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Showing papers on "Polymer blend published in 1971"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the heat of solution of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinyl acetate) systems at 28°C and found that the absolute value for the blend prepared by freeze drying, which is thought to be molecularly mixed, was smaller than the blend, which shows partial phase separation.
Abstract: Heats of solution of blended and non-blended systems of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly (vinyl acetate) were measured at 28°C. From the difference between them the heat of blending was estimated according to Hess’s law. The absolute value for the blend prepared by freeze drying, which is thought to be molecularly mixed, was smaller than that for the blend, which shows partial phase separation. This unexpected result is explained by the differences of specific heat behaviour between the systems.

38 citations


Patent
23 Dec 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a process for obtaining homogeneous polymer compositions containing at least one olefin polymer and/or one arylvinyl polymer is described, and the process consists of adding, to either or to a mixture of both of these polymers, one or more block copolymers, containing one polyolefin and one polyarylvinyl sequence.
Abstract: This invention concerns a process for obtaining homogeneous polymer compositions containing at least one olefin polymer and/or one arylvinyl polymer. The process consists of adding, to either or to a mixture of both of these polymers, one or more block copolymers, containing one polyolefin and one polyarylvinyl sequence. These polymer compositions provide homogeneous substances with properties combining those of the individual polymers, and in some mixtures these properties are considerably improved as the result of synergic phenomena.

26 citations


Patent
24 Mar 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described a process of producing ultrafine porous polymer articles, where a solid body of a crystalline thermoplastic polymer exhibiting at least 70 percent crystallinity or a mixture of such thermoplastastic polymers and polymers with up to 65% crystallinity is formed by heating at a temperature of at least in its melting temperature range.
Abstract: Solid, ultrafine porous polymer articles and processes of producing such polymer articles are described wherein a solid body of a crystalline thermoplastic polymer exhibiting at least 70 percent crystallinity or blends of such crystalline thermoplastic polymers and thermoplastic polymers exhibiting up to 65 percent crystallinity where the latter polymer is present in an amount up to 50 weight percent of the crystalline polymer is heated at a temperature of at least in its melting temperature range, a benzoate salt is incorporated therein forming a composite body, the composite body is shaped at a temperature in the range of the initial heating temperature of the polymer, the shaped composite body is cooled to room temperature forming a solid composite body, and the salt is dissolved from the solid composite body leaving the polymer as an ultrafine porous article.

25 citations


Patent
10 Mar 1971
TL;DR: A process for increasing the whiteness of a filament extruded from a polymer blend comprised of polyester and polyamide which comprises incorporating in the polymer blend prior to extrusion thereof a small amount of an organic phosphorus compound which can be an organic phosphite, phosphinate, phosphate, polymeric phosphite or polymeric phosphate, the corresponding acid, or mixtures thereof is described in this paper.
Abstract: A process for increasing the whiteness of a filament extruded from a polymer blend comprised of polyester and polyamide which comprises incorporating in the polymer blend prior to extrusion thereof a small amount of an organic phosphorus compound which can be an organic phosphite, phosphinate, phosphate, polymeric phosphite, polymeric phosphate, the corresponding acid, or mixtures thereof.

23 citations


Patent
I Heijo1, H Nagamatsu1, H Wada1, S Wakamatsu1
24 May 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a synthetic writing sheet was made from a LINEAR POLYESTER and a high POLYMER with a higher transition point than that of the LINEAR PYESTER by mixing them UNIFORMLY.
Abstract: SYNTHETIC WRITING SHEET MADE FROM A LINEAR POLYESTER AND A HIGH POLYMER HAVING A HIGHER GLASS TRANSITION POINT THAN THAT OF THE LINEAR POLYESTER BY MIXING THEM UNIFORMLY, FORMING THE POLYMER MIXTURE INTO FILM, AND STRETCHING THE FILM.

15 citations


Patent
J Teti1, J Violette1
10 Jun 1971
TL;DR: A MICROPOROUS PARTICULATE THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER COMPOSITION is PREPARED by MIXing a THMOPlastic POLYmer COMPosITION with HEXAFLUOROISOPROPANOL, CONTACTing the MIXTure in a Stream with a Stream of STEAM where by HEX A FLUOR OISOPRONOL is SUBSTANTIALLY INSTantically Exporated and the POLY MERCYMER Compositions is OBTAINED as
Abstract: A MICROPOROUS PARTICULATE THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER COMPOSITION IS PREPARED BY MIXING A THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER COMPOSITION WITH HEXAFLUOROISOPROPANOL, CONTACTING THE MIXTURE IN A STREAM WITH A STREAM OF STEAM WHEREBY HEXAFLUOROISOPROPANOL IS SUBSTANTIALLY INSTANTLY EVAPORATED AND THE POLYMER COMPOSITION IS OBTAINED AS MICROPOROUS PARTICULATE POLYMER COMPOSITION. THE POLYMER COMPOSITION MAY BE A THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER, A MIXTURE OF THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS, OR THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER CONTAINING ADDITIVES SUCH AS COLORANT COMPOSITION, LUBRICANTS, PLASTICIZERS, STABILIZERS, ET. THE MICROPOROUS PARTICULATE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS ARE USEFUL IN COMPOUNDING WITH ADDITIONAL POLYMER AND IN FORMING SHAPED POLYMER ARTICLES.

11 citations


Patent
07 Jan 1971
TL;DR: Heat resistant compositions comprising a blend or mixture of petrolatum and a partially cross-linked polymer such as p-tertiary-butylstyrene polymer crosslinked with dinvinylbenzene, are particularly useful as filler materials in cables such as communication cables as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Heat resistant compositions comprising a blend or mixture of petrolatum and a partially cross-linked polymer such as p-tertiary-butylstyrene polymer cross-linked with dinvinylbenzene, which can also contain a multitude of hollow particles of a synthetic thermoplastic polymer such as a copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile, are particularly useful as filler materials in cables such as communication cables

11 citations


Patent
06 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this article, at least two Layers of NORMALLY IncomPATIBLE POLYMERS are discussed, one of which is a HIGHLY HYDROGEN BONDED POLYMER, SUCH AS CELLULOSE, and the other one is a THERMOPLASTIC POLYmer SUCH as POLYETHYLENT.
Abstract: THE LAMMINATION OF AT LEAST TWO LAYERS OF NORMALLY INCOMPATIBLE POLYMERS IS DISCLOSED. ONE OF THE POLYMERS IS A HIGHLY HYDROGEN BONDED POLYMER, SUCH AS CELLULOSE, AAND THE OTHER POLYMER IS A THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER, SUCH AS POLYETHYLENT. LAMINATION IS ACCOMPLISHED BY CONTACTING THE OPPOSING SURFACES OF THE LAYERS IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID OR ANHYDRIDE, SUCH AS MALEIC ANHYDRIDE AND A FREE RADIAL INITITAOR. THE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE THEREBY REACTS WITH THE SURFACES AND COUPLES THE TWO LAYERS TOGETHER, FORMING A BOND THEREBETWEEN.

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Kenkichi Murakami1, Katsumichi Ono1, Katsuo Shiia1, Taku Ueno1, Masato Matsuo1 
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the molecular weight distribution on the shape of the relaxation spectrum is discussed, and the texture of the rubbery regions is characterized by a step-like shape.
Abstract: The stress relaxation measurements of some blended polystyrenes were carried out. The blended polymers constructed from monodisperse polystyrenes with different molecular weights were used for this purpose. The effect of the molecular weight distribution on the shape of the relaxation spectrum is discussed. The rubbery regions of the relaxation spectra were characterized by a step-like shape if the molecular weight of each polymer component was larger than the critical molecular weight Mc. The molecular weight dependences of various viscoelastic parameters were examined. As for monodisperse polystyrenes, clear relations between the maximum relaxation time : τm, the steady flow viscosity ηt, and the molecular weight were observed, while for blended polystyrenes these relations showed some deviations. On the other hand, the viscoelastic parameters may be closely related to one another by the same equations in the cases of both the monodisperse and blended polystyrenes.

9 citations


Patent
05 Mar 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a mix-ture of a POLYMER MIXTURE in SOLUTION in a SUITABLE SOLVENT (SISV).
Abstract: POLYMER-METAL LAMINATE COMPOSITES HAVING IMPROVED ADHESION BETWEEN METALLIC AND POLYMER LAMINAE, THE POLYMER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A MIXTURE OF A POLYIMIDE AND A POLYIMIDE CONTAINING AMIDE GROUPS ALONG THE BACKBONE OF THE POLYMER CHAIN; AND COMPOSITIONS ADAPTED TO MAKING SUCH LAMINATES, CONTAINING THE SAID POLYMER MIXTURE IN SOLUTION IN A SUITABLE SOLVENT.

6 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the change of the mixing state of polybutadiene rubber and polyolefin resins resulting from remilling and heat treatment was studied, and it was shown that the intrinsic nature of a heterogeneous blend system also appears in a microheterogeneous polymer blend system.
Abstract: The change of the mixing state of polybutadiene rubber–polyolefin resin blend resulting from remilling and heat treatment was studied. Polyolfin resins studied here were high-pressure polyethylene, low-pressure polyethylene, and polypropylene. As in case of polybutadiene rubber–general purpose polystyrene resin blend, we made use of the results obtained through hardness and compression modulus measurement and microscopic observation. Even in case of polybutadiene rubber–polyolefin resin blend, the change of mixing state and the softening phenomenon by remilling were observed. The hardening phenomenon by heat treatment of the sample softened by remilling was also observed at high polyolefin resin content. But at low polyolefin resin content, the hardness which had increased once often decreased as the heat treating time increased, and in some cases the nonremilled sample was observed to soften with heat treatment. These phenomena attendant on heat treatment show that the intrinsic nature of a heterogeneous blend system also appears in a microheterogeneous polymer blend system.


Patent
23 Aug 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is prepared by partially polymerizing a VH monomer at a first reaction temperature, and then changing the reaction temperature and continuing the polymerization at a second temperature conducive to forming a polymer of an average molecular weight range different from that obtainable at the first this paper.
Abstract: Vinyl halide polymers, preferably polyvinyl chloride, which exhibit improved processing characteristics without sacrificing physical properties are prepared by partially polymerizing vinyl halide monomer at a first reaction temperature and then changing the reaction temperature and continuing the polymerization at a second temperature conducive to forming a polymer of an average molecular weight range different from that obtainable at the first reaction temperature. The product provides the physical characteristics of polymer blends but can be processed without formation of fish eyes.

Patent
17 May 1971
TL;DR: A VULCANIZABLE ELASTOMER COMPOSITION COMPRISING at LEAST one POLYMERIZed ELastomeric ESTER of ACRYLIC ACID HAVING A WEIGHT PERCENT IN the RANGE of about 50 TO about 95, the ESTER MOIETY THEREOF BEING AN ALKYL RADICAL In the Rrange of 1-10 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE and ANOTHER CONSTITUENT HAVing A Weigh PERCENT in the R
Abstract: A VULCANIZABLE ELASTOMER COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE POLYMERIZED ELASTOMERIC ESTER OF ACRYLIC ACID HAVING A WEIGHT PERCENT IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 50 TO ABOUT 95, THE ESTER MOIETY THEREOF BEING AN ALKYL RADICAL IN THE RANGE OF 1-10 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE AND ANOTHER CONSTITUENT HAVING A WEIGHT PERCENT IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 50 AND BEING ONE OF A HOMOPOLYMER OF BUTADIENE OR A COPOLYMER OF BUTADIENE-STYRENE.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, diffusion rates were measured in practical elastomeric compounds of high oil concentration, and in ELastomer compounds based on blended polymers, using carbon-14 labelled aromatic extender oil as a penetrant species.
Abstract: Using carbon-14 labelled aromatic extender oil as a penetrant species, diffusion rates were measured in practical elastomeric compounds of high oil concentration, and in elastomer compounds based on blended polymers. These results, combined with earlier data, allow the calculation of the locus of oil during the service life of the rubber product. Increasing the concentration of oil increases the rate of diffusion of oil. Butyl rubber was the most sensitive to this effect, albeit the slowest in rate of migration, with a 2-fold increase in migration rate over the range of oil concentration of 2–27%, followed by polybutadiene, 1.53; natural rubber, 1.27; and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, 1.26, and SBR, 1.00. Polymer blends display no synergism in their effect on diffusion; the diffusivity of oil in the blends was predicted exactly by the weighted average of polymer composition. Further studies of the effect of dynamic flexing indicated that, at constant temperature, static and dynamic conditions ...


Patent
24 May 1971
TL;DR: A polymer blend alloy comprising polychloral and an elastomer is described in this paper, characterized by the presence of a single solid phase when viewed under an optical microscope at a magnification of 1,000 times and is particularly tough and durable.
Abstract: A polymer blend alloy comprising polychloral and an elastomer is disclosed. The polymer blend alloy is characterized by the presence of a single solid phase when viewed under an optical microscope at a magnification of 1,000 times and is particularly tough and durable. This chloral polymer is produced by polymerizing chloral in the presence of a dissolved elastomer.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the softening phenomenon by remilling of uncured blends of various commercia styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber with general-purpose polystyrene resin was mainly studied by examining the blend ratio dependence of hardness and compression modulus, with special attention to the state of dispersion of polymers.
Abstract: The softening phenomenon by remilling of uncured blends of various commercia styrene—butadiene copolymer rubber (styrene content, 235 to 48 wt-%, styrene block 0 to 18 wt-%) with general-purpose polystyrene resin was mainly studied by examining the blend ratio dependence of hardness and compression modulus (in logarithmic form), with special attention to the state of dispersion of the polymers It was found that the blend of styrene—butadiene copolymer rubber with general-purpose polystyrene resin forms a microheterogeneous polymer blend system and that the hardness and the compression modulus change in S-shaped curves versus blend ratio However, the degree of softening phenomenon by remilling (roll surface temperature, 70°–90°C) was found to be different for the two blend systems, ie, random styrene—butadiene copolymer rubber and block styrene—butadiene copolymer rubber The softening phenomenon is more pronounced in random-type rubbers; and in some block-type rubbers, no softening phenomenon was observed The influence of the styrene content of the polymer is small Further discussions have shown us that the strong interaction between the polystyrene block of the copolymer and the styrene homopolymer of the general-purpose polystyrene resin controls the state of dispersion of polymers thereby causing this difference in the softening phenomena among the different kinds of styrene—butadiene copolymer rubbers


Patent
21 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a modification of the chemical inhomogeneity of macromolecular materials is proposed, which results in product with closely defined chemical inhOMogeneity which is normally achieved only by complicated polymerisation or other reaction methods.
Abstract: Modification of the chemical inhomogeneity of macromolecular materials. To a soln. in a solvent or solvent mixture of the macromolecular material are added one or more polymers which are soluble in the solvent (mixture), in an amount above the compatibility limit of the polymer mixture; the layers forming by subsequent phase separation are separated from one another; and the polymers dissolved therein are isolated by concentration of the solutions or pptn. by mans of a suitable pptng. agent. The process results in manufacture of product with closely defined chemical inhomogeneity which is normally achieved only by complicated polymerisation or other reaction methods.