Power dividers and directional couplers

About: Power dividers and directional couplers is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16955 publications have been published within this topic receiving 188760 citations.

Fabrication and analysis of a directional coupler written in glass by nanojoule femtosecond laser pulses.

Abstract: A directional coupler written in a glass sample by the focused 400-nm output from a 25-fs oscillator is reported. The coupler is single mode; the splitting ratio is 1.9 dB at 633 nm. A refractive-index profile of the waveguide with a magnitude of Δn=4.5×10-3 was retrieved from a near-field mode pattern.

Silicon Photonics Design: From Devices to Systems

Abstract: Part I. Silicon Photonics - Introduction: 1. Fabless Silicon Photonics: 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Silicon photonics - the next fabless semiconductor industry 1.3 Applications 1.4 Technical challenges and the state of the art 1.5 Opportunities 2. Modelling and Design Approaches: 2.1 Optical Waveguide Mode Solver 2.2 Wave Propagation 2.3 Optoelectronic models 2.4 Microwave Modelling 2.5 Thermal Modelling 2.6 Photonic Circuit Modelling 2.7 Physical Layout 2.8 Software Tools Integration Part II. Silicon Photonics - Passive Components: 3. Optical Materials and Waveguides: 3.1 Silicon-on-Insulator 3.2 Waveguides 3.3 Bent waveguides 3.4 Code Listings 3.5 Problems 4. Fundamental Building Blocks: 4.1 Directional couplers 4.2 Y-Branch 4.3 Mach-Zehnder Interferometer 4.4 Ring resonators 4.5 Waveguide Bragg Grating Filters 4.6 Code Listings 4.7 Problems 5. Optical I/O: 5.1 The challenge of optical coupling to silicon photonic chips 5.2 Grating Coupler 5.3 Edge Coupler 5.4 Polarization 5.5 Code Listings 5.6 Problems Part III. Silicon Photonics - Active Components: 6. Modulators: 6.1 Plasma Dispersion E 6.2 PN Junction Phase Shifter 6.3 Micro-ring Modulators 6.4 Forward-biased PIN Junction 6.5 Active Tuning 6.6 Thermo-Optic Switch 6.7 Code Listings 6.8 Problems 7. Detectors: 7.1 Performance Parameters 7.2 Fabrication 7.3 Types of detectors 7.4 Design Considerations 7.5 Detector modelling 7.5.2 Electronic Simulations 7.6 Code Listings 7.7 Problems 8. Lasers: 8.1 External Lasers 8.2 Laser Modelling 8.3 Co-Packaging 8.4 Hybrid Silicon Lasers 8.5 Monolithic Lasers 8.6 Alternative Light Sources 8.7 Problems Part IV. Silicon Photonics - System Design: 9. Photonic Circuit Modelling: 9.1 Need for photonic circuit modelling 9.2 Components for System Design 9.3 Compact Models 9.4 Directional Coupler - Compact Model 9.5 Ring Modulator - Circuit Model 9.6 Grating Coupler - S Parameters 9.7 Code Listings 10. Tools and Techniques: 10.1 Process Design Kit (PDK) 10.2 Mask Layout 11. Fabrication: 11.1 Fabrication Non-Uniformity 11.2 Problems 12. Testing and Packaging: 12.1 Electrical and Optical Interfacing 12.2 Automated Optical Probe Stations 12.3 Design for Test 13. Silicon Photonic System Example: 13.1 Wavelength Division Multiplexed Transmitter.

Silicon mode (de)multiplexer enabling high capacity photonic networks-on-chip with a single-wavelength-carrier light

Abstract: A small silicon mode (de)multiplexer with cascaded asymmetrical directional couplers is demonstrated experimentally. As an example, a four channel mode (de)multiplexer is designed and realized for TM polarization. The fabricated mode (de)multiplexer has a low excess loss (<1 dB) as well as low crosstalk (≤23 dB) over a broad wavelength range (~20 nm). More channels can be achieved with two sets of orthogonal-polarization modes (e.g., 2N=8) multiplexed when desired.

Silicon photonic circuit with polarization diversity

Abstract: We devised a silicon photonic circuit with polarization diversity that consists of polarization splitters and polarization rotators. The splitter is based on a simple directional coupler and the rotator has an off-axis double-core structure. Both devices can be made by using planar fabrication technology and require no complex proceses for the fabrication of three-dimensional structures. We fabricated a polarization-independent wavelength filter based on Si wire waveguides as an application of the polarization diversity. The filter consists of the polarization splitters, the rotators, and a ring resonator. The polarization-dependent loss of the filter is about 1 dB. A 10-Gbps data transmission with scrambled polarization is demonstrated.

Parameters of Microstrip Transmission Lines and of Coupled Pairs of Microstrip Lines

Abstract: A theoretical analysis is presented of microwave propagation on microstrip, with particular reference to the case of coupled pairs of microstrip lines. Data on this type of transmission line are needed for the design of directional couplers, filters, and other components in microwave integrated circuits. The inhomogeneous medium, consisting of the dielectric substrate and the vacuum above it, is treated in a rigorous manner through the use of a "dielectric Green's function" which expresses the discontinuity of the fields at the dielectric-vacuum interface. Results are presented in graphical form for substrate dielectric constants of 1, 9, and 16, and a range of values of width and spacing of the strips. Numerical tables for these and other cases are also available. The tables present capacitance, characteristic impedance, and velocity of propagation of the even and odd normal modes. The method lends itself to the treatment of other geometries which are of practical interest, such as "thick" strips, presence of an unsymmetrically located upper ground plane, etc.