Topic
Polymer nanocomposite
About: Polymer nanocomposite is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8977 publications have been published within this topic receiving 297599 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the unique nanostructures of water-in-oil (W/O), oil-inwater (O/W) and bicontinuous microemulsions have been used for the syntheses of some organic and inorganic nanomaterials.
Abstract: This review describes how the unique nanostructures of water-in-oil (W/O), oil-in-water (O/W) and bicontinuous microemulsions have been used for the syntheses of some organic and inorganic nanomaterials. Polymer nanoparticles of diameter approximately 10-50 nm can easily be obtained, not only from the polymerization of monomers in all three types of microemulsions, but also from a Winsor I-like system. A Winsor I-like system with a semi-continuous process can be used to produce microlatexes with high weight ratios of polymer to surfactant (up to 25). On the other hand, to form inorganic nanoparticles, it is best to carry out the appropriate chemical reactions in W/O- and bicontinuous microemulsions. Recent developments in the cross-polymerization of the organic components used in bicontinuous microemulsions ensure the successful formation of transparent nanostructured materials. Current research into using polymerizable bicontinuous microemulsions as a one-pot process for producing functional membranes and inorganic/polymer nanocomposites is highlighted with examples.
96 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the aspect ratio of the cellulosic nanoparticles was found to be a determinant of the transparency of the films and the transparency decreased for a given nanofiller content when the diameter of the nanoparticle decreased.
Abstract: Cellulosic nanofibers in the form of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have been prepared from alfa and rachis of date palm tree. Nanocomposites were prepared by casting/evaporation from these materials using an acrylic polymer in the form of latex as the matrix. Dynamic mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated and the rubbery modulus was found to depend mainly on the aspect ratio of the cellulosic nanoparticles. Higher aspect ratio resulted in higher reinforcing capability. However, surprisingly the transparency of the films decreased for a given nanofiller content when the diameter of the nanoparticle decreased. Percolation of the nanofiller was suggested as being responsible for these two observations.
96 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the state-of-the-art methods for fabricating polymer foams and carbon foams, aerogels, and sponges for electromagnetic interference shielding are discussed.
Abstract: Electromagnetic interference has become a serious pollution concern in modern society, which has significantly driven the development of lightweight electromagnetic interference shielding materials based on porous carbon/polymer nanocomposites. This work discusses the state-of-the-art methods for fabricating polymer foams and carbon foams, aerogels, and sponges for electromagnetic interference shielding. In order to obtain an ideal electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness, it is crucial to create carbon/polymer nanocomposites with effective conductive networks at low filler loadings. To this end, there have been three design strategies, including the use of carbon foams with polymer backfilling, the use of carbon-based hybrid fillers, and the formation of segregated structures in conductive polymer composite. This review also discusses electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding performances as well as associated mechanisms behind of lightweight carbon-polymer nanocomposites, and their potential applications are summarized. Some key challenges on lightweight polymer-carbon nanocomposites as electromagnetic interference shielding materials are presented followed by some future perspectives.
96 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, methods of modification of nanoparticles and their dispersion in a polymer matrix, and the role of interactions between polymer matrix and fillers, as well as of nanoparticle morphology realized in the course of processing, are discussed.
Abstract: Current challenges in the development of various polymer nanocomposites and in the study of their properties are considered. Results of studying hybrid structural (polymer–layered silicates, polymer–nanodiamonds) and functional (based on conducting or liquid-crystalline polymers) nanomaterials are presented. Methods of modification of nanoparticles and their dispersion in a polymer matrix, and the role of interactions between a polymer matrix and fillers, as well as of nanoparticle morphology realized in the course of processing, are discussed. The bibliography includes 453 references.
96 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a detailed review and analysis of these models and theories is presented, and differences and similarities of the models are also discussed, as well as their similarities and differences among them.
Abstract: Different properties and phenomena that polymer nanocomposites exhibit compared to the base polymers or conventional polymers (polymers with micron scale particles) are attributed to interfaces features. As a consequence, theories and models (such as Lewis' model, Tsagaropoulos' model and the multicore model proposed by Tanaka) have been proposed, primarily to interpret the physical, chemical and electrical structure of interfaces. Moreover, these models try to explain several different phenomena and properties that polymer nanocomposites exhibit based on the interfaces features. According to these models, the interface with thickness comparable to the diameter of the nanoparticle consists of multilayers. In this paper, a detailed review and analysis of these models and theories is presented. Differences and similarities of the models are also discussed.
96 citations