Topic
Popliteal fossa
About: Popliteal fossa is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1006 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15318 citations.
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TL;DR: After moderately painful orthopedic surgery of the lower extremity, ropivacaine infusion using a portable mechanical pump and a popliteal sciatic perineural catheter at home decreased pain, opioid use and related side effects, sleep disturbances, and improved overall satisfaction.
Abstract: BackgroundThis randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study investigated the efficacy of patient-controlled regional analgesia using a sciatic perineural catheter in the popliteal fossa and a portable infusion pump for outpatients having moderately painful, lower extremity orthopedic surgery
300 citations
TL;DR: A method of elevating and rotating a flap, like a propeller, for the release of scar contractures in the cubital and axillary regions and this flap may be applied to the flexor side in other regions, for example the groin, popliteal fossa and fingers where burn contractures are common.
278 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors obtained reference values for the nerve cross-sectional area at the following sites: radial at antecubital fossa; radial at distal spiral groove; musculocutaneous in upper arm; trunks of the brachial plexus; vagus at carotid bifurcation; sciatic in distal thigh; tibial in popliteal fissure; tibia in proximal calf; tiberial at proximal ankle; peroneal in Popliteal Fissure 6; and sur
Abstract: Ultrasound allows for a non-invasive structural assessment of nerves, muscles, and surrounding tissues, and therefore it is increasingly being used as a supplement to traditional electrodiagnostic studies. As investigators have begun to use ultrasound to explore peripheral nerves, it has become clear that conditions such as entrapment, hereditary neuropathies, acquired neuropathies, trauma, and nerve tumors result in an increase in nerve cross-sectional area. Reference values have not been published for the cross-sectional area of many nerves commonly studied in diseases of the peripheral nervous system, so our goal was to obtain reference values for the nerve cross-sectional area at the following sites: radial at antecubital fossa; radial at distal spiral groove; musculocutaneous in upper arm; trunks of the brachial plexus; vagus at carotid bifurcation; sciatic in distal thigh; tibial in popliteal fossa; tibial in proximal calf; tibial at ankle; peroneal in popliteal fossa; peroneal at fibular head; and sural in distal calf. Mean cross-sectional area, as well as side-to-side differences, are reported for each site, and qualitative data are provided to guide imaging at each site. The information provided in this study should serve as the starting point for quantitatively evaluating these nerve sites with ultrasound.
265 citations
TL;DR: Understanding and recognizing the spectrum of appearances of synovial sarcoma, which reflect the underlying pathologic characteristics, improve radiologic assessment and are important for optimal patient management, is important for optimum patient management.
Abstract: Synovial sarcoma is the fourth most common type of soft-tissue sarcoma, accounting for 2.5%–10.5% of all primary soft-tissue malignancies worldwide. Synovial sarcoma most often affects the extremities (80%–95% of cases), particularly the knee in the popliteal fossa, of adolescents and young adults (15–40 years of age). Despite its name, the lesion does not commonly arise in an intraarticular location but usually occurs near joints. Histologic subtypes include monophasic, biphasic, and poorly differentiated; the cytogenetic aberration of the t(X;18) translocation is highly specific for synovial sarcoma. Although radiographic features of these tumors are not pathognomonic, findings of a soft-tissue mass, particularly if calcified (30%), near but not in a joint of a young patient, are very suggestive of the diagnosis. Cross-sectional imaging features are vital for staging tumor extent and planning surgical resection; they also frequently reveal suggestive appearances of multilobulation and marked heterogenei...
265 citations
TL;DR: Imaging is important in establishing the cause of foot drop be it at the level of the spine, along the course of the sciatic nerve or in the popliteal fossa; ultrasonography, CT and MR imaging are all useful.
Abstract: Foot drop is a common and distressing problem that can lead to falls and injury. Although the most frequent cause is a (common) peroneal neuropathy at the neck of the fibula, other causes include anterior horn cell disease, lumbar plexopathies, L5 radiculopathy and partial sciatic neuropathy. And even when the nerve lesion is clearly at the fibular neck there are a variety of causes that may not be immediately obvious; habitual leg crossing may well be the most frequent cause and most patients improve when they stop this habit. A meticulous neurological evaluation goes a long way to ascertain the site of the lesion. Nerve conduction and electromyographic studies are useful adjuncts in localising the site of injury, establishing the degree of damage and predicting the degree of recovery. Imaging is important in establishing the cause of foot drop be it at the level of the spine, along the course of the sciatic nerve or in the popliteal fossa; ultrasonography, CT and MR imaging are all useful. For patients with a severe foot drop of any cause, an ankle foot orthosis is a helpful device that enables them to walk better and more safely.
228 citations