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Polymer nanocomposite

About: Polymer nanocomposite is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8977 publications have been published within this topic receiving 297599 citations.


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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate a relative improvement in power conversion efficiency of polymer nanocomposite photovoltaic cells consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) functionalized CdSe nanocrystals.
Abstract: We demonstrate a relative improvement in power conversion efficiency of polymer nanocomposite photovoltaic cells consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) functionalized CdSe nanocrystals. Thermal deprotection processing of the tert-buthoxycarbonyl moiety in the carbamate ligand surrounding the surface of CdSe nanocrystal significantly shortened the length of the ligand between nanocrystals and between the nanocrystal and the polymer matrix. The resulting device performance was investigated as a function of the composition ratio of P3HT/CdSe and the heating temperature. This simple and straightforward ligand deprotection strategy resulted in a significant increase in current density due to improvement of charge transport between the constituent materials.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the suitabilities of CNT/polymer nanocomposites for wind blade materials are analyzed and some suggestions paving the way for the large commercialization of these materials for wind blades are presented.
Abstract: The global market for wind energy has increased exponentially in the past few decades, and there is a continuous effort to develop cost-effective materials with higher strength to mass ratio for wind blades. With unique structural and transport properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted much interest as the reinforcement to develop polymer-based nanocomposites delivering exceptional mechanical properties and multi-functional characteristics. In light of previous and current status in carbon-based materials, herein the suitabilities of CNT/polymer nanocomposites for wind blade materials are analyzed. Special emphasis is placed on the mechanical, fatigue, electrical, thermal and barrier properties of CNT/polymer nanocomposites, which are important considerations when selecting suitable materials for wind blades with larger rotary radius. The application of CNT/polymer nanocomposites as sensory materials for the monitoring of defects in composite structures is also discussed. Finally, based on the progress made so far, some suggestions paving the way for the large commercialization of these nanocomposites for wind blades are presented.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a parylene insulating/moisture barrier layers and Ti/Au electrodes were fabricated from the nanocomposite using a fabrication process designed specifically for this chemical and temperature-sensitive material.
Abstract: This paper reports the development of micromachining processes and mechanical evaluation of a stimuli-responsive, mechanically dynamic polymer nanocomposite for biomedical microsystems. This nanocomposite consists of a cellulose nanofiber network encased in a polyvinyl acetate matrix. Micromachined tensile testing structures fabricated from the nanocomposite displayed a reversible and switchable stiffness comparable to bulk samples, with a Young's modulus of 3420 MPa when dry, reducing to ~20 MPa when wet, and a stiff-to-flexible transition time of ~300 s. This mechanically dynamic behavior is particularly attractive for the development of adaptive intracortical probes that are sufficiently stiff to insert into the brain without buckling, but become highly compliant upon insertion. Along these lines, a micromachined neural probe incorporating parylene insulating/moisture barrier layers and Ti/Au electrodes was fabricated from the nanocomposite using a fabrication process designed specifically for this chemical- and temperature-sensitive material. It was found that the parylene layers only slightly increased the stiffness of the probe in the wet state in spite of its much higher Young's modulus. Furthermore, the Ti/Au electrodes exhibited impedance comparable to Au electrodes on conventional substrates. Swelling of the nanocomposite was highly anisotropic favoring the thickness dimension by a factor of 8 to 12, leading to excellent adhesion between the nanocomposite and parylene layers and no discernable deformation of the probes when deployed in deionized water.

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An in situ grafting approach is designed to fabricate thermally conductive, electrically insulating and post-melt processable polystyrene (PS)/BN nanosphere (BNNS) nanocomposites by initiating styrene (St) on the surface functionalized BNNSs via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization.
Abstract: Thermally conductive and electrically insulating polymer/boron nitride (BN) nanocomposites are highly attractive for various applications in many thermal management fields However, so far most of the preparation methods for polymer/BN nanocomposites have usually caused difficulties in the material post processing Here, an in situ grafting approach is designed to fabricate thermally conductive, electrically insulating and post-melt processable polystyrene (PS)/BN nanosphere (BNNS) nanocomposites by initiating styrene (St) on the surface functionalized BNNSs via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization The nanocomposites exhibit significantly enhanced thermal conductivity For example, at a St/BN feeding ratio of 5:1, an enhancement ratio of 1375% is achieved in comparison with pure PS Moreover, the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites show a desirable weak dependence on frequency, and the dielectric loss tangent of the nanocomposites remains at a very low level More importantly, the nanocomposites can be subjected to multiple melt processing to form different shapes Our method can become a universal approach to prepare thermally conductive, electrically insulating and melt-processable polymer nanocomposites with diverse monomers and nanofillers

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the main results obtained within a project on mechanical properties of polymer-based nanocomposites are presented, together with original experimental results and micro-mechanical modeling.
Abstract: This work presents the main results obtained within a project on mechanical properties of polymer based nanocomposites. The specific point was how to analyze and model the filler–filler interactions in the description of the viscoelastic behavior of these materials. This paper aims at presenting the general strategy used by the different partners to address this question, together with original experimental results and micro-mechanical modeling. Different nanocomposite materials were fabricated using the latex route, leading to random dispersions of rigid submicronic particles (PS = polystyrene, silica) in a flexible polybutylacrylate matrix at various volume fractions. In addition, encapsulated silica particles in a styrene–acrylate copolymer were produced, leading, after film formation, to a limited number of contacts between silica fillers. The processing route of these encapsulated particles was optimized and the resulting morphology was analyzed by TEM experiments. In the case of random mixtures, a strong effect of reinforcement appears in the rubbery field of the soft phase when the filler content is above a critical fraction (percolation threshold). The reinforcement in the rubbery plateau can be still exacerbated in the case of the PS particles if the material undergoes a heat treatment above the main relaxation of the PS phase. These experimental results illustrate the difference between geometrical percolation (when particles are just in contact) and mechanical percolation (with strong interactions between the fillers). The comparison of the results for PS and silica fillers shows once more that the strength of the interactions plays an important role. To account for the whole set of experimental data, two ways of modeling were explored: (i) homogenization methods based on generalized self-consistent schemes and (ii) a discrete model of spheres assembly which explicitly describes the ability of the contacts to transmit efforts.

87 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023165
2022391
2021661
2020726
2019630
2018674