Potassium dichromate

About: Potassium dichromate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1430 publications have been published within this topic receiving 18967 citations. The topic is also known as: Potassium dichromate(VI) & Chromium potassium oxide.

Disposition of a soluble chromate in the isolated perfused rat liver.

Abstract: 1. The uptake of potassium dichromate in the isolated perfused rat liver was almost complete after one hour of perfusion. No significant sex differences in chromium distribution were observed.2. At the end of the experiments (one hour), about 60% of the applied Cr(VI) dose (312 μg Cr/liver) was located in the cytosol, 14% was in the mitochondria, 9% in the microsomal pellet and 2% was associated with the nuclei.3. Gel chromatography of the cytosol showed that most of the chromium was in fractions with an apparent molecular weight of 6000 Da and absorption maxima at 410 nm and 548 nm. Similar optical properties and molecular weight are characteristic of GSH-Cr complexes formed by reaction of Cr(VI) with GSH in vitro

Mutagenic Effects of Potassium Dichromate as Evaluated by Means of Animal and Plant Bioindicators.

Abstract: Background Chromium typically occurs in two oxidation states in the natural environment, Cr(3+) [Cr(III)] and Cr(6+) [Cr(VI)]. Out of the two chromium species, Cr(VI) is the most mobile, labile and toxic. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds are classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as carcinogenic agents to humans. The main source of release of chromium in aquatic ecosystems is related to the industrial application of this metal in metallurgies, tanneries, and in the manufacturing of paints and dyes. The ecotoxicology of Cr(VI) is linked to its environmental persistence and the ability to induce adverse effects in biological systems. In the present study, we evaluated mutagenic effects of Cr(VI) in animal and plant bioindicators. Materials and methods We evaluated primary DNA damage and frequencies of micronuclei (MN) and morphological nuclear abnormalities (NA) in erythrocytes in peripheral blood of the fish Oreochromis niloticus exposed to potassium dichromate at 12 mg l(-1). The genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Cr(VI) in the onion (Allium cepa) test were also assessed. Results The comet assay showed a significant increase of tailed nucleoids in the erythrocytes of fish treated with K2Cr2O7; MN frequency was also increased in the treatments; cytotoxicity of a low concentration of potassium dichromate, however, was not confirmed. Conclusion The combination of both systems - animal and plant - is adequate and advantageous for mutagenicity evaluation. The findings indicate that at the concentration tested, the chromium compound is a clastogenic as well as an aneugenic.

Renal Protective Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Against Chromate Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Abstract: Background and Objective: Exposure to human carcinogens as hexavalent chromate compounds is unavoidable. Chromate induces nephrotoxicity mainly due to increased cellular oxidative stress. The current study evaluates the renoprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in potassium dichromate (Chromate) induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods Animals were divided to 3 groups, normal control group was fed distilled water, positive control group was treated by 12 mg kgG1 chromate once per week for 6 weeks. The third group was treated daily by CoQ10 (10 mg kgG1) for 6 weeks and 12 mg kgG1 chromate once per week for 6 weeks. At the end, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured. Kidney function tests, lipid profile, oxidative stress and inflammatory bio-markers were determined. Results Chromate resulted in hypertension, worsens kidney function tests, oxidative stress and inflammatory bio-markers. The use of CoQ10 ameliorated these harmful effects. This could be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusion: The present results suggest that CoQ10 has a promising potential in the protection against chromate-induced nephrotoxicity.

Detection of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to potassium dichromate.

Abstract: The objective of this paper was to analyze the micronuclei (MNs) and other nuclear abnormalities (NAs) frequencies in peripheral blood of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) treated with potassium dichromate via contaminated water. Blood samples were collected from caudal vessels after potassium dichromate 12 mg.L expositions for 24 and 48 hours. The typical micronuclei were not found in control group. 1 In the exposed groups the frequencies were 1.0 ± 1.15 at 24h and 2.43 ± 0.98 at 48h. The nuclear morphological alterations frequencies in control, 24h and 48h were 4.29 ± 4.50, 5.86 ± 3.02 and 11.0 ± 3.74, respectively. The parametric ANOVA showed a very significant difference (p < 0.01) in MNs frequencies between control and 48h groups; also there was significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two exposition times. In the NAs, there was significant difference only between control and exposed for 48h groups (p < 0.05). Results confirm the potentially adverse effects of potassium dichromate. The demonstrated sensitivity to this ion shows that Oreochromis niloticus can be used to monitor for the acute effects of pollutants on the basis of hexavalent chromium in freshwater ecosystem.