Potassium nitrate

About: Potassium nitrate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3537 publications have been published within this topic receiving 29450 citations. The topic is also known as: Nitric acid, potassium salt & Saltpeter.

Adsorption of nitrate, chloride and sulfate by some highly weathered soils from south-east queensland

Abstract: Soil was collected from a number of sites and depths to 300 cm within four great soil groups (krasnozem, red earth, xanthozem, podzolic). Nitrate, chloride and sulfate adsorption were determined at the soil pH. Various soil properties likely to influence the magnitude of adsorption were determined, and their relative importance to adsorption was assessed using stepwise multiple regression. The subsoils of all four soil groups adsorbed nitrate ranging up to 0.47 mmoles/100 g from 0.005 M potassium nitrate solution. The mean adsorption for soil groups decreased in the order krasnozem, xanthozem, red earth and podzolic. Chloride and sulfate adsorption was largely equivalent to that of nitrate. The variations in adsorption between and within great soil groups could be attributed to changes in organic matter, smectite minerals, hydroxy aluminium, surface area and pH.

Measurements of self-diffusion coefficients of water in pure water and in aqueous electrolyte solutions

Abstract: Self-diffusion coefficients of water in pure water and in aqueous solutions of several electrolytes at various temperatures have been measured using the diaphragm cell method with deuterium as tracer. Electrolytes investigated were ammonium chloride, ammonium sulphate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, sodium chloride and lithium chloride. Dissolved ammonium chloride and potassium chloride have practically no effect on the diffusion of water molecules. Potassium nitrate tends to increase the diffusion rate of water, while the other electrolytes reduce the diffusion rate with increasing concentrations. From the temperature dependence of the self-diffusion coefficients of water in electrolyte solutions the activation energies have been determined. The results are discussed by considering the effect of hydration.

The effect of sodium chloride, potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite on the recovery of heated bacterial spores *

Abstract: Summary The ability of aerobic and anaerobic spores, after various degrees of heating, to produce macrocolonies in media containing different concentrations of sodium chloride, potassium nitrate and sodium nitrite has been examined. The effect of different heat treatments, roughly from F0= 0.0015 to F0= 1.5, on the inhibitory levels of these curing ingredients, showed that the more severe treatments were capable of rendering surviving spores considerably more sensitive to subsequent inhibition by concentrations of the order found in cured meats. To produce this effect, less heating was needed with two Bacillus strains than with three of Clostridium. Sodium chloride and potassium nitrate had quantitatively similar effects. The inhibitory effect of sodium nitrite increased roughly ten-fold from pH 7 to pH 6.

Nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamate synthase expression and activity in response to different nitrogen sources in nitrogen-starved wheat seedlings.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the expression and activity of nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.7.1.1), nitrite reductase (NiR, EC 1.7.2.2), glutamine synthetase (GS, EC 6.3.1.2), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT, EC 1.4.7.1) in response to potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium nitrate in nitrogen-starved wheat seedlings. Plants were grown in standard nutrient solution for 17 days and then subjected to nitrogen starvation for 7 days. The starved plants were supplied with potassium nitrate ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride (50 mM) for 4 days and the leaves were harvested. The relative expression of NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT as well as the enzyme activities were investigated. Nitrogen starvation caused a significant decrease both in transcript levels and in NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT activities. Potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate treatments restored NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT expressions and activities. Ammonium chloride increased only the expressions and activities of GS and GOGAT in a dose-dependent manner. The results of our study highlight the differential effects between the type and the amount of nitrogen salts on NR, NiR, GS, and GOGAT activities in wheat seedlings while potassium nitrate being more effective.