Topic
Polystyrene
About: Polystyrene is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 28444 publications have been published within this topic receiving 508696 citations. The topic is also known as: PS & Poly(styrene).
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01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the properties of polymers and their application in the field of chemical engineering, including the following: Coextrusion, Injection Molding, Flexible Packaging, Fibers, Polymer-Clay, and Plasticizers.
Abstract: VOLUME 1. Acetylenic Polymers, Substituted. Acrylamide Polymers. Acrylic (and Methacrylic) Acid Polymers. Acrylic Ester Polymers. Acrylonitrile and Acrylonitrile Polymers. Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Polymers. Additives. Adhesion. Adhesive Compounds. Aging, Physical. Alkyd Resins. Am,ino Resins and Plastics. Antifoaming Agents. Atomic Force Microscopy. Biotechnology Applications. Bloack Copolymers. Bloack Copolymers, Ternary Triblock. Blow Molding. Chitin and Chitosan. Chromatography, Affinity. Chromatography, HPLC. Chromatography, Size Exclusion. Coating Methods, Survey. Coatings. VOLUME 2 Coextrusion. Colorants. Coloring Processes. Composites, Fabrication. Conformation and Configuration. Critical Phase Polymerizations. Cyclohexanedimethanol Polyesters. Dendronized Polymers. Dental Applications. Diacethylene and Triacethylene Polymers. Elasticity, Rubber-Like. Electronic Packaging. Electrooptical Applications. Engineering, Thermoplastics, Overview. Enzymatic Polymerization. Ethylene Polymers, Chlorosulfonated. Ethylene Polymers, HDPE. Ethylene Polymers, LDPE. Ehtylene Polymers, LLDPE. Ethylene-Acrylic Elastomers. Ethylene-Norbornene Copolymers. Extrusion. Films, Orientation. Fluorocarbon Elastomers. Fractography. Fracture. Glass Transition. Hardness. Hydrogels. Hyperbranched Polymers. VOLUME 3 Injection Molding. Inorganic Polymers. Laser Light Scattering. Light-Emiting Diodes. Lignin. Liquid Crystalline Polymers, Main-Chain. Liquid Crystalline Thermosets. Mass Spectrometry. Membrane Technology. Methacrylic Ester Polymers. Micromechanical Properties. Modeling of Polymer Processing and Properties. Nanocomposites, Polymer-Clay. Packaging, Flexible. Perfluorinated Polymers, Perfluorinated Ethylene-Propylene Copolymers. Perfluorinated Polymers Polytetrafluoroethylene. Perfluorinated Polymers Tetrafluoroethylene-Ethylene Copolymers. Perfluorinated Polymers, Tetrafluoroethylene-Perfluorinated Copolymers. Perfluorinated Polymers. Tetrafluoroethylene-Perfluorovinyl Ether Copolymers. Phosgene. Phosphorus-Containing Polymers and Oligomers. Piezoelectric Polymers. Plasticizers. Poly(3-Hydroxyalkanoates). Poly(Trimethylene Terephthalate). Polyamides, Atomatic. Polyamides, Fibers. Polyamides, Plastics. Polycyanoacrylates. Polyesters, Fibers. Polyketones. Polynucleotides. Polysulfides. VOLUME 4 Polysulfones. Polyurethanes. Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive. Reinforcement. Release Agents. Shape-Memory Polymers. Single-Site Catalysis. Stabilization. Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR). Styrene Polymers. Sulfur-Containing Polymers. Surface Properties. Syndiotactic Polystyrene. Vinyl Fluoride Polymers (PVF). Vinylidene Chloride Polymers. Vinylidene Fluoride Polymers. Viscoelasticity. Weathering.
3,190 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, in situ transmission electron microscopy studies provided information regarding composite deformation mechanisms and interfacial bonding between the multi-wall carbon nanotubes and polymer matrix, indicating significant load transfer across the nanotube-matrix interface.
Abstract: Multiwall carbon nanotubes have been dispersed homogeneously throughout polystyrene matrices by a simple solution-evaporation method without destroying the integrity of the nanotubes. Tensile tests on composite films show that 1 wt % nanotube additions result in 36%–42% and ∼25% increases in elastic modulus and break stress, respectively, indicating significant load transfer across the nanotube-matrix interface. In situ transmission electron microscopy studies provided information regarding composite deformation mechanisms and interfacial bonding between the multiwall nanotubes and polymer matrix.
2,431 citations
TL;DR: A needle-like solid is obtained on drying of aqueous solutions of the spherical micelles of the highly asymmetric polystyrene-poly-(acrylic acid) block copolymers prepared in a low molecular weight solvent system.
Abstract: The observation by transmission electron microscopy of six different stable aggregate morphologies is reported for the same family of highly asymmetric polystyrene-poly-(acrylic acid) block copolymers prepared in a low molecular weight solvent system. Four of the morphologies consist of spheres, rods, lamellae, and vesicles in aqueous solution, whereas the fifth consists of simple reverse micelle-like aggregates. The sixth consists of up to micrometer-size spheres in aqueous solution that have hydrophilic surfaces and are filled with the reverse micelle-like aggregates. In addition, a needle-like solid, which is highly birefringent, is obtained on drying of aqueous solutions of the spherical micelles. This range of morphologies is believed to be unprecedented for a block copolymer system.
2,279 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a simple technique for precisely controlling the interfacial energies and wetting behavior of polymers in contact with solid surfaces is described, where end-functionalized statistical random copolymers of styrene and methylmethacrylate are synthesized, with the styrene fraction f varying from 0 to 1, and were end-grafted onto silicon substrates to create random polymers about 5 nanometers thick.
Abstract: A simple technique for precisely controlling the interfacial energies and wetting behavior of polymers in contact with solid surfaces is described. End-functionalized statistical random copolymers of styrene and methylmethacrylate were synthesized, with the styrene fraction f varying from 0 to 1, and were end-grafted onto silicon substrates to create random copolymer brushes about 5 nanometers thick. For f < 0.7, polystyrene (PS) films (20 nanometers thick) rapidly dewet from the brushes when heated well above the glass transition temperature. The contact angle of the resulting polymer droplets increased monotonically with decreasing f . Similar behavior was observed for poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) films but with an opposite dependence on f . The interfacial energies of the random copolymer brushes with PS and PMMA were equal when f was about 0.6. Thus, precise control of the relative surface affinities of PS and PMMA was possible, demonstrating a way to manipulate polymer-surface interactions.
1,293 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the initiator molecules were covalently bonded to the graphene surface via a diazonium addition and the succeeding atom transfer radical polymerization linked polystyrene chains (82 wt% grafting efficiency).
Abstract: For developing high performance graphene-based nanocomposites, dispersal of graphene nanosheets in polymer hosts and precise interface control are challenging due to their strong interlayer cohesive energy and surface inertia. Here we report an efficient method to functionalize graphene nanosheets. The initiator molecules were covalently bonded to the graphene surface via a diazonium addition and the succeeding atom transfer radical polymerization linked polystyrene chains (82 wt% grafting efficiency) to the graphene nanosheets. The prominent confinement effect arising from nanosheets resulted in a 15 °C increase in the glass transition temperature of polystyrene compared to the pure polymer. The resulting polystyrene nanocomposites with 0.9 wt% graphene nanosheets revealed around 70% and 57% increases in tensile strength and Young's modulus. The protocol is believed to offer possibilities for optimizing the processing properties and interface structure of graphene-polymer nanocomposites.
1,226 citations