Topic
Pore water pressure
About: Pore water pressure is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11455 publications have been published within this topic receiving 247670 citations. The topic is also known as: pwp.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: This article showed that a significant proportion of storm runoffflows through near-surface bedrock and illustrate the importance of shallow bedrockflow in pore pressure development in the overlying colluvial soil.
Abstract: Observations from natural rain storms and sprinkling experiments at a steep zero-order catchment in the Oregon Coast Range demonstrate the importance offlow through near-surface bedrock on runoff generation and pore pressure development in shallow colluvial soils. Sprinkling experiments, involving irrigation of the entire 860 m 2 catchment at average intensities of 1.5 and 3.0 mm/h, permitted detailed observation of runoff and the development of subsurface saturation under controlled conditions. A weir installed to collectflow through the colluvium at the base of the catchment recovered runoff equal to one third to one half of the precipitation rate during quasi-steady irrigation. Three key observations demonstrate that a significant proportion of storm runoffflows through near-surface bedrock and illustrate the importance of shallow bedrockflow in pore pressure development in the overlying colluvial soil: (1) greater discharge recovery during both the experiments and natural rainfall at a weir installed approximately 15 m downslope of the weir at the base of the catchment, (2) spatially discontinuous patterns of positive pressure head in the colluvium during steady sprinkling, and (3) local development of upward head gradients associated withflow from weathered rock into the overlying colluvium during high-intensity rainfall. Data from natural storms also show that smaller storms produce no significant runoff or piezometric response and point to a critical intensity-duration rainfall to overcome vadose zone storage. Together these observations highlight the role of interaction betweenflow in colluvium and near- surface bedrock in governing patterns of soil saturation, runoff production, and positive pore pressures.
348 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the average vertical distributions of pore water solutes and their sediment-water fluxes are influenced by the presence of irrigated burrows to varying degrees depending on the kind of reactions governing their behavior.
348 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discussed the factors relevant to the mechanism of normal faulting and brecciation, and showed that normal faults develop as the consequence of an increase in the magnitude of the differential stress above the critical limit under the prevailing pore water conditions.
Abstract: The factors relevant to the mechanism of normal faulting and brecciation are discussed. Normal faults develop as the consequence of an increase in the magnitude of the differential stress above the critical limit under the prevailing pore water conditions. The accumulation of a body of hydrothermal solution on the fault zones under pressures greater than the pore water pressure, results in the extension of the faults by hydraulic fracturing. The abrupt drop in the pressure of the hydrothermal solution when fracturing occurs, causes the bursting apart of the rock into which the hydrothermal solution has permeated under high pressure, thus forming angular breccias. The fracture may be extended by hydraulic fracturing even though the differential stress decreases, provided the pressure of the hydrothermal solution on the fracture plane exceeds the pore water pressure by increasing amounts. Under these conditions the dip of each extension of the normal fault increases, and eventually the fracture develops as a vertical breccia zone.
347 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical pore pressure-porosity model is proposed based on the primary overpressure generation mechanism, which provides a much easier way to handle normal compaction trendlines.
343 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the least horizontal stress decreases with decreasing reservoir pressure, as predicted by poroelasticity, and that dilatant fracturing and normal faulting are always promoted, in extensional environments, near the edge of the reservoir or in regions of high pore-pressure gradient.
342 citations