thermoplastic composition has a haze of 30% or less as measured according to ASTM D1003-00 at a thickness of 3.2 millimeters. A method of forming the composition and articles formed from the composition are also disclosed.
TL;DR: In this article, three PET/PC blends were studied: 80/20, 70/30 and 50/50 ¼ %, respectively, and different grades of recovered materials (pellets, plates, and injection-moulded specimens) were tested by DSC and rheological measurements.
TL;DR: In this paper, the polycarbonate/poly(e-caprolactone) (PC/PCL) blends are found to be miscible when extruded samples are studied without any further thermal treatment.
Abstract: Polycarbonate/poly(e-caprolactone) (PC/PCL) blends are found to be miscible when extruded samples are studied without any further thermal treatment. PCL crystallizes in blends containing 60% or les...
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of polymer-cyclodextrin inclusion compounds of polycarbonate (PC), poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(vinylacetate) (PVAc) was successfully achieved.
TL;DR: In this paper, the degradation behavior of polycarbonates with pendant hydroxyl groups was discussed in terms of their chemical and physical properties, and it was shown that degradation of poly-carbonates was remarkably fast and reached nearly 70% in an activated sludge after 28 days.
Abstract: Novel polycarbonates, with pendant functional groups, based on 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols and L-tartaric acid derivatives were synthesized. Solution polycondensations of 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-bis-O-(p-nitrophenoxycarbonyl)hexitols and 2,3-di-O-methyl-L-threitol or 2,3-O-isopropylidene-L-threitol afforded polycarbonates having pendant methoxy or isopropylidene groups, respectively, with number average molecular weight (M n ) values up to 3.6 1 x 10 4 . Subsequent acid-catalyzed deprotection of isopropylidene groups gave well-defined polycarbonates having pendant hydroxyl groups regularly distributed along the polymer chain. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that all the polycarbonates were amorphous with glass transition temperatures ranging from 57 to 98 °C. Degradability of the polycarbonates was assessed by hydrolysis test in phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C and by biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) measurements in an activated sludge at 25 C. In both tests, the polycarbonates with pendant hydroxyl groups were degraded much faster than the polycarbonates with pendant methoxy and isopropylidene groups. It is noteworthy that degradation of the polycarbonates with pendant hydroxyl groups was remarkably fast. They were completely degraded within only 150 min in a phosphate buffer solution and their BOD-biodegradability reached nearly 70% in an activated sludge after 28 days. The degradation behavior of the polycarbonates is discussed in terms of their chemical and physical properties.
TL;DR: In this article, the liquid phase cracking of bisphenol-A types of epoxy resin and polycarbonate resin at 440°C in the presence of solvents such as tetralin, decalin or cyclohexanol was studied.
Patent•
15 Dec 2005TL;DR: An optically clear thermoplastic resin composition consisting essentially of: structural units derived at least one substituted or unsubstituted polycarbonate, at least greater than 30 weight percent of a substituted or unsaturated polyester, a modified poly carbonate, an impact modifier having a refractive index in the range between 1.51 and about 1.56 and an additive is disclosed.
Abstract: An optically clear thermoplastic resin composition consisting essentially of: structural units derived at least one substituted or unsubstituted polycarbonate, at least greater than 30 weight percent of a substituted or unsubstituted polyester, a modified polycarbonate, an impact modifier having a refractive index in the range between about 1.51 and about 1.56 and an additive is disclosed. The composition possess good optical properties, flow, stability and mechanical property. Also disclosed is a process to prepare these compositions and articles therefrom.
Patent•
27 Dec 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a thermoplastic resin composition comprising the polycarbonate and the lactic acid based resin and endowed with an excellent fluidity of polylactic acid in combination is improved in a hydrolysis resistance and provides a molded article further improved in an impact resistance and a thin-walled falling weight impact strength.
Abstract: The present invention provides a thermoplastic resin composition comprising 100 mass parts of a polycarbonate resin composition comprising 50 to 95 mass % of (A) a polycarbonate resin and 50 to 5 mass % of (B) a polylactic acid based resin and 5 to 65 mass parts of (C) a vinyl based graft copolymer. The above thermoplastic resin composition comprising the polycarbonate resin and the lactic acid based resin and endowed with a mechanical characteristic of polycarbonate and an excellent fluidity of polylactic acid in combination is improved in a hydrolysis resistance and provides a molded article further improved in an impact resistance and a thin-walled falling weight impact strength. A rise in the above characteristics makes it possible to use the plastic molded articles over a long period of time, and not only the thin-walled molding property and the portability are improved, but also the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can industrially advantageously be used as well for large-sized molded articles. In the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, use of the polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer as the polycarbonate resin component makes it possible to improve as well the flame retardancy and advantageously use the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention for office automation equipments, information and communication equipments, car parts, building components, home electric appliances and the like.
Patent•
05 Apr 2005
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a light-diffusing resin composition comprising an aromatic polycarbonate resin in an amount of 100 parts by mass, an acrylic resin and a lightdiffusing agent in a amount of 0.01 to 10 parts.
Abstract: The present invention provides a light-diffusing resin composition comprising (A) an aromatic polycarbonate resin in an amount of 100 parts by mass, (B) an acrylic resin in an amount of 0.01 to 1 part by mass, and (C) a light-diffusing agent in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, the light-diffusing resin composition which is usable for optical elements in the field of liquid crystal displays, such as light diffuser plates, optical lenses and optical guide plates, street lamp covers, glass substitutes such as laminated glass for vehicles or construction materials, and the like.
TL;DR: In this article, a study of the anodic oxidation of vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC) was conducted with post-mortem analysis of reaction products by ATR-FTIR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
Abstract: A study of the anodic oxidation of vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC) was conducted with post-mortem analysis of reaction products by ATR-FTIR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The half-wave potential (E1/2) for oxidation of VEC is ca. 3.6 V producing a resistive film on the electrode surface. GPC analysis of the film on a gold electrode produced by anodization of a commercial Li-ion battery electrolyte containing 2 percent VEC at 4.1 V showed the presence of a high molecular weight polymer. IR analysis indicated polycarbonate with alkyl carbonate rings linked by aliphatic methylene and methyl branches.
TL;DR: In this article, a new method is employed to directly predict the development of yield stress distributions in injection molded products of glassy polymers, based on the results of a study on the temperature dependence of the evolution of yield stresses during annealing of polycarbonate below Tg.
Abstract: A new method is employed to directly predict the development of yield stress distributions in injection molded products of glassy polymers. The approach is based on the results of a study on the temperature dependence of the evolution of yield stress during annealing of polycarbonate below Tg. In combination with the process-related thermal history, derived from numerical simulations of the injection molding process, an estimate of the yield stress distribution throughout a product can be obtained. Computed yield stresses of injection molded plates prove to be in excellent agreement with the experimental values, including their dependence on mold temperature and plate thickness.
TL;DR: In this paper, self-assembled honeycomb polycarbonate films were deposited on polymer piezoelectric (poled polyvinylidene fluoride) substrates under a fast dip-coating process.
Abstract: Self-assembled honeycomb polycarbonate films were deposited on polymer piezoelectric (poled polyvinylidene fluoride) substrates under a fast dip-coating process. Ordered structures with micro-scaled pores dispersed in the polycarbonate matrix were obtained, demonstrating 2D hexagonal packaging. Theoretical model explaining self- assembling process is proposed. Fabricated structures have a potential as 2D tunable photonic crystals. Photonic bandgap location was estimated. Visible-IR transmittance spectrum of the self-assembled films was studied with a FTIR spectrometer. Diffraction properties of the honeycomb patterns were investigated. High transparency of the components makes possible IR optics applications of obtained structures.
TL;DR: In this paper, linear homo-and co-polycarbonates have been obtained from the sugar-based diols 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-l-arabinitol and 2, 3, 4-tri O-methylxylitol.
Abstract: Linear homo- and co-polycarbonates have been prepared from the sugar-based diols 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-l-arabinitol and 2,3,4-tri-O-methylxylitol. Statistical co-polycarbonates were obtained from molar feed ratios of sugar:bisphenol A of 1:1 and 2:1. The polycarbonates were stable up to ∼280 °C with maximum decomposition rate above 345 °C. The arabinitol-based homopolymer was found to be semicrystalline whereas the xylitol-based one was amorphous. All the copolymers were amorphous with Tg ranging between 60 and 80 °C. Both homo- and co-polycarbonates showed high resistance to chemical hydrolysis; however, they were enzymatically degraded in different degree. The xylitol-based polycarbonates were the more easily degraded by lipase B from Candida antarctica in acetonitrile at 70 °Cthis enzyme showing a high selectivity toward the configuration of the sugar-based moiety.
Patent•
22 Sep 2005
TL;DR: In this article, a graft copolymer is obtained by graft polymerization of a vinyl monomer in the presence of an organosiloxane polymer obtained by adding a (meth)acryloyl group-containing siloxane compound as a graft crosslinking agent to a polycarbonate monomer.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a polycarbonate resin composition which is improved in melt flowability (moldability) without deteriorating excellent original characteristics of a polycarbonate resin, exhibits also good pigment coloring properties and gives a molded article having a good appearance. SOLUTION: This polycarbonate resin composition comprises (X) a polycarbonate resin and (Y) an organosiloxane-containing graft copolymer obtained by graft polymerization of (B) a vinyl monomer in the presence of (A) an organosiloxane polymer obtained by adding a (meth)acryloyl group-containing siloxane compound as a graft crosslinking agent to a siloxane monomer. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Patent•
02 Feb 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermoplastic molding mass containing 10 to 99.99 wt. % of at least one polyester, and 0.01 to 50 wt of other additives, the sum of the weight percentages of the constituents A) to C) being equal to 100 %.
Abstract: The invention relates to thermoplastic moulding masses, containing A) 10 to 99.99 wt. % of at least one thermoplastic polyester, B) 0.01 to 50 wt. % of a hyperbranched polycarbonate, having a hydroxyl number of 1 to 600 mg KOH/g polycarbonate (according to DIN 53240, part 2) and C) 0 to 60 wt. % of other additives, the sum of the weight percentages of the constituents A) to C) being equal to 100 %.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of transesterification on the miscibility and phase behavior of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/bisphenol A polycarbonate (PTT/PC) blends was studied using DSC, DMA, and 1 H NMR.
TL;DR: In this article, the Toray Lab-carbon fibers measured by the single fiber fragmentation was determined to be in a similar level to AS-4 and IM-7 in various epoxy-amine thermoset systems and polycarbonate thermoplastic matrix.
Patent•
15 Mar 2005
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a resin composition comprising an aromatic polycarbonate resin and an antistat, and in particular to impart, to a resin composition exhibiting both excellent heat resistance and transparency inherent in the aromatic poly carbonate resin, improved flowability together with good external appearances without delamination and good chemical resistance without detriment to those properties of the resin composition.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a resin composition comprising an aromatic polycarbonate resin and an antistat, and in particular to impart, to a resin composition exhibiting both excellent heat resistance and transparency inherent in the aromatic polycarbonate resin, improved flowability together with good external appearances without delamination and good chemical resistance without detriment to those properties of the resin composition. SOLUTION: The aromatic polycarbonate resin composition comprises 100 pts.wt. of the total of 80-99.99 pts.wt. of the aromatic polycarbonate resin (component A) and 0.01-20 pts.wt. of the antistat (component B), and 0.05-30 pts.wt. of a flow modifier (component C), where the flow modifier (component C) is a copolymer (i) comprising, as a main constituting unit, a unit formed from a (meth)acrylate monomer (Ca) represented by a specific formula and an aromatic alkenyl compound monomer (Cb) and (ii) containing a chloroform-soluble component having a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000-200,000. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI