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Showing papers on "Power module published in 1992"


Patent
18 Nov 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a distribution system consisting of a central module supplying a distribution network, for example formed by a bus, with permanent DC power, and terminal modules, located near the loads, convert the DC power distributed by the distribution network into DC or AC electrical power adapted to the requirements of each load.
Abstract: The system comprises a central module supplying a distribution network, for example formed by a bus, with permanent DC power. Terminal modules, located near the loads, convert the DC power distributed by the distribution network into DC or AC electrical power adapted to the requirements of each load. A communication bus enables data communication between the various modules.

171 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the performance of a commercially available thermoelectric module (Peltier cooler) when operated in the Seebeck mode as a generator, to convert low temperature "waste heat" into electrical power.

117 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a reliable circuit configuration for stacking power metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) was described for switching a 1.4 kV pulse generator into 50 Ω, with a 2 ns rise time and negligible jitter.
Abstract: A reliable circuit configuration is described for stacking power metal–oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs). The resulting circuit has a hold off voltage N times larger than a single power MOSFET, where N is the number of power MOSFETs used. The capability to switch higher voltages and thus greater amounts of power, into a 50 Ω load, in approximately the same time as a single device is realized. Design considerations are presented for selecting a power MOSFET. Using the design method presented, a 1.4 kV pulse generator, into 50 Ω, with a 2 ns rise time and negligible jitter is designed.

75 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
H. de lambilly1, H. Keser1
28 Sep 1992
TL;DR: In this article, power cycling tests on power modules consisting of insulated-gate bipolar transistors chips connected in parallel are reported, and the following problems were found to degrade the properties of the modules: (1) Thick wire connections debonded after a low number of cycles because of mechanical strain.
Abstract: Power cycling tests on power modules consisting of insulated-gate bipolar transistors chips connected in parallel are reported. The following problems were found to degrade the properties of the modules: (1) Thick wire connections debonded after a low number of cycles because of mechanical strain. (2) Substrate assemblies deformed due to bimetallic effects, leading to poor thermal contact to the heatsink, and in some cases, to a cracking of electrical interconnects. (3) Soldering of substrates to large copper plates was of poor quality. The high number of large voids created intolerable differences in thermal resistance between the paralleled chips. It appears that the packaging technologies used are insufficient for power modules with paralleled chips when a high number of load cycles is expected. >

73 citations


Book
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the ways that ordinary families fail to develop self-esteem and self-acceptance in children, and suggest techniques for adults to do so on their own.
Abstract: Describes the ways that ordinary families fail to develop self-esteem and self-acceptance in children, and suggests techniques for adults to do so on their own.

61 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
09 Nov 1992
TL;DR: Some trends for power electronic converters are evaluated in this paper, with emphasis on component and subcircuit technology, power converter technology, and integrated converter technology and possible future trends are also considered.
Abstract: Some trends for power electronic converters are evaluated, with emphasis on component and subcircuit technology, power converter technology, and integrated converter technology. Possible future trends are also considered. It is noted that important advances might come from the use and further development of nonlinear electromagnetic materials that have not been customary to power electronics in the past as well as from novel packaging and integration concepts. >

52 citations


Patent
23 Dec 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the power module is mounted on a coolant fluid flow chamber so that the module mounting is not a thermal interface, and maximum power module cooling is achieved with minimum fluid flow.
Abstract: The semiconductor wafer of the power module is mounted directly, separated only by thermal expansion control layers and insulator layers, on the metal base which has fins or pins integrally formed thereon. This module is mounted on a coolant fluid flow chamber so that the module mounting is not a thermal interface. In this way, maximum power module cooling is achieved with minimum fluid flow.

50 citations


Patent
02 Apr 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a plasma cutting apparatus for use in cutting a material (M), which includes a cutting torch (12), a control unit (14), and a cooling unit (56).
Abstract: Plasma cutting apparatus (10) for use in cutting a material (M). A torch (12) cuts the material. A control unit (14) controls the cutting operation performed by the torch and includes a control module (16) in which the control unit is housed. At least one power unit (18) supplies power to the cutting torch, the application of this power being controlled by the control unit. Each power unit includes a power module (24) in which the power is housed. A cooling unit (54) for cooling the torch is also available. The cooling unit includes a cooling module (56). The control module, power module(s), and coolant module are removably stackable one on top of the other.

44 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
J. Gerhold1
TL;DR: In this article, the use of vacuum, gaseous He, and solid and liquid He as insulators is discussed, and the degradation effects for each of these are examined, and factors to consider in their design are identified.
Abstract: The use of vacuum, gaseous He, and solid and liquid He as insulators is discussed. Degradation effects for each of these are examined. Practical insulation systems are considered. Factors to consider in their design are identified. >

35 citations


Patent
12 Jun 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, a solid state radar transmitter for use in airborne applications has a modular design which extends into the transmitter, consisting of a plurality of power modules the number of which is selected based on the power required for a particular application.
Abstract: A solid state radar transmitter for use in airborne applications has a modular design which extends into the transmitter. The transmitter is formed of a plurality of power modules the number of which is selected based on the power required for a particular application. For example, two 75 to 100 watt modules may be used for weather radar, while 30 to 60 or more modules may be used for fire control in a military fighter. A radio frequency signal from a stabilized local oscillator is distributed by a splitter to the power modules and a combiner is used to combine the output from the power modules to produce the transmitter output signal. Each power module is formed of parallel connected power amplifiers, preferably formed by GaAs FETs and a power conditioning and control unit. The power conditioning and control unit produces a DC bias across the FETs as desired to produce a particular signal. The transmitter output signals which can be produced in this manner include rectangular, Gaussian on a pedestal and one amplifier at a time for testing purposes.

35 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
23 Feb 1992
TL;DR: In this article, an approach to interfacing renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind-electric, and small hydroplants with three-phase utility systems is presented.
Abstract: An approach to interfacing renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind-electric, and small hydroplants with three-phase utility systems is presented. By modulating the DC-link currents and then reinjecting the modulating currents on the AC side, distortion in the line currents can be reduced to be within the allowable limits. Other advantages include the capability to provide electrical isolation by means of high-frequency transformers and the potential for an overall low cost. With the presently available semiconductor switches such as insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) and gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs), this approach can be used in a very wide range of voltage and power ratings in interfacing nearly all power electronics equipment to three-phase utility systems. >

Patent
08 Sep 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a power module for use in an electrical system of the type having a multiplexer which provides an output signal in response to an input signal, the output signal commanding that electrical power be furnished to a device, the power module including: a housing; a first end of the housing being adapted to be inserted into an electrical outlet; a second end being adapted for electrical connection to the device.
Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a power module for use in an electrical system of the type having a multiplexer which provides an output signal in response to an input signal, the output signal commanding that electrical power be furnished to a device, the power module including: a housing; a first end of the housing being adapted to be inserted into an electrical outlet; a second end of the housing being adapted for electrical connection to the device, such that, when the power module is turned on, electrical power will be furnished to the device and, when the power module is turned off, electrical power will be removed from the device; and connection means to connect the power module with the multiplexer to receive the output signal from the multiplexer so that the output signal will turn the power module on and/or off. In another aspect of the invention, a power switch similar to the power module is provided. In a further aspect of the invention, a telephone modular connector is provided. In an additional aspect of the invention, a cable with a shield layer surrounding a "hot" wire and a bare ground wire is provided. In yet another aspect of the invention, a portable multiplexer access device system is provided.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
29 Jun 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the concept of modular power conditioning systems for photovoltaic (PV) applications is discussed, with particular reference to the battery as the load, and a MOSFET-based power conditioning unit (PCU) of 1 kW capacity is discussed in detail along with a control algorithm to track the maximum power point.
Abstract: The concept of modular power conditioning systems for photovoltaic (PV) applications is discussed, with particular reference to the battery as the load. A MOSFET-based power conditioning unit (PCU) of 1 kW capacity is discussed in detail along with a control algorithm to track the maximum power point. Maximum power from each PV array is extracted in spite of any mismatch in the array characteristics. One system controller is capable of handling several PCUs, simplifying the design and resulting in a lower cost of the system. It was observed that the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) increases the power output by abut 10% over a day as compared to the direct connection. >


Proceedings ArticleDOI
29 Jun 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a set of criteria for comparing rival single-switch induction heating power converter topologies is introduced, and three single switch topologies are compared using a transmission efficiency study backed by extensive simulation and experimental measurement.
Abstract: A set of criteria for comparing rival single-switch induction heating power converter topologies are introduced. Three single-switch topologies are compared using a transmission efficiency study backed by extensive simulation and experimental measurement. The power handling capability of components is compared with the active power delivered by the power converter. This method of rating involves detailed analytical modeling and experimental verification. >

Patent
13 Oct 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a radio-type power supply apparatus, which can supply electric power positively within the rated power of a driving electronic apparatus without the requirement for wiring for supplying the power.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a radio-type power supply apparatus, which can supply electric power positively within the rated power of a driving electronic apparatus without the requirement for wiring for supplying the power. CONSTITUTION: Power supply from a master system 1 to a power receiver system 2 is performed by electromagnetic induction between electromagnetic induction coils 10 and 20. The transfer of power control information is performed by radio through antennas 11 and 21 between the master system 1 and the power receiver system 2. The electric power corresponding to the requested definition is supplied to the power receiver system 2 from the master system 1. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO&Japio

Proceedings ArticleDOI
04 Oct 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-power GaAs IC and power splitter were developed for 150cc-type cellular telephones, which can operate under 3 V, and the dissipation current is only half that of Si bipolar ICs.
Abstract: Low-power GaAs ICs and power modules have been developed for 150-cc-type cellular telephones. The front-end IC and power splitter IC can operate under 3 V, and the dissipation current is only half that of Si bipolar ICs. The front-end IC, consisting of a low-noise amplifier, local amplifier, and downconverter, shows a conversion gain of 22 dB at a local power of -15 dBm. The power splitter IC, used in dividing the output power of the voltage-controlled oscillator and supplying the local power to two mixers, shows an output power of 0 dBm and internal isolation of over 25 dB. The power module as a transmitter, composed of a two-stage hybrid amplifier using GaAs MESFETs, can operate at 4.7 V and deliver an output power of 1.5 W at f=950 MHz. >

Proceedings ArticleDOI
18 Oct 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a control scheme for parallel-connected converter systems that will transfer the maximum available power from a nonideal voltage source is presented, which can dynamically regulate the DC-DC converter system to track the peak power point of the source.
Abstract: A control scheme for parallel-connected converter systems that will transfer the maximum available power from a nonideal voltage source is presented. Monitoring the rates of change in both the average input current and the average input power from the source, the proposed control scheme can dynamically regulate the DC-DC converter system to track the peak power point of the source. The amplitude and the frequency of oscillation due to a limit cycle around the system peak power point are analyzed. >

Patent
18 Sep 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a refrigerant passage is formed in the stator frame of an electric motor for an electric automobile, and the power module of a control device is attached on the outer wall surface of the stators.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce the size and the weight of an electric motor and a control device even when heat-exchanger type cooling using a refrigerant is carried out. CONSTITUTION:A refrigerant passage 1j is formed in the stator frame 1d of an electric motor 1 for an electric automobile. Meanwhile, The power module 2a of a control device 2 is attached on the outer wall surface of the stator frame 1d. By the flow of cooling water through the refrigerant passage 1j, heat generated by means of the electric motor 1 and the power module 2a is simultaneously cooled.

Patent
26 Aug 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a switching circuit comprising a first input for receiving power from an external power supply, a second input for charging a battery, and an output for driving a device at least one of such power from the external supply and power from a battery is coupled to the power output.
Abstract: A switching circuit, comprising a first input for receiving power from an external power supply; a second input for receiving power for rapid charging a battery; means for selectively coupling to a power output for driving a device at least one of such power from the external power supply and power from the battery; and means for coupling such power for rapid charging a battery to the battery at the same time such power from the external power supply is coupled to the power output.

Patent
04 Aug 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a power line measuring apparatus for measuring or monitoring state change of current, voltage, temperature, and the like of power line such as a distribution line in which power of measuring power supply is taken out from power line.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide a power line measuring apparatus for measuring or monitoring state change of current, voltage, temperature, and the like of a power line such as a distribution line in which power of measuring power supply is taken out from power line. CONSTITUTION:The power line measuring apparatus comprises an annular power supply current transformer 2 to be noncontact mounted on a power line in order to take outpower supply power from the magnetic field produced by the load current of the power line, an AC power control circuit 3 comprising a semiconductor element 8 connected with the output terminal of the current transformer 2, a rectifying circuit 4 connected across the AC current control circuit 3, and a voltage detecting/controlling circuit 5 connected with the output terminal of the rectifying circuit 4 and actuates the semiconductor element 8 in the AC current control circuit upon detection of an overvoltage to perform current control. This constitution allows stabilized power supply for measuring circuit even upon variation of output current from the power supply current transformer 2 due to variation of load on the power line.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, a very efficient and very compact power module using GaAs MESFETs has been developed for cellular telephones, which is mounted inside a very small frame of 0.8 cm/sup 3.
Abstract: A highly efficient and very compact power module using GaAs MESFETs has been developed for cellular telephones. The very-high-performance FETs, PPO (poly-phenylene oxide) printed board, and 1005-type chip C/Rs are mounted inside a very small frame of 0.8 cm/sup 3/. The load impedance of the first FET in the module is set at 50 Omega in order to satisfy the stability of the module to prevent oscillation. The typical RF properties of the module are as follows: an output power of 32.3 dBm and a power-added efficiency of 65% at a frequency of 930 MHz, an input power of 7 dBm, an operating voltage of 4.7 V. >

Patent
08 Jul 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a P-channel power MOSFET is used as a power switching element, and a negative voltage is applied across a source and a gate from a DC/DC converter to turn on the P-Channel power MFSET so that power is supplied from a battery 2 which serves as one power supply.
Abstract: In order to reduce volume and weight of a power supply of a compact portable telephone set and thus reduce volume and weight of the compact portable telephone set itself, a P-channel power MOSFET is used as a power switching element, and a negative voltage, for example, -11 volts is applied across a source and a gate from a DC/DC converter to turn on the P-channel power MOSFET so that power is supplied from a battery 2 which serves as one power supply. When the gate and the source of the power MOSFET are maintained at the same potential, the power MOSFET is turned off and power is supplied from another power supply.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
04 Oct 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that the selection of a resonant converter topology for the power stage of a new switch mode power supply constructed to drive an ultraviolet-excimer gas discharge lamp matches the highly capacitive load characteristics of this lamp and delivers the needed inductive load compensation.
Abstract: It is shown that the selection of a resonant converter topology for the power stage of a new switch mode power supply constructed to drive an ultraviolet-excimer gas discharge lamp matches the highly capacitive load characteristics of this lamp and delivers the needed inductive load compensation. It leads to a converter design that promises highly efficient operation of the overall system together with a high power density of the power supply. This is because the reduction of switching losses achievable with this resonant concept allows switching frequencies in the range of several hundred kilohertz. Results for a mathematical model describing the steady-state operation of the system are presented and compared to PSPICE simulation. The operation of the system has been demonstrated with prototype converters delivering 2.2 kW nominal output power and a power density of about 55 W/in/sup 3/. >

Patent
Christofer Dr. Hierold1
06 Nov 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a temperature sensor is monolithically integrated in a semiconductor body together with a vertical power semiconductor structure, which is formed of two sensor cells that can be manufactured simultaneously with the power cells.
Abstract: A temperature sensor is monolithically integrated in a semiconductor body together with a vertical power semiconductor structure. The power semiconductor structure is formed of a plurality of power cells. The temperature sensor is formed of two sensor cells that can be manufactured simultaneously with the power cells. The advantage of the invention is that a highly sensitive temperature sensor can be manufactured in process-compatible fashion together with a vertical power semiconductor structure without additional steps and in a cost-beneficial way.

Patent
08 Apr 1992
TL;DR: A power circuit for a semiconductor apparatus consisting of an internal power voltage generating circuit, an external power voltage detecting circuit, a power voltage switching circuit, and a switching signal setting circuit is described in this article.
Abstract: A power circuit for a semiconductor apparatus comprising an internal power voltage generating circuit generating an internal power voltage, an external power voltage detecting circuit, a power voltage switching circuit switching the internal power voltage to the external power voltage in response to the output of the external power voltage detecting circuit, and a switching signal setting circuit. The output of the power voltage switching circuit is the internal power voltage when power is first applied to the semiconductor device. The switching signal setting circuit provides the correct power voltage switching signals quickly to the power voltage switching circuit when power is applied and the external power voltage is not inputted to the apparatus at the early stage of power application.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1992
TL;DR: In this article, a millimeter wave power amplifier using a 0.15-mu m, T-gate pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) was developed using a low-loss planar combiner.
Abstract: A millimeter wave power amplifier has been developed using a 0.15- mu m, T-gate pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (HEMT). It utilized a novel low-loss planar combiner. The performance obtained was 715-mW output power with more than 13-dB linear gain at 60 GHz, the highest results reported in the literature to date. These state-of-the-art results were attributed to the excellent device and combiner performance. The basic components as well as details of the power module are outlined. >

Proceedings ArticleDOI
09 Nov 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, a series connection of power transistors has been proposed, simulated, and studied experimentally to improve the reliability and efficiency of high-voltage power converters using series-connected transistors.
Abstract: In order to improve the reliability and efficiency of high-voltage power converters using series-connected power transistors, a novel method for series connection of power transistors has been proposed, simulated, and studied experimentally. This method has the following advantage compared with conventional methods: the snubber losses and switching times can be reduced by minimizing the value of snubber capacitors: the number of connected devices is not limited; the method is unrelated to the sequence of turn-off; and the circuit is relatively simple. This novel switching algorithm for series connection is able to implement not only dynamic voltage balancing despite the difference of switching characteristics but also the minimization of the value of the snubber capacitor by the Miller effect. >

Proceedings ArticleDOI
19 May 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe how the self-eating effect is included in power device models which are used for circuit simulations and show the significance of self-heating effect.
Abstract: This paper describes how the self4eating effect is included in power device models which are used for circuit simulations. As examples the thermal characteristics of the power MOSFET and the reverse diode are presented. Self-heating is determined by the power dissipation and by the thermal resistance and capacitance of device and package. These parameters are extracted from the observed thermal behavior of the device. The thermal and electrical device characteristics are mathematidy formulated and implemented in the circuit simulator SABER.. Results show the significance of the self-heating effect.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
03 Aug 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a proof-of-concept 2 kWe solar dynamic power system for the Space Station Freedom (SSF) to test in the vacuum/microgravity environment.
Abstract: The solar dynamic power system chosen by NASA for Space Station Freedom SSF requires validation in the vacuum/microgravity environment. The planned ground tests of a proof-of-concept 2 kWe solar dynamic system with address subsystem integration issues involving such major system components as the behavior of thermal energy storage materials. This test scheme will be scalable to 25 kWe, and will be flight-configured to incorporate features of the SSF's power module design.