Showing papers on "Polygonum published in 2002"
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TL;DR: The benzoquinones showed anti-feedant, anti-microbial, phytotoxic, acaricidal, insecticidal and nematicidal activity, some of which are widely used as ethno-anthelmintics have been studied.
Abstract: There are several described medicinal plants in Kenya from a flora of approximately 10,000 members. Strong cross-medical information from the 42 ethnic groups points to the high potential of some of these species. The Myrsinaceae are well established ethno-anthelmintics and anti-bacterials. They are harbingers of long alkyl side chain benzoquinones which clearly have a protective function from their histochemical disposition. The main benzoquinone in the sub-family Myrsinodae is embelin while for the Maesodae it is maesaquinone together with its 5-acetyl derivative; the distribution of these benzoquinones by their alkyl side chain length or the presence/absence of a 6-methyl group is in accord with morphological sub-family de-limitation. The benzoquinones showed anti-feedant, anti-microbial, phytotoxic, acaricidal, insecticidal and nematicidal activity. Many other benzoquinones of medium and minor concentration were also isolated and characterised. Some plants belonging to the Polygonaceae which are widely used as ethno-anthelmintics have been studied. The common anthelmintic anthraquinones were obtained from all five Rumex species while the naphthalenic acetogenin derivative, nepodin was more selectively distributed. The leaf of Polygonum senegalense is up to 17% surface exudate; about thirteen non polar flavonoid derivatives (chalcones, dihydrochalcones, flavanones and a flavone) have been isolated from it. From the internal aerial tissues of this plant, the major flavonoids were common flavonoids, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin and their glycosides. The only unique compound isolated from this plant was 2′-glucosyl-6′-hydroxy-4′-methoxydihydrochalcone whose aglycone, uvangolatin is part of the exudate mixture. Other leaf exudate plants studied include the stomach-ache medicine, Psiadia punctulata (Compositae) from which novel methylated flavonoids, kaurene and trachyloban diterpenes have been found.
51 citations
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35 citations
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TL;DR: The hexane, ethylacetate and methanol extracts of Polygonum hydropiper whole plant administered to mice at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, showed a significant activity on acetic acid-induced writhing.
29 citations
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TL;DR: Examination of the mycorrhizal colonization of six plant species in relation to microsite types on recent volcanic substrates on the summit of Mt. Koma, Hokkaido, Japan foundPenstemon frutescens was found to be facultatively mycotrophic with AM colonization occurring in roots of Penstemon growing in Carex tussocks, Polygonum patches and near rocks.
Abstract: Mycorrhizae occur in most terrestrial ecosystems and are crucial to understanding community structure and function. However, their role in primary succession is poorly understood. This study examined the mycorrhizal colonization of six plant species in relation to microsite types on recent volcanic substrates on the summit of Mt. Koma, Hokkaido, Japan. The six microsites were flat, rill, near rock, Carex tussock, Polygonum patch and Salix patch. Carex oxyandra was nonmycorrhizal and Agrostis scabra and Campanula lasiocarpa were arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) at all microsites examined. Agrostis AM colonization levels did not differ across microsites. Near rock Campanula roots contained significantly more hyphae than at flat and Polygonum patch microsites, and rill and Carex tussock Campanula more arbuscules than at Polygonum patches. Penstemon frutescens was found to be facultatively mycotrophic with AM colonization occurring in roots of Penstemon growing in Carex tussocks, Polygonum patches and near rocks. Polygonum weyrichii was found to be ectomycorrhizal. Polygonum located in rills and in Polygonum and Salix patches were more colonized than Polygonum in Carex patches. Salix reinii was heavily ectomycorrhizal.
25 citations
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TL;DR: The flavonoid aglycones were studied in the herbs of the following taxons of the Polygonum L. by means of the RP-HPLC method and the content of taxifolin, quercetin, quERCetin-3-methyl ether, kaempferol, myritcet in, luteolin, isorhamnetin and rhamnetsin were determined.
Abstract: The flavonoid aglycones were studied in the herbs of the following taxons of the Polygonum L. genus: P. hydropiper L, P. bistorta L., P. aviculare L., P. persicaria L., P. lapathifolium ssp. tomentosum (Schrank) Dans, P. lapathifolium ssp. nodosum (Pers.) Dans, P. amphibium L., P. mite Schrank, P. conolvulus L. (Bilderdykia convolvulus L.) by means of the RP-HPLC method. The content of taxifolin, quercetin, quercetin-3-methyl ether, kaempferol, myritcetin, luteolin, isorhamnetin and rhamnetin were determined.
25 citations
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TL;DR: All the four weed extracts reduced the dry weight of plumule, radicle and total seedling in all the varieties of wheat except in HD--2329 with Cyperus, in which it was positive.
Abstract: Allelopathic effect ofAvena fatua L., Cyperus rotundus L., Polygonum hydropiper L., and Solanum nigrum L. were examined on seedling growth of certain commonly used varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Tarai region of U.P. state. The weed extracts inhibited the length of plumule in all the varieties (100%) with Solanum and it was in 12 (92%), 10 (77%) and 06 (46%) varieties with Polygonum, Avena and Cyperus, respectively. In radicle length, it was in 92% with both Polygonum and Solanum; and 85% and 69% of the varieties with Avena and Cyperus, respectively. However, all the four weed extracts reduced the dry weight of plumule, radicle and total seedling in all the varieties (100%) of wheat except in HD--2329 with Cyperus, in which it was positive. The percent reduction (percentage of control) was more than 50% in 92%, 77%, 54% and 39% of the varieties, respectively with Solanum, Polygonum, Avena and Cyperus. Among the weed extracts, the inhibitory effect on seedling growth in different varieties followed the order: Solanum > Polygonum > Avena and > Cyperus. On the basis of the present results, UP--2003 and WH--542 followed by PBW--226, Sangam and HD--248 were more susceptible to all the four weed extracts compared to the rest of the varieties of wheat.
23 citations
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6 citations
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TL;DR: Alternanthera philoxeroides, Clinopodium confines, Veronica undulata, Ranunculus japonicus, Polygonum hydropiper and Onanthe javanica have higher endurance to the contaminations by heavy metal elements.
Abstract: The contents of six heavy metal elements including Mn,Zn,Cr,Cu,Pb and Cd in 51 weed samples and 33 sites collected from Jinhua suburb were determined and numerically analyzed. The results are as follows:(1)The organs followed an order as rootsleavesstemsinflorescence and fruit based on their average concentrations of six elements; The elements ranked as ZnMnPbCuCrCd according to their concentrations in weeds,the accumulation coefficients ranked as CdPbZnMnCuCr in weeds;(2)Alternanthera philoxeroides, Clinopodium confines, Veronica undulata, Ranunculus japonicus, Polygonum hydropiper and Onanthe javanica have higher endurance to the contaminations by heavy metal elements. In Alternanthera philoxeroides, the concentrations of Zn are as high as 1699.28mg/kg, 1108.77mg/kg, 753.08mg/kg in root, stem and leaves respectively,that of Mn was 1268.48mg/kg high in roots. In Polygonum hydropiper,the concentration of Mn is as high as 1616.71mg/kg;(3)Not only the concentrations, but also the accumulation coefficients were higher in the weeds growing in contaminated environments.
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, two new stilbene glycosides (1 and 2) together with nine known compounds (3-11) were isolated from the water extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.
Abstract: Two new stilbene glycosides (1 and 2), together with nine known compounds (3-11), were isolated from the water extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by their chemical properties and spectroscopic analyses, including extensive 2D NMR experiments. Compound 2 showed strong DNA cleavage activity, and compounds 1, 2 and 10 (2, 3, 4′, 5_tetrahydroxy_ trans _stilbene_2_O_β_ D _glucopyranoside) exhibited significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
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25 Jan 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, a bindweed and buckwheat extract is used to inhibit the growth of tumor cells and enhance immune function, and the extract requires minimal purification and produces a low toxicity anti-tumor and immuno-stimulating extract.
Abstract: A bindweed and buckwheat extract is used to inhibit the growth of tumor cells, inhibit the growth of blood vessels, and enhance immune function. The bindweed and buckwheat extract requires minimal purification and produces a low toxicity anti-tumor and immuno-stimulating extract.
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: Results showed several plant extracts can be used for hair growth promotion and anti-microbial effects on Propionibacterium acnes, which is believed as a pathogen of acne.
Abstract: To screen the effective materials for hair loss treatment, several natural extracts were tested using in vivo and in vitro test models. Firstly, all test materials were applicated onto the back skin of C57BL/6 mouse and then hair growth pormoting effect were measured using hair growth index As a result, Polygonum muitifiorum Thunb and Terrninalia chebula Retz. showed potent hair growth promoting effect, ranking as 1.5-2.0 of hair growth index. However, there were no plant extracts, which have remarkable potential of growth promotion of human hair dermal papilla cells cultured in vitro. In the experiments of 5-reductase type Ⅱ inhibition assay, Morus alba L., Chaenomelis Fructus, Saussureae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Polygonum multifiorum Thunb, and Angelica dahurica (Fischer) Bentham et Hooker f. showed effective potential to inhibit the activity of 5-reductase type Ⅱ. To investigate the possible involvement of effects of several plant extracts on the gene expression of growth factors in human hair dermal papilla cells, RT-PCR analyses were performed. As a consequences, Mentha haplocalyx Briq., Cimicifuga foetida L., Eclipta prostrata (L.) L., Pinus densiflora S. et. Z, and Polygonum muitifiorum Thunb revealed the regulatory roles on the expression of growth factors such as IGF-I, KGF, HGF and VEGF in the dermal papilla cells. Another test for inhibition of microbial such as P. acne and P. ovale were also carried out to find whether these plant extracts have anti-microbial activities. Morus alba L. and Chaenomelis Fructus showed anti-microbial effects on Propionibacterium acnes, which is believed as a pathogen of acne. Together, these results showed several plant extracts can be used for hair growth promotion.
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11 Jul 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, a food composition for improving brain function and a producing method thereof are provided, thereby preventing or inhibiting adult diseases including Alzheimer disease, which can prevent or inhibit the development of Alzheimer disease.
Abstract: PURPOSE: A food composition for improving brain function and a producing method thereof are provided, thereby preventing or inhibiting adult diseases including Alzheimer disease. CONSTITUTION: The food composition for improving brain function comprises Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, pine nuts, Lycium chinease fructus, black sesame, Biota orientalis ENDL., Acanthopanacis Cortex, walnut, Polygonatum officinale All, black beans, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Asparagus cochinchinensis MERR., Liriope platyphylla tuber and honey. The method for producing the food composition comprises the steps of: mixing black beans and polygonum multiflorum Thunb in a ratio of 10:1, dipping the mixture in a 100 deg. C water for 24 hours, collecting the black beans and drying the Polygonum multiflorum Thunb; boiling the black beans and Polygonatum officinale All, and removing the black beans after completely being cooked; powdering black sesame, pine nuts, walnut, Biota orientalis ENDL. and Acanthopanacis Cortex; mixing Lycium chinease fructus, Asparagus cochinchinensis MERR., Liriope platyphylla tuber and the dried Polygonum multiflorum Thunb with the cooked Polygonatum officinale All, heating the mixture at 50 deg. C, and pressing the mixture; and adding the black sesame powder, pine nuts powder, walnut powder, Biota orientalis ENDL. powder and Acanthopanacis Cortex powder and honey into the extract together with heating the extract at 50 deg. C.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the root morphology of Artemisia pedunculosa, Polygonum cuspidatum and P. weyrichii on the Hoei second crater of Mt. Fuji was described.
Abstract: Artemisia pedunculosa, Polygonum cuspidatum and P. weyrichii are co- dominant species on the Hoei second crater of Mt. Fuji. The aim of this study is to describe root systems and the relationship between soil moisture and root morphology of these species. Most of the root distribution of A. pedunculosa was restricted within 20 cm depth and was widely spread in the surface soil. More than 1 m vertical and shorter horizontal root extension was found for the latter two species. The fine root mass per leaf area (FRMLA) of A. pedunculosa was more than 7 times and 3 times greater than these of P. weyrichii and P. cuspidatum, respectively. From the above results, A. pedunculosa depends on a large area of surface soil water, while the two Polygonum species depend on deep-layer soil water. The vertical root extension of the two Polygonum species is assumed to support their establishment on slope sites where surface soil movement is frequent and moisture content is low.
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TL;DR: The present results show that the pollen morphology in sect.
Abstract: Pollen morphology of 20 species and three varieties in Polygonum sect. Aconogonon Meisn.(Polygonaceae) in China was examined under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pollen grains are 3-colpate, 3-colporate, polyplicate, or pantocolpate in shape,20.4~44.0 μm×17.0~34.0 μm, mostly spheroidal to subprolate, rarely oblate-spheroidal or prolate (P/E =1.06~1.40). The ornamentation of exine is microspinulose-foveolate, prominently spinulose, coarsely reticulate, or rugulate under SEM. Based on their features of the apertures and the exine sculpturing, the pollen grains can be divided into 5 types, i.e. Aconogonon-type, Campanulatum-type, Sibiricum-type, Polystachyum-type and Forrestii-type. A key to the pollen types was provided. The Aconogonon-type is characterized by being 3-zonocolpate and having an imperforate tectum with the microspinulose-foveolate ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in 14 species and two varieties, i.e. P. ajanense, P. alpinum, P. angustifolium, P. cathayanum, P. coriarium, P. divaricatum, P. hookeri, P. lichiangense, P. limosum, P. molle, P. molle var. frondosum, P. molle var. rude, P. ocreatum, P. songaricum, P. tibeticum, P. tortuosum. The Campanulatum-type is characterized by being 6-pantocolpate and having an imperforate tectum with the microspinulose-foveolate ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in two taxa, P. campanulatum and P. campanulatum var. fulvidum. The Sibiricum-type is characterized by being 3-zonocolporate and having a rugulate ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in one species, P. sibiricum. The Polystachyum-type is characterized by being 6(~8)-zonocolpate and having a coarsely reticulate exine ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in two species, P. pinetorum and P. polystachyum. The Forrestii-type is characterized by being 12-pantocolpate and having a prominently spinulose exine ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in two species, P. forrestii Diels and P. nummularifolium. The present results show that the pollen morphology in sect. Aconogonon is of important systematic value. The treatment of this section as an independent genus and the generic status of Knorringia are supported; Polygonum nummularifolium and P. forrestii may be better transferred to the genus Koenigia, while P. pinetorum and P. polystachyum retained in the genus Polygonum.
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18 Nov 2002
TL;DR: In this article, a method of preparing tea products and beverages by grinding Malva verticillata, Cassia tora, Aloe vera, Rhei rhizoma, Sennae folium, Euphorbiae kansui Radix, Genkwa Flos, Tiglii semen, Pharbitidis Semen, Quercus infectoria Oliver, Ulmus davidiana Planch.
Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is a method of preparing tea products and beverages by grinding Malva verticillata L., Cassia tora L., Aloe vera L. Rhei Rhizoma, Natrii Sulfas, Sennae Folium, Euphorbiae kansui Radix, Genkwa Flos, Tiglii Semen, or the like. The product has enhanced palatability and constipation improving effect. CONSTITUTION: One or more herbs selected from Malva verticillata L., Cassia tora L., Aloe vera L., Rhei Rhizoma, Natrii Sulfas, Sennae Folium, Euphorbiae kansui Radix, Genkwa Flos, Tiglii Semen, Pharbitidis Semen, Quercus infectoria Oliver, Ulmus davidiana Planch. var. japonica Nakai, Ficus carica L., Polygonum multiflorum THUNB., Polygonum aviculare L., Polygonum cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc., Rheum coreanim Nakai, Rheum undulatum L., Rheum palmatum L., Phytolacca esculenta V. Houtt, Portulaca oleracea L., Oleum Ricini, Jalapae Tuber, Rhamni purshianae Cortex, Frangulae Cortex, Cassia Occidentalis L. and Plantaginis semen are ground into 0.1 to 1mm and dried at 110 to 150deg.C for 5 to 30min.
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TL;DR: 2 species and 1 variety of Polygonum Linn from Henan, which were not recorded in Flora of Henan are reported, of which P. hastato0sagittatum Mak.
Abstract: In this paper 2 species and 1 variety of Polygonum Linn. from Henan, which were not recorded in Flora of Henan, are reported, of which P. hastato0sagittatum Mak. are new record in Henan Province. Besides, a revision is also given of the scientific names of some taxons.
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26 Oct 2002
TL;DR: In this article, a whitening agent containing a Polygonum aviculare Linne extract as a main component is provided, whereby the whitening agents has low skin irritation while showing an excellent deactivation effect against tyrosinase and melamine production-inhibiting effect.
Abstract: PURPOSE: A whitening agent containing a Polygonum aviculare Linne. extract as a main component is provided. Whereby, the whitening agent has low skin irritation while showing an excellent deactivation effect against tyrosinase and melamine production-inhibiting effect. CONSTITUTION: The whitening agent containing 0.0001 to 5% by weight of the Polygonum aviculare Linne. extract is prepared by extracting Polygonum aviculare Linne. in C1-3 anhydrous or hydrous alcohol, or ethyl acetate at 4 to 30deg.C for 3 to 20 days and concentrating. For example, 100g Polygonum aviculare Linne. is cut and extracted in 1L ethyl alcohol(70%) at room temperature for 10 days, filtered with a filter paper with 300 mesh, left alone for 1 week and then concentrated at 50deg.C after filtering.
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