Showing papers on "Polygonum published in 2010"

Anti-HIV activities of the compounds isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum and Polygonum multiflorum.

Abstract: The 70 % EtOH extract of Polygonum cuspidatum showed inhibitory action against HIV-1-induced syncytium formation at non-cytotoxic concentrations in vitro with a 50 % effective concentration (EC(50)) of 13.94 +/- 3.41 microg/mL. Through bioactivity-guided fractionation, 20 phenolic compounds, including eight stilbenoids, were isolated from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum, and their anti-HIV-1 activities were evaluated. Results showed that compounds 1, 13, 14, and 16 demonstrated fairly strong antiviral activity against HIV-1-induced cytopathic effects in C8166 lymphocytes at non-cytotoxic concentrations, with EC (50) values of 4.37 +/- 1.96 microg/mL, 19.97 +/- 5.09, 14.4 +/- 1.34 microg/mL, and 11.29 +/- 6.26 microg/mL and therapeutic index (TI) values of 8.12, > 10.02, > 13.89, and > 17.71, respectively. Other compounds showed either weak or no effects. Compound 6 also showed weak inhibition (153.42 +/- 19.25 microg/mL); however, it possesses very good water solubility and showed almost no cytotoxicity (> 2000 microg/mL), therefore achieving a fairly good TI (13.04). The activities of the two compounds (3 and 18) from Polygonum multiflorum were also assayed. The relationship between molecular structures and their bioactivities was also discussed.

Evaluation of anti-oxidant capacity of root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, in comparison with roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and Panax ginseng CA Meyer.

Abstract: In Chinese communities, regular consumption of Chinese-medicated diets (CMD) (usually in the form of soup) is a traditional practice to promote health and prevent disease development. The overall improvement of health conditions is believed to be correlated with the anti-oxidant potentials of these herbs. Huangqin, roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae), is one of the herbs commonly used in CMD. In this study, the anti-oxidant capacities of Huangqin extracts (water, ethanol and ether extracts) were evaluated and compared to commonly used CMD herbs, Heshouwu, roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb (Polygonaceae) and Renshen (or Ginseng), roots of Panax ginseng CA Meyer (Araliaceae). The anti-oxidant capacities were measured by using both cell-free assay [ferric reducing/anti-oxidant power (FRAP)] and biological methods [2,2'-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) (AAPH)-induced haemolysis assay and H(2)O(2)-induced cell damage on H9C2 cells]. Additionally, the total phenolic content was measured using Folin-Ciocalteu methods. Water extract of Huangqin has the highest anti-oxidant activities compared to the ethanol and ether extracts. A positive relationship between the anti-oxidant effects and total phenolic contents of extracts was demonstrated. This shows that Huangqin could be an effective dietary anti-oxidant that can be consumed regularly as a functional food for the prevention of oxidant/free radical-related diseases.

Manganese tolerance and accumulation in six Mn hyperaccumulators or accumulators

Abstract: This study used hydroponics cultivation to investigate the manganese (Mn) accumulation and tolerance abilities of six species—Phytolacca americana L., Poa annua L., Comnyza canadensis L., Cynodon dactylon L., Polygonum hydropiper L., and Polygonum perfoliatum L. We found that P. perfoliatum, P. hydropiper, and P. americana were Mn-hyperaccumulators and that P. perforliatum have superior Mn accumulation and toleration abilities over the other five species. The Mn concentration within the shoots of P. perfoliatum reached as high as 18,342.3 mg kg−1. The root growth of P. perfoliatum was promoted under low-Mn treatments, but the growths of the five other species were inhibited by the Mn treatments and the damage intensified as Mn concentration increased. The biomass of P. perfoliatum was minimally affected by the Mn treatments. The chlorophyll (CHL), soluble protein (SP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of P. perfoliatum were not adversely affected, but these parameters of the other five species showed significant (P < 0.05) deterioration from the control. By comparison among the six species, the hyperaccumulator P. perfoliatum was the most suitable species for bioremediation of Mn-polluted environments. However, the findings need further study in soil cultivation.

Cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity of some selected medicinal plants of the family Polygonaceae

Abstract: The cytotoxicity of the crude methanolic extracts of Rumex hastatus, Rumex dentatus, Rumex nepalensis, Rheum australe, Polygonum persicaria and Polygonum plebejum (Family Polygonaceae) was determined against Artemia salina at 1000, 100 and 10 mg/ml. R. hastatus, R. dentatus and R. nepalensis showed significant activity at a concentration of 1000 mg/ml against Artemia salina. R. australe showed low activity at 1000 mg/ml and no activity at 100 and 10 mg/ml. At concentration of 10 mg/ml, R. australe showed no activity. Similarly the phytotoxicity of the crude extracts of these six plants was determined against Lemna minor. All the plants except R. hastatus showed significant activity at a concentration of 1000 mg/ml. Moderate activity was shown by R. australe, R. nepalensis and P. persicaria at the concentration of 100 mg/ml. All the plants showed low phytotoxic activity at concentration of 10 mg/ml.

Identification of Dictyothrips betae as the vector of Polygonum ring spot virus.

Abstract: Dictyothripsbetae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is the predominant thrips species on Polygonum convolvulus and Polygonum dumetorum plants infected with a recently described tospovirus species, Polygonum ring spot virus (PolRSV). Laboratory transmission experiments (leaf disk assays) with adults collected directly in the field demonstrated the competence of this thrips to transmit PolRSV, although only at a rate of 4%. However, this increased to 16% using newly emerged larvae fed on infected leaves. Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci failed to transmit PolRSV in leaf disk assays. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)withspecificprimersfortheNproteinandWesternblotanalysis of adult thrips to detect the N protein confirmed the presence of the virus in D.betaeindividuals after feeding for at least 5 days on healthy plants. For molecular identification purposes partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), nuclear 28S ribosomal DNA and the elongation factor1α (EF-1α)from D. betae were cloned. COI sequence was also used for deriving a phylogenetic tree, including D. betae. The results confirmed a relationship between this species and tospovirus-transmitting insects of the genus Thrips.

Pollen spectra of honeys from the Middle Delta of the Paraná River (Argentina) and their environmental relationship

Abstract: The aim of this study was to characterize honeys from the Middle Delta of Parana River (Argentina) through pollen analysis and basic sensorial analysis, as well as assessing the vegetation contribution of this freshwater wetland as a source of nectar for Apis mellifera. Sixty-five samples were studied, out of which 109 pollen types, belonging to 53 plant families, were identified. The families Asteraceae and Leguminosae provided the greatest diversity of pollen types. Multifloral honeys were predominant (> 70%). Monofloral honeys were from Type Polygonum hydropiperoides (7), Sagittaria montevidensis (5), Eupatorium spp. (3), Pontederiaceae (2) and Salix humboltiana 1. Regional honeys are mistakenly called "Catay honeys" (Polygonum spp.) due to the wide distribution of species of this genus and the intense activity of honey bees observed on them. However, in the samples studied, Type Polygonum hydropiperoides varied from 25% taxa that do not belong to this ecosystem, they differ in their sensorial characteristics, particularly the presence of crystals. Pollen types such as Type Polygonum hydropiperoides, Sagittaria montevidensis, Eupatorium spp., Pontederiaceae, Nymphoides indica, Mimosa vellosiella, Vigna luteola, Cleome sp. and Type Solanum glaucophyllum, are suggested as geographical markers. According to the current knowledge, we propose to characterize these honeys considering their geographical origin instead of their botanical origin.

Relative Sensitivity of Wetland Plants to SO2 Pollution

Abstract: Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a major air pollutant and its concentration is increasing in many metropolitan and industrial areas. Identification of SO2 tolerant species that can be used in wetland plantings in those areas is needed. We compared SO2 toxicity and tolerance in 16 wetland herbaceous plants by examining SO2 effects on their photosynthetic apparatus. After leaf sections had been immersed in 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 100 mmol/L NaHSO3 for 20 h, the maximum quantum yield and maximum electron transport rate of all 16 herbaceous plants decreased at different rates with increasing SO2 concentrations, suggesting that photosystem reaction centers were damaged due to SO2 stress, electron transport was inhibited, and photosynthetic efficiency decreased. Species were assigned to two groups, relatively resistant and sensitive, with dendrograms. The relatively resistant species were Typha angustifolia, Arundo donax, Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis, Acorus gramineus, Phragmites australis, Zizania caduciflora, Carex scabrifolia, and Polygonum lapathifolium var. salicifolium. Sensitive species were Cayratia japonica, Eclipta prostrata, Solidago canadensis, Phacelurus latifolius, Scirpus triqueter, Inula linariaefolia, Kalimeris indica, and Alternanthera philoxeroides. Determining sensitivity of different wetland herbaceous plants to SO2 provides basic information for screening suitable species for wetland creation and restoration in urban areas.

Effects of extract of Polygonum multiflorum on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human liver cell line L02.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the chemical constituents of Polygonum multiflorum extract which may cause human liver cell damage and to explore the mechanism. Methods Raw and processed Polygonum multiflorum were extracted by 70% ethanol, then raw and processed Polygonum multiflorum water-eluted material (RW and PW), 50% ethanol-eluted material (R50 and P50) and 95% ethanol-eluted material (R95 and P95) were obtained by absorbing through AB-8 macroporous resin, followed by water, 50% ethanol and 95% ethanol elution in order. The water extracts of raw and processed Polygonum multiflorum (RWE or PWE) were obtained by boiling them in water as usual. Normal human liver L02 cells were treated by different concentrations of eluted Polygonum multiflorum materials for different time, and the cell growth inhibition of each group was determined by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide method. The chemical constituents which had a significant cytotoxicity to L02 cells were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Morphological changes of L02 cells were observed by Giemsa staining and cell cycle distribution was observed by flow cytometry. Results It was found that 95% ethanol-eluted extracts of raw and processed Polygonum multiflorum showed significant growth inhibition on normal human liver L02 cells, while the other components showed no significant inhibition on cell growth. HPLC analysis showed that the main component in 95% ethanol-eluted extract of raw and processed Polygonum multiflorum was emodin at content of (18.53+/-2.96)% and (10.28+/-1.34)% respectively. Cell cycle analysis showed that 95% ethanol-eluted material of Polygonum multiflorum and emodin had a similar significant effect of S phase arrest and all could induce L02 cell apoptosis. Conclusion The main part of Polygonum multiflorum causing liver cell damage is the 95% ethanol-eluted extract, and emodin is one of the important chemical constituents leading to liver cell damage.

Analgesic and diuretic properties of α-santalone from Polygonum flaccidum

Abstract: Polygonum flaccidum Meissn. is an annual herb, native to Bangladesh, and well known for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, purgative and insecticidal properties, and also for its use against snake-bites. The analgesic and the diuretic properties of α-santalone (1), isolated from the aerial parts of Polygonum flaccidum, were assessed by the acetic-acid-induced writhing method and the Lipschitz test, respectively. Complete 1H and 13C NMR data of 1 are also presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Method for processing polygonum multiflorum black sesame oil

Abstract: The invention provides a method for processing polygonum multiflorum black sesame oil, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: cleaning, slicing, steaming, drying, dust scrubbing and sterilizing polygonum multiflorum, then adding the polygonum multiflorum into skimmed hot sesame oil by adding pulp, controlling the temperature and extracting, and finally filtering the mixture, thus obtaining a finished product. In the method, ingredients of lecithin, glucoside and the like in the polygonum multiflorum, which have health care function on a human body, are extracted in sesame oil, thus greatly improving the health care value of the sesame oil when being eaten singly. The method has simple process; and the produced polygonum multiflorum black sesame oil can moisture skin, nourish liver and kidney, benefit essence and blood, has subastringent and flavoring taste, and can be taken as daily appetizer or edible oil, is convenient for eating and has special health care function.

Cytoprotective activities of Polygonum minus aqueous leaf extract on ethanol- induced gastric ulcer in rats. Leaf Extract on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats

Abstract: Polygonum minus is a medicinal plant commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many aliments. The present study was performed to investigate anti-ulcer activity of P. minus aqueous leaf extract (PMALE) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Group 1 rats (ulcer control group) were pre-treated with vehicle (distilled water). Group 2 rats (reference group) were orally pretreated with 20 mg/kg omeprazole. Group 3 and 4 (experimental groups) were orally pre-treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg PMALE, respectively. After one hour later, all groups received absolute ethanol to generate gastric mucosal injury. After an additional hour, all the rats were sacrificed and the gastric juice was collected for determining of pH and mucous weight. The stomachs were examined for gastric ulcer areas. Grossly; the ulcer control group exhibited severe mucosal injury, whereas pre-treatment with either omeprazole or PMALE exhibited significant protection of gastric mucosal injury and increase in mucus production. Flattening of gastric mucosal folds was also observed in rats pretreated with PMALE. Histology, gastric wall of ulcer control group revealed severe damage of gastric mucosa, along with edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer compared to rats pre-treated with either omeprazole or PMALE which showed marked gastric protection, reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer. Acute toxicity study with a higher dose of 5 g/kg did not manifest any toxicological signs in rats. In conclusions, the present finding suggests that PMALE promotes ulcer protection as ascertained by the comparative decreases in ulcer areas, reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer.

Factors influencing the production of stilbenes by the knotweed, Reynoutria × bohemica

Abstract: Japanese knotweed, Reynoutria japonica, is known for its high growth rate, even on adverse substrates, and for containing organic substances that are beneficial to human health. Its hybrid, Reynoutria × bohemica, was described in the Czech Republic in 1983 and has been widespread ever since. We examined whether Reynoutria × bohemica as a medicinal plant providing stilbenes and emodin, can be cultivated in spoil bank substrates and hence in the coalmine spoil banks changed into arable fields. We designed a pot experiment and a field experiment to assess the effects of various factors on the growth efficiency of Reynoutria × bohemica on clayish substrates and on the production of stilbenes and emodin in this plant. In the pot experiment, plants were grown on different substrates that varied in organic matter and nutrient content, namely the content of nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen was also introduced into the substrates by melilot, a leguminous plant with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. Melilot served as a donor of mycorrhizal fungi to knotweed, which did not form any mycorrhiza when grown alone. As expected, the production of knotweed biomass was highest on high-nutrient substrates, namely compost. However, the concentration of the organic constituents studied was higher in plants grown on clayish low-nutrient substrates in the presence of melilot. The content of resveratrol including that of its derivatives, resveratrolosid, piceatannol, piceid and astringin, was significantly higher in the presence of melilot on clay, loess and clayCS. Nitrogen supplied to knotweed by melilot was correlated with the ratio of resveratrol to resveratrol glucosides, indicating that knotweed bestowed some of its glucose production upon covering part of the energy demanded for nitrogen fixation by melilot's rhizobia, and that there is an exchange of organic substances between these two plant species. The three-year field experiment confirmed the ability of Reynoutria × bohemica to grow on vast coalmine spoil banks. The production of this species reached 2.6 t of dry mass per hectare. Relationships between nitrogen, phosphorus, emodin, and belowground knotweed biomass belong to the most interesting results of this study. Compared with melilot absence, its presence increased the number of significant relationships by introducing those of resveratrol and its derivatives, and phosphorus and nitrogen. Knotweed phosphorus was predominantly taken up from the substrate and was negatively correlated with the content of resveratrol and resveratrol derivatives, while knotweed nitrogen was mainly supplied by melilot rhizobia and was positively correlated with the content of resveratrol and resveratrol derivatives.

[Effect of compound Polygonum multiflorum extract on Alzheimer's disease].

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of compound Polygonum multiflorum extract on Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS We collected 209 AD patients, among whom 120 were treated with compound Polygonum multiflorum extract as a treatment group, 60 were treated with Polygonum multiflorum extract as a Chinese herb control group, and 29 were treated with Naofukang as a western medicine control group. The scores for the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Ability of Daily Living Scale (ADL) and the therapeutic effect were assessed and compared before and after the 12 week treatment. RESULTS After the treatment the scores for MMSE and ADL were improved in all groups. The scores of MMSE and ADL in the compound Polygonum multiflorum extract treatment group were significantly improved compared with the Chinese herb control group and the western medicine control group (P < 0.01). The total effective rate of 93.33% in the compound Polygonum multiflorum extract treatment group was better than 73.33% in the Chinese herb control group and 68.97% in the western medicine control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Compound Polygonum multiflorum extract has effect on AD, and it is superior to Polygonum multiflorum extractor Naofukang.

Wild Buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus) Interference in Sugarbeet

Abstract: Field studies were conducted in Powell, WY in 2006 and 2007 to determine the influence of season-long interference of various wild buckwheat densities and duration of interference on sugarbeet. Percent sucrose content was not affected by wild buckwheat interference. Root and sucrose yield loss per hectare increased as wild buckwheat density increased. The estimated percent yield loss as wild buckwheat density approaches infinity was 64 and 61% for root and sucrose yield loss, respectively. The estimated percent yield loss per unit weed density at low weed densities was 6% for both root and sucrose yield loss. Greater durations of wild buckwheat interference had a negative effect on sugarbeet root yield. The critical timing of weed removal (CTWR) to avoid 5 and 10% root yield loss was 32 and 48 d after sugarbeet emergence (DAE), respectively. These results show that wild buckwheat is competitive with sugarbeet and should be managed appropriately to forestall any negative effects on sugarbeet root ...

Pollen morphology of selected Polygonum L. species (Polygonaceae) from Pakistan and its taxonomic significance.

Abstract: Pollen morphology of 12 species belonging to the genus Polygonum L., (Polygonaceae) from Pakistan has been investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. Polygonum L., is an eurypalynous genus and four types of surface ornamentation (granulate, granulate-coarsely reticulate, dimorphic exine and variable pattern of ornamentation in polar and equatorial view) have been observed under scanning electron microscope. The variation in exine ultrastructure makes it possible to distinguish four pollen types (Patulum type, Plebijum type, Cognatum type and Avicularia type). Pollen morphology within the genus proved to be useful for the specific delimitation.

Chemical and Biological Investigation of Leaves of Polygonum plebejum

Abstract: The cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of methanol crude extract and column fractions of the extract of the leaves of P. plebejum were examined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay and disc diffusion method respectively. The extracts showed significant cytotoxic as well as antimicrobial activities. Silica gel column chromatography of methanol extract of P. plebejum afforded a steroid. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis, including 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR and also by comparing with data in the literature. Key words: Polygonum plebejum ; Polygonaceae ; Stigmasterol; Cytotoxicity. DOI: 10.3329/sjps.v2i2.5826 Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.2(2) 2009: 66-71

Anatomical studies of some medicinal plants of family polygonaceae

Abstract: Anatomical studies of the 6 different species of family Polygonaceae viz., Rumex hastatus D. Don, Rumex dentatus Linn, Rumex nepalensis Spreng, Rheum australe D. Don, Polygonum plebejum R. Br and Persicaria maculosa S.F. Gay are presented. The study is based on the presence and absence of epidermis, parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, endodermis, pericycle, xylem, phloem, pith, mesophyll cells and stone cells.

Method for remediating lead-contaminated soil or water

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for remediating lead-contaminated soil or water, which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting Polygonum criopolitanum; (2) planting Polygonum criopolitanum in soil or water; (3) periodically harvesting the Polygonum criopolitanum and part of stolons above the ground or water; (4), continuing to plant and harvest the Polygonum criopolitanum till the lead content of the soil or water reaches a safe standard; and (5) performing pollution-free disposal on the harvested Polygonum criopolitanum. In the method of the invention, the Polygonum criopolitanum is planted in the lead-contaminated soil or water, so extraction can be performed continuously, the remediation process of the soil and water is simplified, and the lead contamination problem of soil can be solved radically. The method of the invention is low in cost and high in maneuverability and avoids damaging the structure of the environmental soil and causing secondary pollution.

In vitro Propagation of Polygonum hydropiper L. from Shoot Tips

Abstract: An efficient protocol for plant regeneration through multiple shoots induction from shoot tips of Polygonum hydropiper (L.) was established. The highest percentage (96.6) of multiple shoot induction and number of shoots (9.0) per culture were found on MS supplemented with 2.0 mg/l Kn. The induced shoots were excised and inoculated on to MS contains different concentrations of IBA or NAA for rooting. The highest percentage (90.0) of root induction and the highest number of roots per shoot (12.0) was found on MS having 1.0 mg/l IBA. Well rooted plantlets were acclimated properly and transplanted in the soil under natural condition, where cent per cent plantlets survived and grew successfully. Key words: Polygonum hydropiper, Shoot tips, In vitro propagation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i1.5970 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20 (1): 73-79, 2010 (June)

Form variability within the Polygonum bistorta pollen type: a comparison between Pliocene and recent material

Abstract: The NAP component in pollen spectra obtained from marine and estuarine Pliocene sediments in northern Iceland reveals an important continuous presence of aberrant Polygonaceae pollen. The pollen grains show the morphology typical of the Polygonum bistorta type but are conspicuously smaller and have only in three out of five cases clear endopori. As the deviation from the normal may be due to the high latitude of the habitat the pollen is compared with recent reference material collected in Iceland and Western Europe. The sizes of recent pollen from Iceland are really found to be smaller than the values found in the literature concerning the Polygonum bistorta-type. The partly absence of endoapertures was not seen in the recent material.

"Flax specialists" - weed species extinct in Poland?

Abstract: The results of a research on segetal weed communities in fibre flax in Poland are presented, with respect to different regions of cultivation, and changes in the level of infestation during the past forty years. Observations on composition and abundance of weed infestations were made in fields in six experimental farms at the Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants. The observations conducted in the period 1967-2008 did not show the occurrence of weed species from the group of so-called “flax specialists”: Lolium remotum Schrank, Spergula arvensis L. subsp. maxima (Weiche) O. Schwarz, Camelina alyssum (Mill.) Thell. and Cuscuta epilinum Weihe Ex Boenn. In Poland, weed populations in fibre flax consist of species typical for cereals and root crops: Chenopodium album L., Polygonum convolvulus L., Viola arvensis Murr., Stellaria media Vill., Lamium amplexicaule L., Thlaspi arvense L., Elymus repens (L.) Gould. and Polygonum nodosum Pers...

Hypolipidemic effect of the polysaccharide from polygonum multiflorum

Abstract: Polygonum multiflorumpolysaccharide was extracted by water and alkaline respectively,and the study of PMP on the serum total cholesterol(TC),triglycerids(TG),high density lipoproteincholesterol(HDL-C)and the weight of body,heart,liver and kidney and lipoprotein lipase(LPL),hepatic lipase(HL),and total lipase(LA)were investigated in artificially-induced hyperlipemial ICR mice.The results showed the mean values of serum TC,TG and AI concentrations decreased significantly(P0.05)while HDL-C,LPL,HL and LA concentration increased significantly(P0.05) which meant PMP had significant effects of hypolipidemic effect in experimental hyperlipemial mice.

Study on lignans of Polygonum capitatum

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To study the lignan of Polygonum capitatum. METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified by using of SiO2, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and pre-HPLC. The structures of the compounds were determined on the basis of their physical properties and the spectral data. RESULTS Four compounds were isolated and identified as schizandriside (1), (-)-isolariciresinol-2a-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (2), (-) -5 '-methoxyisolariciresinol-2a-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (3) and nudiposide (4). CONCLUSION Compounds 1 - 4 are isolated from the genus for the first time.

Comparative Study on Acute Toxicity of Different Components of Polygonum multiflorum in Mice

Abstract: Objective To compare the acute toxicity of different components from Polygonum multiflorum in mice and make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity to Polygonum multiflorum in order to provide experimental data for safe use in clinical.Methods Respectively prepare the all components,water extraction components,alcohol extraction components,and compare the acute toxicity of different components in Polygonum multiflorum on mice in accordance with classical acute toxicity test methods.Results The acute toxicity of different components in Polygonum multiflorum on mice is: all componentsalcohol extraction componentswater extraction components.The all components,water extraction components,alcohol extraction components in Polygonum multiflorum are unable to make LD50,MTD results calculated in accordance with crude drug content were respectively 20.0g·kg-1·d-1,98.4g·kg-1·d-1 and 78.0g·kg-1·d-1,which is equal to 116.7 times,574.0 times and 455.0 times of 70 kg people's daily dried medicinal herb expenses.Diarrhea and hypokinesia were the main acute toxicial symptoms.Conclusion The Polygonum multiflorum has certain toxicity,which is consistent with the clinical adverse effect.By comparing the acute toxicity of different components in Polygonum multiflorum,it is beneficial to make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity to Polygonum multiflorum and provide experimental basis for further toxicity-based toxical substances.The toxical components and toxical mechanism should be researched fourthly.

Progress on Chemical Constituents and Analytical Methods of Polygonum capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don

Abstract: Referring to the recent pertinent literature,this article reviews the chemical constituents and analytical methods of Polygonum capitatum Buch.-Ham.ex D.Don,which provides the reference for the further study of this plant and the quality control of it preparations.