Showing papers on "Polymer nanocomposite published in 2022"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed to improve the energy density of a polyetherimide (PEI) by introducing double gradients into the microstructure, which can effectively enhance the breakdown strength.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed to improve the energy density of a polymer nanocomposite by introducing double gradients into the microstructure, which can simultaneously increase the breakdown strength and dielectric constant of composites.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a review of the recent advances in PVDF-based piezoelectric nanogenerators using graphene-based filler, followed by the discussion based on the addition of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its co-polymers.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, hybrid semi-conductive nanofillers with MoS2 two-dimensional (2-D) nanosheets and ZnO zero-dimensional nanoparticles in different ratios were fabricated by the wet chemical route and ultrasonic mixing.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , hybrid semi-conductive nanofillers with MoS2 two-dimensional (2-D) nanosheets and ZnO zero-dimensional nanoparticles in different ratios were fabricated by the wet chemical route and ultrasonic mixing.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a composite comprising polyimide (PI) dielectric polymers blended with high-insulation magnesium oxide (MgO) nano-filler is reported.
Abstract: High‐temperature performance is critical to the dielectric polymer capacitors used in environment electronic and high‐power applications. Here, the authors report a composite comprising polyimide (PI) dielectric polymers blended with high‐insulation magnesium oxide (MgO) nano‐filler that exhibits high breakdown strength, wide temperature range, and low dielectric loss. However, most dielectric polymers possess excellent energy storage properties at room temperature and cannot be used at high temperatures above 100 °C. Polyimide dielectric nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization, which are composed of easily prepared MgO fillers, have different morphologies, such as nanoparticles (0D), nanowires (1D), and nanoplates (2D). The experimental results show that the insulation behavior and breakdown strength of polymer composites are closely related to the morphology of MgO fillers, and the rationality of this conclusion is further proved by finite‐element simulation results. The polymer composites containing ultra‐low content (0.5 vol%) MgO nanosheets produce an ultra‐high capacitance performance, that is, the discharge energy density is 4.78 J cm−3 at 150 °C, which is significantly better than the most reported dielectric polymers and nanocomposites.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the electrical properties of composite films have been explored including dielectric permittivity, losses, energy density, and efficiency, as well as finite element analysis.
Abstract: Dielectric polymer nanocomposite materials with great energy density and efficiency look promising for a variety applications. This review presents the research on Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer and copolymer nanocomposites that are used in energy storage applications such as capacitors, supercapacitors, pulse power energy storage, electric vehicles, energy harvesting, etc. It mainly focuses on the electrical characteristics of the composite film materials with various types of filler. The electrical properties of the composite films have been explored including dielectric permittivity, dielectric loss, dielectric breakdown strength, energy density, and efficiency, as well as finite element analysis. Nanomaterials with surface modification can improve the electrical properties of the composites. Recently, compared to two-phase nanocomposites and three-phase nanocomposites, the multilayer nanocomposites with either combination of fillers and polymers aid to enhance electrical characteristics even more. The various materials used in supercapacitors are studied. It is observed that the usage of PVDF-based polymer composites in energy storage devices is very prospective, and future research into innovative polymer composites and ways to enhance their properties might be considerable.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a core-shell nanofibers constituted by single element-doped BaTiO3 are prepared as fillers, which integrate relatively high permittivity and breakdown strength, helping to obtain high discharge energy density.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the mechanical and thermal properties of sepiolite-loaded polymer nanocomposites is presented, which mainly depend on filler content, matrix, bond interaction, shape, and size of the particles.
Abstract: Sepiolite (Si12Mg8O30(OH,F)4].(H2O)4·8H2O) is a valuable filler with an enormous capacity to be used in thermoplastic composites, substituting costly reinforcing fillers, such as graphene and CNTs. Sepiolite strengthened polymers nanocomposite materials have encouraged the field of research and ventures because of their strengthening ability and bio-compatibility in polymer composites. Sepiolite shows remarkable characteristics over various fillers due to its higher specific surface area and channel type structure. Numerous investigations were performed to decide different properties of Sepiolite strengthened polymer composites in various applications, for example, tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, stiffness, thermal, flammability, thermo-mechanical, and morphological. This review paper focuses on the mechanical and thermal properties of sepiolite strengthened polymer nanocomposites. Generally, it can be determined that the properties of sepiolite loaded thermoplastic polymer composites mainly depend on filler content, matrix, bond interaction, shape, size of sepiolite particles. Further assessment and development are required to expand its utilization in several applications. These comprise the utilization of nano-size sepiolite made synthetically as functionalized filler in thermoplastics.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of the mechanical and thermal properties of sepiolite-loaded polymer nanocomposites is presented, focusing on the tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, stiffness, thermal, flammability, and morphological properties.
Abstract: Sepiolite (Si12Mg8O30(OH,F)4].(H2O)4·8H2O) is a valuable filler with an enormous capacity to be used in thermoplastic composites, substituting costly reinforcing fillers, such as graphene and CNTs. Sepiolite strengthened polymers nanocomposite materials have encouraged the field of research and ventures because of their strengthening ability and bio-compatibility in polymer composites. Sepiolite shows remarkable characteristics over various fillers due to its higher specific surface area and channel type structure. Numerous investigations were performed to decide different properties of Sepiolite strengthened polymer composites in various applications, for example, tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, stiffness, thermal, flammability, thermo-mechanical, and morphological. This review paper focuses on the mechanical and thermal properties of sepiolite strengthened polymer nanocomposites. Generally, it can be determined that the properties of sepiolite loaded thermoplastic polymer composites mainly depend on filler content, matrix, bond interaction, shape, size of sepiolite particles. Further assessment and development are required to expand its utilization in several applications. These comprise the utilization of nano-size sepiolite made synthetically as functionalized filler in thermoplastics.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a multifunctional composite that effectively combines the outstanding EMI shielding, electrical conductivity mechanical flexibility and magnetic properties of hybrid polymer nanocomposite systems for wearable electronics is presented.
TL;DR: In this paper , a combination of dopamine functionalized MAX (Ti3AlC2) nanosheets and a polyimide (PI) matrix offers a feasible strategy to prepare high-temperature polymer nanocomposites with improved dielectric and thermal performances.
Abstract: High-temperature dielectric polymers have a broad application space in film capacitors for high-temperature electrostatic energy storage. However, low permittivity, low energy density and poor thermal conductivity of high-temperate polymer dielectrics constrain their application in the harsh-environment electronic devices, especially under elevated temperatures. Here, the combination of dopamine functionalized MAX (Ti3AlC2) nanosheets and a polyimide (PI) matrix offers a feasible strategy to prepare high-temperature polymer nanocomposites with improved dielectric and thermal performances. The surface functionalized MAX nanosheets with dopamine has guaranteed both the increase of dielectric constant and breakdown strength, leading to improved energy storage capability. As a result, the nanocomposite with 3 wt % functionalized MAX exhibits an enhanced energy density of 2.60 J/cm3 at 30 °C, and the nanocomposite with 1 wt % fillers possess an energy density of 1.19 J/cm3 at 100 °C, more than 1.32 and 1.18 times that of neat PI films (1.97 J/cm3 at 30 °C and 1.01 J/cm3 at 100 °C). In addition, an improved in-plane thermal conductivity of 0.55 W/(m·K) is obtained for PI based nanocomposite with 7 wt % [email protected], which is much higher than that of pure polymer (0.18 W/(m·K)). Our results show that surface modified MAX nanosheets can be used to construct polymer-based nanocomposites with excellent high-temperature energy storage capability and thermal properties.
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of shape memory polymer (SMP)/graphene nanocomposites is presented, in which the fabrication, properties, actuation ways, and relevance of the SMP/graphenes are discussed.
Abstract: Abstract Graphene is one of most exceptional type of nanocarbon. It is a two-dimensional, one atom thick, nanosheet of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. Graphene has been employed as nanofiller for shape memory polymeric nanocomposites due to outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, flexibility, and thermal stability characteristics. Consequently, graphene nanostructures have been reinforced in the polymer matrices to attain superior structural, physical, and shape recovery properties. This review basically addresses the important class of shape memory polymer (SMP)/graphene nanocomposites. This assessment is revolutionary to portray the scientific development and advancement in the field of polymer and graphene-based shape memory nanocomposites. In SMP/graphene nanocomposites, polymer shape has been fixed at above transition temperature and then converted to memorized shape through desired external stimuli. Presence of graphene has caused fast switching of temporary shape to original shape in polymer/graphene nanocomposites. In this regard, better graphene dispersion, interactions between matrix-nanofiller, and well-matched interface formation leading to high performance stimuli-responsive graphene derived nanocomposites, have been described. Incidentally, the fabrication, properties, actuation ways, and relevance of the SMP/graphene nanocomposite have been discussed here. The potential applications of these materials have been perceived for the aerospace/automotive components, self-healing nanocomposites, textiles, civil engineering, and biomaterials. Graphical abstract
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented on the preparation of graphene-based polymeric nanocomposite materials by use of synthetic approaches involving aqueous emulsions of polymer (nano)particles.
TL;DR: In this article , a spider-silk-inspired design of nanocomposite polymers with potassium titanate (K2Ti6O13) nanofiber dopants is proposed for enhancing the durability without compromising their cooling performance.
Abstract: Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) materials, that strongly reflect sunlight and emit thermal radiation to outer space, demonstrate great potential in energy‐saving for sustainable development. Particularly, polymer‐based PDRC materials, with advantages of easy‐processing, low cost, and outstanding cooling performance, have attracted intense attention. However, just like other polymer devices (for example polymer solar cells) working under sunlight, the issue of durability related to mechanical and UV properties needs to be addressed for large‐scale practical applications. Here, a spider‐silk‐inspired design of nanocomposite polymers with potassium titanate (K2Ti6O13) nanofiber dopants is proposed for enhancing the durability without compromising their cooling performance. The formed tough interface of nanofiber/polymer effectively disperses stress, enhancing the mechanical properties of the polymer matrix; while the K2Ti6O13 can absorb high‐energy UV photons and transform them into less harmful heat, thereby improving the UV stabilities. Taking poly(ethylene oxide) radiative cooler as an example for demonstration, its Young's modulus and UV resistance increase by 7 and 12 times, respectively. Consequently, the solar reflectance of nanocomposite poly(ethylene oxide) is maintained as constant in a continuous aging test for 720 h under outdoor sunlight. The work provides a general strategy to simultaneously enhance both the mechanical stability and the UV durability of polymer‐based PDRC materials toward large‐scale applications.
TL;DR: In this article , the properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) filled with varying concentrations of BaTiO3 nanoparticles were investigated.
Abstract: Solution casting and ultrasonic‐assisted solution‐cast methods were used to create polymer nanocomposites films based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) filled with varying concentrations of BaTiO3 nanoparticles. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR), transmission electron microscope, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the properties of the produced polymer nanocomposite samples. The properties of PVA/PVP‐BaTiO3 nanocomposites, such as ac conductivity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss, were investigated as a function of BaTiO3 concentration. XRD measurements demonstrate that the pure polymer blend is semi‐crystalline and that the crystallinity degree (Xc) of the doped PVA/PVP mix films is lower than that of the pure blend. Significant variations in the FT‐IR spectra demonstrate the interaction between the BaTiO3 ions and the PVA/PVP matrix. The DSC analysis demonstrates that the PVA/PVP has a single glass transition temperature (Tg), showing that the two polymers are miscible. In addition, when the amount of BaTiO3 NP's increased, the Tg of the nanocomposite films decreased. The AC conductivity spectra of all samples obey Jonscher's power law. For a better understanding of charge storage characteristics and conductivity relaxation, dielectric constant and loss investigations have been carried out. The PVA/PVP mixed with 1.5 wt% BaTiO3 nanofiller achieves a maximum ionic conductivity of ~8.57 × 10−5 S/cm. In this investigation, which introduced a novel approach, the complex permittivity revealed that the real part value of the dielectric constant (ε′) for all samples was much bigger than the imaginary part (ε″) value. These results are predicted to have a significant influence on a variety of applications, including polymer organic semiconductors, energy storage, polymer solar cells, and nanoelectronics.
TL;DR: In this paper , a comprehensive review is presented on the preparation of graphene-based polymeric nanocomposite materials by use of synthetic approaches involving aqueous emulsions of polymer (nano)particles.
TL;DR: In this paper , a series of alkylated-reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with designed size were prepared and incorporated in thermoplastic polymer by melting blend, and the RGO endows the polymer matrix with obvious enhancement in terms of mechanical properties and AO resistance.
Abstract: Polymer-based nanocomposites have exhibited the potential application prospects in spacecraft serving in low earth orbits (LEO) for preventing atomic oxygen (AO) erosion. However, the high-performance AO-resistance polymer nanocomposites remains a big challenge due to the lack of knowledge of the protection mechanism and the advanced composite technology. The theoretical calculation (DFT) results demonstrate that the defective graphene (DG) owns lower binding activation energy with AO compared with pure graphene and polymer matrix, which is beneficial to protect the polymer matrix from AO erosion as a nano-filler. Herein, a series alkylated DG (alkylated-reduced graphene oxide, RGO) with designed size were prepared and incorporated in thermoplastic polymer by melting blend, and the RGO endows the polymer matrix with obvious enhancement in terms of mechanical properties and AO resistance. Moreover, the liner structure–performance relationship of polypropylene/RGO composites was established after proposing a quantitative model of RGO aspect ratio and further fitting the enhancement quantity with RGO aspect ratio.
TL;DR: In this article , a large-scale and low-cost liquid exfoliation method was used to obtain a high thermal conductivity of 0.73 W/mK at 5 wt% loading.
TL;DR: In this paper, the physicochemical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/NiO/GQDs (PNG) nanocomposite films were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).
TL;DR: In this paper , boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) layers are utilized for substantially improving the electrical energy storage capability of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite.
Abstract: Dielectric polymer nanocomposites are considered as one of the most promising candidates for high-power-density electrical energy storage applications. Inorganic nanofillers with high insulation property are frequently introduced into fluoropolymer to improve its breakdown strength and energy storage capability. Normally, inorganic nanofillers are thought to introducing traps into polymer matrix to suppress leakage current. However, how these nanofillers effect the leakage current is still unclear. Meanwhile, high dopant (> 5 vol%) is prerequisite for distinctly improved energy storage performance, which severely deteriorates the processing and mechanical property of polymer nanocomposites, hence brings high technical complication and cost. Herein, boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) layers are utilized for substantially improving the electrical energy storage capability of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite. Results reveal that the high conduction band minimum of BNNS produces energy barrier at the interface of adjacent layers, preventing the electron in PVDF from passing through inorganic layers, leading to suppressed leakage current and superior breakdown strength. Accompanied by improved Young's modulus (from 1.2 GPa of PVDF to 1.6 GPa of nanocomposite), significantly boosted discharged energy density (14.3 J cm-3) and charge-discharge efficiency (75%) are realized in multilayered nanocomposites, which are 340 and 300% of PVDF (4.2 J cm-3, 25%). More importantly, thus remarkably boosted energy storage performance is accomplished by marginal BNNS. This work offers a new paradigm for developing dielectric nanocomposites with advanced energy storage performance.
TL;DR: In this article , a critical overview of recent research advances and important insights in understanding the matrix/particle interfacial characteristics in polymer nanocomposite dielectrics is presented, with a focus on the characterization capabilities of each strategy or technique that other approaches cannot compete with.
Abstract: Polymer nanocomposite dielectrics possess exceptional electric properties that are absent in the pristine dielectric polymers. The matrix/particle interface in polymer nanocomposite dielectrics is suggested to play decisive roles on the bulk material performance. Herein, we present a critical overview of recent research advances and important insights in understanding the matrix/particle interfacial characteristics in polymer nanocomposite dielectrics. The primary experimental strategies and state-of-the-art characterization techniques for resolving the local property-structure correlation of the matrix/particle interface are dissected in depth, with a focus on the characterization capabilities of each strategy or technique that other approaches cannot compete with. Limitations to each of the experimental strategy are evaluated as well. In the last section of this Review, we summarize and compare the three experimental strategies from multiple aspects and point out their advantages and disadvantages, critical issues, and possible experimental schemes to be established. Finally, the authors' personal viewpoints regarding the challenges of the existing experimental strategies are presented, and potential directions for the interface study are proposed for future research.
TL;DR: In this paper, the various production techniques for polymer-based graphene derivative nanocomposites in electrochemical glucose detection are discussed, and a detailed analysis of their performance is presented.
TL;DR: In this paper , a multiscale modeling framework was proposed to predict the fracture toughness enhancement of polymer nanocomposites due to interfacial debonding and subsequent plastic nanovoid growth mechanisms.
01 Apr 2022
TL;DR: In this article , a solution casting method was used to construct a rod-like structure with porous morphology of polymer nanocomposites for a supercapacitor with NiCoFe2O4 (NCF) nanoparticles in polymer blended electrode and 99.39% of columbic efficiency.
Abstract: Renewable energy storage is very important and needs of the day for all handy electronic devices. Hybrid polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) have attracted great attention recently, for these applications. In the present work, nanostructure nickel-cobalt ferrite (NiCoFe2O4) dispersed Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ Poly(vinyl) pyrrolidone (PVP) nanocomposites have been prepared by a simple solution casting method. Structural studies of prepared polymer nanocomposites have been established by X-ray diffraction analysis. The presence of functional and vibrational groups of polymer nanocomposites have been identified using FTIR spectroscopy. The surface characteristics of prepared PNCs have been obtained as a non-uniform rod-like structure with porous morphology in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Temperature dependent dielectric and electronic spectral studies have been investigated. The electrochemical characteristics such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been analyzed. This study resulted in maximum specific capacitance as 13.49 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 for 1 wt.% of NiCoFe2O4 (NCF) nanoparticles in polymer blended electrode and 99.39% of columbic efficiency. The supercapacitor with NCF loaded PVA/PVP as electrode is introducing an excellent prospective for practical supercapacitors owing to high surface area, good energy density and power density.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors studied the role of particle mobility in the polymer melting process and showed that small, mobile spherical NPs (typically smaller than 100 nm in size) can dramatically affect the nucleation and crystallization of the matrix.
01 Sep 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors reviewed the disentanglement and surface modification of MWCNTs as well as the properties of the resulting polymer nanocomposites, and the limitations, current challenges and future prospects are provided.
Abstract: Featuring exceptional mechanical and functional performance, MWCNTs and graphene (nano)platelets (GNPs or GnPs; each platelet below 10 nm in thickness) have been increasingly used for the development of polymer nanocomposites. Since MWCNTs are now cost-effective at US$30 per kg for industrial applications, this work starts by briefly reviewing the disentanglement and surface modification of MWCNTs as well as the properties of the resulting polymer nanocomposites. GNPs can be made through the thermal treatment of graphite intercalation compounds followed by ultrasonication; GNPs would have lower cost yet higher electrical conductivity over 1,400 S cm−1 than MWCNTs. Through proper surface modification and compounding techniques, both types of fillers can reinforce or toughen polymers and simultaneously add anti-static performance. A high ratio of MWCNTs to GNPs would increase the synergy for polymers. Green, solvent-free systhesis methods are desired for polymer nanocomposites. Perspectives on the limitations, current challenges and future prospects are provided.
TL;DR: In this article , hypercrosslinked polymer/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites with large surface area and enhanced microwave absorption ability were synthesized by using Friedel-Crafts reactions.