Showing papers on "Polygonum published in 2008"
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TL;DR: From the Egyptian medicinal plant Polygonum senegalense the fungal endophyte Alternaria sp.
Abstract: From the Egyptian medicinal plant Polygonum senegalense the fungal endophyte Alternaria sp. was isolated. Extracts of the fungus grown either in liquid culture or on solid rice media exhibited cytotoxic activity when tested in vitro against L5178Y cells. Chromatographic separation of the extracts yielded 15 natural products, out of which seven were new compounds, with both fungal extracts differing considerably with regard to their secondary metabolites. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7 showed cytotoxic activity with EC 50 values ranging from 1.7 to 7.8 microg/mL. When analyzed in vitro for their inhibitory potential against 24 different protein kinases, compounds 1- 3, 5- 8, and 15 inhibited several of these enzymes (IC 50 values 0.22-9.8 microg/mL). Interestingly, compounds 1, 3, and 6 were also identified as constituents of an extract derived from healthy leaves of the host plant P. senegalense, thereby indicating that the production of natural products by the endophyte proceeds also under in situ conditions within the plant host.
224 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined five plants, Filipendula ulmaria (meadow sweet), Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn), Polygonum aviculare (polygonum), Potentilla anserina (silverweed), and Pelargonium purpureum (little robin), in order to determine their phenolic composition Reversed-phase HPLC was employed for the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of the aforementioned plants.
Abstract: Summary Aromatic plants contain natural antioxidant constituents such as phenolic compounds, which have attracted a great deal of public and scientific interest because of their health-promoting effects as antioxidants Five plants, Filipendula ulmaria (meadow sweet), Crataegus monogyna (hawthorn), Polygonum aviculare (polygonum), Potentilla anserina (silverweed), and Pelargonium purpureum (little robin), have been examined in order to determine their phenolic composition Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was employed for the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of the aforementioned plants Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method (GC-MS) was also used for identification of phenolic compounds after silylation Analysis of the non-volatile and thermolabile phenolic compounds by GC-MS presupposes their conversion into volatile and thermotolerant derivatives The derivatization process was optimized against reagents, temperature and reaction time The antioxidant capacity was determined in dried plants and in their methanol extracts with the Rancimat test using sunflower oil as substrate Both pulverized plants and extracts showed antioxidant capacity Total phenolic content in the extracts was determined spectrometrically applying the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and it ranged from 72 to 282 gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/(mg/mL) Antimicrobial activity of the extracts against selected microorganisms was performed using the disk diffusion method Gram-(+) bacteria were more sensitive to the plant extracts than Gram-(–) bacteria
67 citations
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TL;DR: It is concluded that Eupersicaria is monophyletic and most closely related to Tovara and Echinocaulon, which supports the monophyly of the Persicarieae.
Abstract: Relationships within the Polygonaceae have been recently examined using rbcL sequences, with an emphasis on Polygonum and its segregates. Here we test these results with respect to Polygonum (sensu lato) with an expanded dataset, including additional species and gene regions. Specifically, we focus on inferring the relationships of Eupersicaria (Polygonum sect. Persicaria in many prior treatments), using the chloroplast genes rbcL, trnL-F, trnK intron-matK, and psbA-trnH IGS, and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. We conclude that Eupersicaria is monophyletic and most closely related to Tovara and Echinocaulon. In turn, this clade is most closely related to Cephalophilon. The sister group of this entire Persicaria clade contains Bistorta and a clade including Aconogonon and Koenigia, which supports the monophyly of the Persicarieae. Within Eupersicaria there appears to be a deep split between P. amphibia and the remaining species, and there is strong conflict regarding the placement of P. punctata. These results set the stage for a more detailed phylogenetic analysis of Eupersicaria.
60 citations
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TL;DR: Proximate composition of proteins, crude fibers, fats & oils, moistures, ash contents and carbohydrates and different elements like C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, P, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Fe and Br in some medicinal plants is presented.
Abstract: Proximate composition of proteins, crude fibers, fats & oils, moistures, ash contents and carbohydrates and different elements like C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, P, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Fe and Br in some medicinal plants viz., Rumex hastatus, Rumex dentatus, Rumex nepalensis, Rheum australe, Persicaria maculosa and Polygonum plebejum of the family Polygonaceae is presented.
55 citations
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TL;DR: This study shows that, in addition to their roots, the leaves and stems of P. cuspidatum and P. capitatum also exhibit potent antioxidant properties and are a potential resource of natural bioactive antioxidants.
Abstract: Many species of Polygonum are rich in bioactive constituents, which contribute to a wide range of medicinal properties. In this study, we assessed the scavenging activity against ABTS.+ and hydroxyl radicals, chelating activity against Fe2+, xanthine oxidase inhibition, antimicrobial activity, and total contents of phenolics and flavonoids in the extracts of leaves and stems or whole plants from four medicinal Polygonum species. Total antioxidant capacities and phenolic contents of Polygonum capitatum, Polygonum Chinensis, Polygonum cuspidatum, and Polygonum multiflorum were 74.60, 53.66, 56.22, and 14.34 mmol trolox/100 g dry weight (DW), and 8.69, 4.15, 6.33, and 1.27 g gallic acid/100 g DW, respectively, significantly higher than those of five dietary vegetables, fruits and spices (spring onion, broccoli, orange, carrot, and ginger). Major bioactive constituents in the tested plant extracts were also investigated using LC-MS. They were mainly phenolic compounds, e. g., flavonoids, phenolic acids and their derivatives, tannins, stilbenes, and anthraquinones. This study shows that, in addition to their roots, the leaves and stems of P. cuspidatum and P. capitatum also exhibit potent antioxidant properties and are a potential resource of natural bioactive antioxidants.
52 citations
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TL;DR: A new stilbenoid was isolated from the root extract of Polygonum multiflorum together with eight known constituents and weakly inhibited acetylcholinesterase in vitro.
Abstract: A new stilbenoid (1) was isolated from the root extract of Polygonum multiflorum together with eight known constituents (2∼9). The chemical structure of 1 was established as the 6″-O-monogalloyl ester of (E)-2,3,4′,5-β-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-β-D-glucopyranoside based on physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses, particularly by NMR spectroscopic data, i.e., COSY, HMQC and HMBC. Compound 1 weakly inhibited acetylcholinesterase in vitro.
47 citations
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TL;DR: It is suggested despite the large differences in viable seeds recovered, mallards may be important dispersers for the seeds of most species the authors studied and hypothesize that observed variation may be attributable to different plant strategies that relate to reproductive tactics and habitat type.
Abstract: Seed dispersal is an important process for plants, but may be particularly important for plants occurring in spatially isolated habitats like wetlands. Variation in the geographic distribution of wetland plant species may be strongly influenced by their ability to use waterbirds, particularly waterfowl to enhance dispersal. We used controlled feeding and germination experiments to investigate recovery, retention time, and germination for the seeds of 10 wetland plant species (Chenopodium album, Digitaria ischaemum, Echinochloa colonum, Echinochloa crusgalli, Eleocharis palustris, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Rumex crispus, and Scheonoplectus maritimus) and compared how these metrics varied with seed characteristics. We fed a known number of seeds to captive raised mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and collected fecal samples every 4 hours for 48 hours; all recovered seeds were planted in seedling trays and watched for 60 days to monitor germination. We co...
46 citations
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TL;DR: Five patients with acute hepatitis associated with the use of Polygonum multiflorum have suffered from acute hepatitis following treatment with these herbal supplements.
Abstract: To the Editor:A Chinese herb, Polygonum multiflorum, known as Shou Wu Pian and He Shou Wu root, is an ingredient of many herbal supplements promoted to treat balding, dizziness, prostatitis, and constipation. Five patients with acute hepatitis associated with the use of Polygonum multiflorum have pr
38 citations
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TL;DR: By various chromatographic methods, two new phenylpropanoid esters of sucrose named hidropiperosides A and B and three known compounds as vanicoside A, B, and E were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Polygonum hydropiper L.
Abstract: By various chromatographic methods, two new phenylpropanoid esters of sucrose named hidropiperosides A (1) and B (2), and three known compounds as vanicosides A (3), B (4), and E (5) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Polygonum hydropiper L (Polygonaceae) Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D-and 2D-NMR experiments, as well as ESI-MS analysis All the isolated compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay system Among them, compounds 2 and 3 showed significant antioxidant activity with their SC50 values of 234 and 267 μg/mL, respectively
35 citations
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TL;DR: Sequencing of the full-length small (S) and medium (M) genome segments indicated that the virus is a member of a new Tospovirus species provisionally named Polygonum ringspot virus, and a feature distinguishing it was the presence of a very short intergenic region on the S segment lacking the potential for formation of the predicted hairpin structure involved in subgenomic expression.
Abstract: Electron microscopy of extracts from diseased Polygonum convolvulus plants from Piedmont (Italy) revealed particles with the morphological features of a tospovirus. Sequencing of the full-length small (S) and medium (M) genome segments indicated that the virus is a member of a new Tospovirus species provisionally named Polygonum ringspot virus. A feature distinguishing it from members of other Tospovirus species was the presence of a very short intergenic region on the S segment lacking the potential for formation of the predicted hairpin structure involved in subgenomic expression. Antibodies made against purified nucleocapsids allowed serological comparison with other tospovirus isolates and revealed a relationship with tomato yellow ring virus, and to a lesser extent, to iris yellow spot virus. Serological tests detected the virus in various locations in northern and central Italy. The experimental host range was wide, although in nature the virus appeared restricted to two Polygonum species.
32 citations
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TL;DR: It was demonstrated that the glucuronides of quercetin are able to induce apoptosis in the tested human leukaemic cells, and may be considered good candidates for leukaemia chemotherapeutic agents.
Abstract: Introduction – The chemical and pharmaceutical studies carried out on species from Polygonum L. genus showed biological activity both of the extracts and the components isolated from them. These results were the impulse to examine Polygonum amphibium L.
Objective – The aim of this study was the isolation of active components from methanol extract and the determination of their cytotoxic effect on human leukaemic cell lines.
Methodology – Three flavonoid components from butanol soluble fractions of methanol extract by CC and PC preparative chromatography were isolated. Their structures were established on the basis of 1H, 13C and correlation (DEPT, H-H, COSY, HMQC, HMBC) NMR, UV and FAB-MS spectroscopic techniques. The evaluation of the anti-leukaemic activities of 1 and 2 against Jurkat and HL60 cell lines was carried out in vitro using annexin V fluorescence assay.
Results – Two new flavonoid glucuronides, quercetin-3-O-β-glucuronide (1) and quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnosyl-(1 2)-β-glucuronide (2), and kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnosyl-(1 2)-β-glucuronide (3), were isolated from Polygonum amphibium L. It was demonstrated that the glucuronides of quercetin are able to induce apoptosis in the tested human leukaemic cells. These compounds penetrate through cytoplasm to the cellular nucleus of the cultured cells, and give intensive apoptotic responses in the stimulated leukaemic cells. The number of apoptotic cells increased with the concentration (1 nm to 10 µm) of 1 or 2 and periods of exposure (1–3 days).
Conclusion – Compounds 1 and 2 may be considered good candidates for leukaemia chemotherapeutic agents. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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TL;DR: The chemical constituents from Polygonum capitatum and their antioxidation activties in vitro are studied for the first time and the pharmacological activities of the pure compounds from this plant are reported first.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents from Polygonum capitatum and their antioxidation activties in vitro. METHODS: Compounds were isolated and purified by silica, polyamide and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. The isolated compounds were screened with three antioxidation models in vitro. RESULTS: Ten compounds were isolated and identified as galic acid (1), protocatechuic acid (2), progallin A (3), nimbecetin (4), quercetin (5), quercitroside (6), tetracosylferulate (7), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside (8), beta-deucosterol and beta-sitosterol (10). Compounds 1-6 from this plant showed antioxidation activities. CONCLUSION: Compound 3 and 7 are isolated from this genus for the first time, compound 2, 4 and 9 are isolated from this plant for the first time, the pharmacological activities of the pure compounds from this plant are also reported firstly.
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01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: All extracts and fractions displayed considerable general toxicity towards brine shrimps, and exhibited low to moderate levels of anti-bacterial activity against most of the test strains.
Abstract: The extracts of the aerial parts of Polygonum barbatum var. barbata and Polygonum stagninum (Family: Polygonaceae) were assessed for anti-bacterial activity against a number of bacterial strains using the disc diffusion assay, and brine shrimp toxicity using the brine shrimp lethality assay. All extracts/fractions, except the MeOH extract/fraction, exhibited low to moderate levels of anti-bacterial activity against most of the test strains (zone of inhibition = 7-21 mm). All extracts and fractions displayed considerable general toxicity towards brine shrimps. The LD 50 values of the test extracts/fractions were within the range of 2.19 to 114.81 mg/mL, whereas that of the positive control (vincristine sulphate) was 0.61 mg/mL.
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TL;DR: In this article, the chemical constituents of the 70% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Polygonum capitatum Buch-Ham ex D.Don were identified by several chromatographic methods and identified by physicochemical characters and spectroscopic analysis.
Abstract: Objective To study the chemical constituents of the 70% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Polygonum capitatum Buch-Ham ex D.Don.Methods The constituents were isolated by several chromatographic methods and identified by physico-chemical characters and spectroscopic analysis.Results Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as:quercetin(1),kaempferol(2),quercitrin(3),protocatechuic acid(4),gallic acid(5),protocatechuic acid ethyl ester(6),ethyl gallate(7),vanillic acid(8),1,5,7-trihydroxyl-3methylanthraquinone(9),succinic acid(10),5-hydroxymethylfuraldehyde (11).Conclusions Compounds 6,7,9 and 11 are isolated from this genus for the first time.
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13 Jun 2008
TL;DR: In this article, a Polygonum multiflorum extract and the preparation process of the extract was described and used for the treatment or prevention of dementia, which mainly consisted of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2,O-β-D-glucoside and catechin.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a Polygonum multiflorum extract and the preparation process thereof. The Polygonum multiflorum extract of the present invention mainly comprises 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside and catechin. The present invention also relates to the use of the Polygonum multiflorum extract of the present invention for the treatment or prevention of dementia.
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TL;DR: The leaf epidermis contains a layer of tanniniferous cells with thick walls absent in the other closely similar species of Polygonum, and is characterized by its coriaceous leaves.
Abstract: Polygonum khajeh-jamali Khosravi & Poormahdi sp. nova (Polygonaceae) is described and illustrated from SW Iran. It can be assigned to Spinescentia group of sect. Polygonum and is characterized by its coriaceous leaves. The leaf epidermis contains a layer of tanniniferous cells with thick walls absent in the other closely similar species.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the glycosylation of hydroxylcoumarin was investigated by using suspension cultures of hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum, and two new coumarin glucosides (3 and 4) were biosysthesized by regioselectively glycolyation of corresponding substrates (1 and 2) in the system.
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TL;DR: It's possible to biotransform furannoligularenone by hairy roots of P. multiflorum and the mole conversion ratio of the substrate reached the highest (27.2%).
Abstract: Objective To investigate the biotransformation of furannoligularenone by hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum. Methods Furannoligularenone was added to the medium of hairy roots of P. multiflorum after precultured for 9 days, then they were co-cultured. The products were isolated and identified on the basis of their physical chemical properties and spectroscopic data. The T-C curve of biotransformation was investigated with HPLC. Results The hairy roots of P. multiflorum transformed the substrate to two products, 3-oxo-eremophila-1,7(11)-dien-12,8-olide(II) and 3-oxo-8-hydroxy-eremophila-1,7(11)-dien-12,8-olide(III). After co-cultured for 3 days, the mole conversion ratio of the substrate reached the highest (27.2%). Conclusion It's possible to biotransform furannoligularenone by hairy roots of P. multiflorum.
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TL;DR: Pteroxygonum is an independent genus in tribe Persicarieae, and should not be merged into the genus Fagopyrum, the phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) ITS sequences in Pter Oxygonum and related genera indicated that all the species form a well-supported monophyletic group with two clades.
Abstract: Gross morphology, fruit anatomy, tepal venation, pollen morphology, chromosome number and ITS sequence of Pteroxygonum Damm. & Diels as well as other related genera (Polygonum, Fallopia, Reynoutria, Fagopyrum, and Antenoron) have been investigated to evaluate the generic status of Pteroxygonum. Pt. giraldii Damm. & Diels has three sharp horns at the base of fruit, which is distinctive among all the genera investigated. Upon observation of fruits under a light microscope (LM), the exocarp of Pt. giraldii is usually thickened and delimited by the rectangular cells with some sporadic undulating lumen, while that of Fagopyrum is thin-walled and isodiametric to rectangular in the cell shape. Analysis of tepal venation was performed under a stereomicro- scope, and two types of tepal venation were found in Fagopyrum and Pteroxygonum. The type I is trifid, observed in Pt. giraldii, F. esculentum Moench, F. dibotrys (D. Don) Hara and F. tataricum (L.) Gaertn. The type II, found in F. caudatum (Sam.) A. J. Li, F. urophyllum (Bur. & Franch.) H. Gross and F. gracilipes (Hemsl.) Damm. ex Diels, has the main vein extending from tepal base with some secondary veins. Evidence from tepal venation supports the previous classification in which Fagopyrum can be divided into a large-achene group and a small-achene group. Pollen morphology was investigated under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The exine ornamentation of Pt. giraldii was finely reticulate with lumina diameter wider than muri width. The exine orna- mentation in all the examined Fagopyrum species is, however, prominently sunken punctuate. The phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) ITS sequences in Pteroxygonum and related genera indicated that all the species form a well-supported monophyletic group with two clades. One includes Polygonum sect. Avicularia Meisn., genus Fallopia and genus Reynoutria, and the other consists of other sections of Polygonum, genus Fagopyrum and Pteroxygonum. The latter clade can be divided into two subclades. Fagopyrum species compose the first one, while Pteroxygonum giraldii, species of Polygonum (except sect. Avicularia) and Antenoron form the second one. In consideration of the above evidence, we conclude that Pteroxygonum is an independent genus in tribe Persicarieae, and should not be merged into the genus Fagopyrum.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the content of combined anthraquinone of two specifications (pieces 0.8~ 1 cm, thick slice 2 ~ 4 mm) in steaming by UV spectrophotographic method and to observe purgative actions in rats.
Abstract: Objective To find out the relationship between purgative principles and purgative action after Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.was steamed through high-temperature,so to provide a basis for making quality standards.Methods To determine the content of combined anthraquinone of two specifications(pieces 0.8~1 cm,thick slice 2~4 mm) in steaming by UV spectrophotographic method and to observe purgative actions of two specifications in rats.Results It was the best to steam 6 hours for piece and 4 hours for thick slice without purgative action and the content of combinated anthraquinone was 2.09 mg/g and 2.00 mg/g respectively.Conclusion There is no purgative action after Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.was steamed,the content of combined anthraquinone are significantly lower,so it can be considered combined-anthraquinone as the limited indication of processed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb..
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TL;DR: In this article, the identification of resistance and cross-resistance of P. aviculare, P. convolvulus and P. persicaria to photosystem II inhibiting herbicides (atrazine, simazine, metribuzine, metamitron, linuron, lenacil, bentazone and chloridazone) was conducted as monitoring tests.
Abstract: The aim of conducted research was the identification of resistance and cross-resistance of Polygonum aviculare, P. convolvulus and P. persicaria to photosystem II inhibiting herbicides (atrazine, simazine, metribuzine, metamitron, linuron, lenacil, bentazone and chloridazone). The research was conducted as monitoring tests. During eight years (2000-2007) seeds of weeds were collected from 243 fields in South-Western Poland. Resistance of biotypes was diagnosed by biological tests (evaluation of phytotoxicity, measurement of fresh plant mass and calculating of resistance index) and fluorescence method. Identified biotypes showed, in most cases, high level of resistance (IR > 6). Most of Polygonum biotypes were resistant to herbicides from triazine group (artazine, simazine, metribuzine and metamitron), lenacil and chloridazone. Resistant biotypes of Polygonum were identified on 15-20% of monitored fields. Participation of resistant biotypes, for all monitored fields, in Polygonum communities did not exceed 40%. On monitored fields also several cases of cross-resistance was determined. Polygonum biotypes were resistant to atrazine and other triazines (simazine, metribuzine and metamitron), atrazine-lenacil and lenacil-chloridazone.
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TL;DR: The results showed that the highest phenols contents of P.macrophyllum were found in roots, stems, and flowers as mentioned in this paper, and the total phenol contents were 67.18,72,41, and 98.12 g/kg, respectively.
Abstract: The phenols contents in stems,flowers,roots of three species in the genus Polygonum in alpine meadows,including P.viviparum L.,P.sibiricum Laxm.,P.macrophyllum D.Don were determined.The results showed that the highest phenols contents of P.viviparum,P.sibiricum,P.macrophyllum existed in roots,stems and flowers,respectively.The total phenol contents were 67.18,72.41 and 98.12 g/kg,respectively.The simple phenol contents were 31.32,34.90 and 30.16 g/kg,respectively.In addition,tannin contents were 35.86,37.51 and 67.96 g/kg,respectively,condensed tannin were 26.09,36.90,31.69 g/kg,respectively.The phenols contents in stems and roots of both P.viviparum and P.sibiricum were higher than P.macrophyllum,and on the contrary,the phenols contents in flowers of P.macrophyllum was the highest.The order in aspect of protein precipitable capacity of phenols of three species was as P.viviparumP.sibiricumP.macrophyllum.
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TL;DR: The results indicated that the accumulation of Mn in the cell wall and the vacuole of the leaves might be one of the mechanisms of tolerance and hyperaccumulation of Polygonum hydropiper to Mn.
Abstract: Polygonum hydropiper was a new hyper-accumulated Mn plant.The experiments were carried out in order to find out subcellular distribution characteristics and chemical pattern of Mn in cell and the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of Polygonum hydropiper responding to Mn stress.The results indicated that the accumulation of Mn in the cell wall(accumulation rate as high as 36.34%)and the vacuole of the leaves(accumulation rate as high as 65.64%)might be one of the mechanisms of tolerance and hyperaccumulation of Polygonum hydropiper to Mn.Most Mn in leaves were the speciation of H2O-solubility organic salts or manganese oxalates.The content of chlorophyll a did not change under different Mn concentration treatments except that its content decreased remarkably when Mn concentration was 8 000 μmol/L in solutions.The membranes were not harmed by Mn when its concentration was less than 5 000 μmol/L in solutions;Under different Mn concentrations of Mn,the content of their soluble proteins of leaves had changed at some stage.The activity of SOD and POD were gradually improved with the increasing of Mn concentration,which could eliminate activated oxygen free radical,This might be the other physiological mechanism of tolerance and hyperaccumulation of Polygonum hydropiper responding to Mn.
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: It may be concluded that Polygonum multiflorum possesses the antimelanogenetic effects.
Abstract: Inhibitory Effect of Polygonum Multiflorum on Melanin Synthesis and Its Action Mechanism in B16F10Jong-Sek Song, Dong-Youl YooDept. of Oriental Medicine Graduate School, Daejeon UniversityPurpose: This study was performed to determine the inhibitory effect of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) on melanin synthesis in B16F10.Methods: The Inhibitory effects of Polygonum multiflorum(PM) on melanin synthesis were determined by in-vitro assay. To elucidate inhibitory effects of Polygonum multiflorum on melanin synthesis, we determined the melanin release and melanin production in B16F10. And to investigate the action mechanism, we assessed the gene expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MMP-2, PKA, PKC, ERK-1 ERK-2, AKT-1, MITF in B16F10.Results: 1. PM inhibited melanin-release, melanin production in B16F10.2. PM inhibited tyrosinase activity in vitro and in B16F10.3. PM suppressed the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1 in B16F10.4. PM suppressed the expression of PKA in B16F10.5. PM suppressed the expression of ERK-1, ERK-2, AKT-1 in B16F10.6. PM suppressed the expression of MITF in B16F10.Conclusion: From these results, it may be concluded that PM possesses the antimelanogenetic effects.Key Words: Polygonum multiflorum(PM), whitening, melanogenesis, Tyrosinase.
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TL;DR: This work may provide technical parameters and guidance for quality control of Rheum officinale Baill.
Abstract: Objective To determine the emodin and chrysophanol contents in Rheum officinale Baill.and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb..MethodsThe emodin and chrysophanol were extracted by means of methanol-reflux,the contents of emodin and chrysophanol were determined by HPLC method.ResultsThe emodin content in Rheum officinale Baill.was 83 times of that in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb..The chrysophanol content in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.was three times of that in Rheum officinale Baill.ConclusionThis may provide technical parameters and guidance for quality control of Rheum officinale Baill.and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.,rational selecting materials for enterprises,and studying the distribution of emodin and chrysophanol in various plants.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the biotransformation of eight active constituents chemicals by hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and found that three of the eight active components were identified to be biOTransformed, which were furannoligularenone (6), 1,4-benzenediol (7), and artemisinin (8).
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the biotransformation of eight active constituents chemicals by hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Methods: Active compounds were added to the culture system of hairy roots of P.multiflorum after precultured for 9 d, then they were co-cultured for another 7 d. The products were isolated and purified by column chromatography. Results: Three of the eight active constituents were identified to be biotransformed, which were furannoligularenone (6), 1,4-benzenediol (7) and artemisinin (8). HPLC analysis of the biotransformation of 6 showed two new peaks except the peak of substrate, then the corresponding two compounds were obtained; Substrate 7 was converted into arbutin. In the case of 8, there were two new peaks and the corresponding two monomers have been also isolated. Conclusion: The result showed that there were several enzymes in the culture system of P.multiflorum hairy roots, which could processed glycosylation, oxidation, reduction and hydroxylation reactions.