Potassium iodate

About: Potassium iodate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 611 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5940 citations. The topic is also known as: KIO3.

Spectrophotometric determination of cephalosporins with leuco crystal violet

Abstract: A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and cefradine with leuco crystal violet is presented. The determination is based on the reduction of potassium iodate in acidic medium, followed by hydrolysis of β-lactam ring of cephalosporins with sodium hydroxide. The formed iodine reacts with leuco crystal violet. The crystal violet dye of maximum absorption at 588 nm is formed. Its absorbance was measured within pH range of 4.0-4.2 in 1 cm cuvettes. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range: 0.8-4.8 μg mL - 1 , 0.4-1.6 μg mL - 1 and 0.2-2.0 μg mL - 1 for cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and cefradine, respectively. The molar absorptivity of the coloured compound is 8.4 × 10 4 L mol - 1 cm - 1 for cefotaxime, 2.4 x 10 5 L mol - 1 cm - 1 for ceftriaxone and 1.6 x 10 5 L mol - 1 cm - 1 for cefradine. The analytical parameters were optimized and the method was successfully applied to the determination of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and cefradine in pharmaceuticals.

The simultaneous determination of cysteine and cystine using N-bromosuccinimide: Application in an enzymatic system—cystine reductase

Abstract: A new, rapid, convenient, and accurate method for the simultaneous determination of cysteine and cystine has been developed for use in pure solutions as well as in the enzymatic system, cystine reductase. N-Bromosuccinimide is the only standard solution employed in these determinations. Cysteine was determined at pH 7 by displacement of iodine from potassium iodide with N-bromosuccinimide. The total cysteine plus cystine was determined by N-bromosuccinimide using Bordeaux Red as an indicator. A comparative study to determine cysteine using N-bromosuccinimide and potassium iodate was performed. It has been found that the values obtained with potassium iodate in the enzymatic system are relatively high. N-Bromosuccinimide gives more accurate results as shown by determining the residual amount of cystine after a particular time of incubation. When N-bromosuccinimide is used as a titrant for cysteine and/or cystine in pure solutions the error is less than ±1%. When N-bromosuccinimide is used as a titrant in the enzymatic system for the determination of cystine, the method is more precise and more accurate when compared to the use of potassium iodate.

Radio-sensitization with iodine compounds. II. Studies on mutant strains of Escherichia coli K12 resistant to radiation-induced toxic products from iodoacetic acid, potassium iodide or potassium iodate.

Abstract: SummaryExperiments were carried out on the sensitization of strains of Escherichia coli K12 to gamma-radiation by iodoacetic acid (ICH2 · COOH), potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3). Gamma-irradiation of these chemicals in solution around pH 5 produced long-lived heat-labile toxic products by which bacteria were efficiently inactivated at 0°c. Mutant strains resistant to irradiated iodoacetic acid in acid solution were isolated from an F− strain, PA309. They were also resistant to radiation-induced toxic products from potassium iodide or potassium iodate, but not to unirradiated iodoacetic acid or iodine dissolved in potassium iodide solution. All three mutant strains resistant to irradiated iodine compounds were also resistant to radio-sensitization with these compounds. It is concluded that the cellular sites responsible for radiosensitization were similar in all experiments with iodine sensitizers and/or that similar radiochemical products were involved in the radiosensitization with these ...

Estimation of iodine in salt fortified with iodine & iron

Abstract: Background & objective The National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad has developed double fortified salt (DFS) containing both iodine and iron to control the twin problems of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). When the iodine content of DFS was estimated by the conventional iodometric titration using sulphuric acid (H(2)SO(4)), problems such as wide variation between duplicate analysis and under/overestimations of iodine content were encountered, which led to inconsistent results. This study was undertaken to develop a modified method for the estimation of iodine in DFS so as to get reliable iodine content of DFS. Methods A modified method was developed using orthophosphoric acid (H(3)PO(4)) and the sensitivity of the method was confirmed by estimating the iodine content of potassium iodate (KIO(3)) standard at different concentrations of iodine (0 to 100 ppm). The iodine content of DFS and iodized salt (IS) from local market and factory was estimated by the modified method as well as the conventional iodometric titration and the results were compared. Results The pH of DFS was acidic. The time gap between the additions of acid and potassium iodide (KI) played a crucial role in getting the actual iodine content of DFS. The H(2)SO(4) and ferrous sulphate (FeSO(4)) interfered with the estimation of iodine in DFS resulting in underestimation or overestimation of iodine. Modified method (H(3)PO(4)) produced consistent and reliable iodine content of DFS. Both H(2)SO(4) and H(3)PO(4) gave same results when tested with KIO(3) standard, Reference salt and IS (both experimental and purchased from local market). Actually 0.50 ml of 1 per cent KI was sufficient to estimate the iodine content of DFS or IS. Interpretation & conclusion The results of the present study showed that the conventional method using H(2)SO(4) was not suitable for the estimation of iodine in DFS. The modified method using H(2)PO(4) was ideally suited for the estimation of iodine in DFS. Also, iron from DFS did not interfere during estimation of iodine by this method. As both the conventional and the modified methods gave the same results for the iodine content of IS, it is practically prudent to use the modified method (H(2)PO(4)) for both DFS and IS instead of following one method (H(3)PO(4)) for DFS and another (H(2)SO(4)) for IS. The quantity of KI is also reduced and the order of additions of reagents is changed in the modified procedure.

Effect of Vanadium on the Uptake and Distribution of Organic and Inorganic Forms of Iodine in Sweetcorn Plants during Early-Stage Development

Abstract: Iodine and vanadium are elements that are closely related to organisms in water environments. Iodine and vanadium are known as “beneficial elements” that stimulate the growth and development of higher plants. Iodine is an essential element for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine in the human body, with vanadium also known to be involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. The cooperation of both elements in the human body and in algae presents a question regarding the impact of vanadium interaction on iodine uptake in higher plants. The absorption of iodine from seawater in algae is known to be more efficient in the presence of vanadium, with key role in this process played by the iodoperoxidase enzyme, with vanadium acting as a cofactor. The study of the nature of the absorption of iodine by higher plants, and in particular by crops such as corn, remains insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vanadium on iodine uptake via vanadium-dependent iodoperoxidase (vHPO) activity in sweetcorn plants (Zea mays L. subsp. Mays Saccharata Group) “Zlota Karlowa”. The experiment was carried out with organic and inorganic iodine compounds, namely potassium iodide (KI), potassium iodate (KIO3), 5-iodosalicylic acid (5-ISA), and 2-iodobenzoic acid (2-IBeA), each used in a dose of 10 μM. These compounds were applied with and without vanadium in the form of ammonium methavanadate (NH4VO3) at a dose of 0.1 μM. A double control was used, the first without iodine and vanadium and the second with vanadium but without iodine. Root length, root mass, and above-ground weight were significantly higher after iodine and vanadium compared to controls. Plants were collected at the five true leaf stage. vHPO activity level was much higher in the roots than in the leaves, but greater variation in the leaves was observed between treatments in terms of vHPO activity. Vanadium was shown to accumulate in the roots. The use of a relatively low dose of vanadium may have caused changes in the accumulation of this element in the aerial parts of the plant, leaves, and shoots. Fertilization with iodine and vanadium compounds decreased the accumulation of most minerals, macroelements, and microelements compared to controls. The obtained results of iodine accumulation in individual parts after applying iodine and vanadium fertilization testify to the stimulating effect of vanadium on iodine uptake and accumulation.