Showing papers on "Power station published in 1982"

Wave power conversion by point absorbers - A Norwegian project

Abstract: SYNOPSIS This paper describes a spherical buoy, which can perform heaving oscillation relative to a strut joined to an anchor on the sea bed. The buoy is supplied with latching means for optimum phase control and with an air turbine for power take-off. The electrical generator is rated at 0.4 MW. An estimate is given for the cost of a 200 MW power plant and for its annual energy production if placed off the west coast of Norway. The estimated electricity cost is approximately 4 p/kWh. At the present stage of the research, it is consequently not competitive with hydroelectric power plants in Norway. However. There are several options for cost reduction of a powerbuoy plant.

Wind and solar powered turbine

Abstract: A power generating station (20) having a generator (28) driven by solar heat assisted ambient wind is disclosed. A first plurality of radially extending air passages (32) direct ambient wind to a radial flow wind turbine (34) disposed in a centrally located opening (46) in a substantially disc-shaped structure (21). A solar radiation collecting surface having black bodies (40) is disposed above the first plurality of air passages (32) and in communication with a second plurality of radial air passages (44). A cover plate (50) enclosing the second plurality of radial air passages (44) is transparent so as to permit solar radiation to effectively reach the black bodies (40). The second plurality of air passages (44) direct ambient wind and thermal updrafts generated by the black bodies (40) to an axial flow turbine (48) which also derives additional motive power from the air mass exhausted by the radial flow turbine (34). The rotating shaft (26) of the turbines (34) (48) drive the generator (28). The solar and wind driven power generating system operates in electrical cogeneration mode with a fuel powered prime mover (56). The system is particularly adapted to satisfy the power requirements of a relatively small community located in a geographic area having favorable climatic conditions for wind and solar powered power generation.

Gas turbine power plant

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas turbine power plant wherein the gas turbine is driven by gases and steam heated indirectly through a heat exchanger by the burning of corrosive fuels. One of the main improvements in the present invention is to utilize a state-of-the-art gas turbine in the power plant.

Rectifier control system for a DC power plant system

Abstract: A DC power plant system has the operation of its individual rectifiers controlled by a stored program control system for the purpose of optimizing power efficiency. Load power requirements are compared with rated capacities of operating rectifiers of the system and individual rectifiers are turned on or off so that the plant efficiency is always maximized. Rectifiers are selected for turn on and off in the basis of their rated power capacity and their accumulated operating times.

Air storage power station

Abstract: In an air storage power station heat is withdrawn from the compression process via a heating element (18) and passed into a heat storage device (15). During turbine operation the cold compressed air taken from the air reservoir (1) is first pre-heated with the stored heat in an air heater (21) and then passes via the recuperator (14) to the gas turbine (12',12"). In this way low-temperature corrosion at the exchange surfaces of the recuperator (14) on the flue gas side is avoided, especially during start-up of the gas turbine.

Method for reducing the amount of nox and for raising the output of a gas turbine power station of the type utilizing an air reservoir, and a gas turbine power station, of this type, operating in accordance with this method

Abstract: The gas turbine power station, which is of the type utilizing an air reservoir, and is operated in accordance with the method for reducing the amount of NO x and for raising output, possesses an intermediate condensate-vessel and a main condensate-vessel for receiving the condensate which is produced in the compressor-air coolers. From the main condensate vessel, the condensate is introduced into the combustion chambers of the gas turbine, optionally after passing through a recuperator.

Method of monitoring an electricity generating station equipped with a nuclear reactor

Abstract: Method of monitoring a nuclear power station by gathering information, called parameters, relating to the operation and state of the power station and its auxiliary equipment, comparing these parameters with reference data corresponding to normal operation, and signaling the differences, in order to permit an operator to evaluate the state of the power station very quickly, and to undertake any needed steps promptly.

Combination power plant

Abstract: A combination power plant including an ocean thermal energy conversion power plant and a steam generation power plant. Water discharged from a condenser in the ocean thermal energy conversion power plant is mixed with water discharged from an evaporator in the ocean thermal energy conversion power plant. The mixed water is used as cooling water for a condenser in the steam generation power plant. Part of the water discharged from the condenser in the steam generation power plant is used as heating water for the evaporator in the ocean thermal energy conversion power plant.

Power plant integrated with coal gasification

Abstract: A power plant integrated with coal gasification includes an oxygen plant for separating oxygen from air and a coal gasification plant for producing a combustible gas by reaction of coal with a gasifying agent containing at least oxygen as an effective component. The combustible gas is supplied as a fuel to a gas turbine, and a portion of compressed air is bled from an air compressor for gas turbine at the outlet or at the intermediate stage of the air compressor, and divided into two portions, one of which is supplied as feed air to the oxygen plant, thus eliminating the need for a feed air compressor, and another of which is mixed with the oxygen from the oxygen plant to prepare oxygen-enriched air, which is supplied to the coal gasification plant, thus reducing the capacity of the oxygen plant.

Power plant with a gas turbine for operation of a generator

Abstract: An electrical power plant with gas turbine plant operating with a fluidized bed combustion chamber and a gas turbine-driven electrical generator includes at least one device for rapidly influencing the speed of the generator upon synchronizing the generator for connecting its output into an electrical network. This device may comprise a resistor connectible to the generator output to decelerate the generator, an electrical machine connectible to the generator which is capable of accelerating or decelerating the generator, flow control valves in various gas conduits to rapidly influence the gas flow through one or more of the turbines thereof, an injection nozzle for the injection of water or steam into the combustion gases from the combustion chamber, or an auxiliary combustion chamber for augmenting the thermal output of the fluidized bed combustion chamber.

Boiler loading system

Abstract: A boiler loading system is disclosed which is used for loading one of a plurality of boilers in a power plant to satisfy a load demand. Each of the boilers is continuously monitored for an optimum efficiency change whether for a boiler load increase demand or boiler load decrease demand. The boiler with the largest efficiency change for a boiler load increase is selected to satisfy the plant demand and a boiler with the lowest efficiency change decrease is selected where the load demand is for a reduced load.

Two reservoir solar air-weight impelling hydro power system

Abstract: Using a two Reservoir System, a portion of the water moves from Reservoir to Reservoir. In its path, it collects air, which is expanded by Solar Energy, which helps to move weights, by an expanding and contracting float method to create substantial Hydro Power, after which it returns back to the path of which it started, without causing any pollution and without using any outside fuel whatsoever.

Method for maintenance and monitor of gas turbine plant

Abstract: PURPOSE:To forecast on line precisely a maintenance time by discriminating whether an operation state is under peak load or under base load from calculated power generating capacity value and by accumulating the time and number of every each operating state basing on this to obtain the turbine life. CONSTITUTION:The maintaining and watching apparatus 2 inputs a fuel gas amount 4, the turbine operating state 5, a generated power amount 6, a fuel state 7, a fuel oil amount 8 from a gas turbine power generating plant 1. The apparatus 2 outputs a combustion maintaining data 9, a hot gas bath maintaining data 10, a turbine exchanging data 11 to a monitoring output apparatus 3 according to these inputs signals to perform the maintenance and monitor in the gas turbine. The operating state is discriminated whether it is under the base load operation or under the peak load operation at each fuel basing on the power generating capacity due to each fuel of gas and oil to obtain the number and time of the operation at each operating state. The turbine life ratios of each operating state are calculated from this number and time of the operation, and the maintenance time is determined due to the turbine life ratio in all operating states.

A Rack Mounted Complete DC Power System

Abstract: Development of DC power systems in British Telecom aims to produce power plant which is aligned with equipment needs and practice. The modern needs are for greater flexibility and for the power equipment to be compatible in all respects with an equipment environment. These aims are now possible with the use of switch mode power supply and sealed secondary cells for power storage. Full advantage is being taken of the technological developments in both these areas, to produce a power equipment rack for installation en-suite with telecommunications equipment. This rack will provide all the necessary conversion and power storage from the public mains input (240V ac) to the secure dc supply voltage. This paper discusses the changing needs for power and the development of a power package for use with our new telecommunications system. The concept has been developed with reliability, flexibility, installation and maintenance in mind. There are significant advantages in terms of capital provision, saving on DC distribution, reduced lead times and accommodation.

Coal plus refuse burning power station - has refuse-fired boiler steam fed into coal-fired boiler system after high-pressure turbine, before reheater

Abstract: The power station runs on ordinary fuel, partic. hard coal-, plus refuse. There is a fuel-fired main boiler serving a turbine set with an HP- followed by one or more lower pressure turbines, and refuse burning facilities releasing heat utilised in the turbine set. The refuse-fired boiler steam side is connected to the inlet of a reheater between the high pressure and the other turbines, and to at least one steam user system fed from the turbine set via a pass-out line. The refuse-fired boiler may have an auxiliary boiler in parallel and/or may be supplementary firing.

Power plant having a free piston combustion member

Abstract: A power plant including a vane type engine having fuel compression means and a gas expansion means. Air or an air-fuel mixture compressed by the vanes in the compression means is fed to a free piston combustion member where burning takes place and gases are returned to the gas expansion means of the engine to drive the power shaft.

The 125 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant “Korneuburg-B”: Design Features, Plant Performance and Operating Experience

Abstract: In January 1980 NEWAG, an Austrian utility, commissioned a natural gas fired 125 MW combined cycle unit at Korneuburg near Vienna. The plant has some interesting characteristics which have led to an exceptionally high net efficiency during the first 19 months of operation though the plant is started twice daily within 30 minutes and is used for medium/peak load shaving. A detailed description of the fully automized plant systems, their main components, the design and test data, as well as the operational experience are given in this paper. The Korneuburg plant can be considered as an example of the present state of the art of power plant engineering.Copyright © 1982 by ASME

Shell coal gasification process

Abstract: Gas produced (93 to 98% by volume hydrogen and carbon monoxide) is suitable for the manufacture of hydrogen or reducing gas and, with further processing, substitute natural gas (SNG). Moreover, the gas can be used for the synthesis of ammonia, methanol, and liquid hydrocarbons. Another possible application of this process is as an integral part of a combined-cycle power station featuring both gas and steam turbines. Such integration of a Shell coal gasifier with a combined-cycle power station will allow for electricity generation at 42 to 45% efficiency for a wide range of feed coals. The development program includes the operation of a 150 t/d gasifier at Deutsche Shell's Harburg refinery since November 1978 and of a 6 t/d process development unit at Royal Dutch Shell's Amsterdam laboratories from December 1976 onwards. The next step will be the construction and operation of 1000 to 2000 t/d prototype plants which are scheduled for commissioning in the mid-1980's. Towards the end of the eighties or early nineties, large commercial units with up to 2500 t/d gasifiers are contemplated.

Control circuit and system for providing emergency lighting

Abstract: A control circuit and system is disclosed for providing emergency lighting from a single source of electrical power which itself is capable of providing input power alternately in the form of a sinusoidal power signal and a square wave power signal during interruption of the sinusoidal power signal. In the preferred form of the invention, a high intensity discharge lamp (HID) and an emergency lamp are provided in the same lighting fixture. A control circuit in the form of a power source detector first detects whether a sinusoidal power signal or a square wave signal is being supplied from a power station onto a pair of input lines. The power station automatically supplies the detector with input power in the form of a square wave rather than the normal sinusoidal power signal when an emergency condition exists such as normal power failure. The detector couples the input power to the HID lamp and the input power is sinusoidal in form and, alternatively, automatically couples the input power to the emergency lamp when the input power is in the form of a square wave.

Estimated optimum control system of power plant

Abstract: PURPOSE:To ensure a satisfactory load following control, by controlling a power plant by predicting the future working state of the thermal power plant based on a load command. CONSTITUTION:A central feed command center 500 predicts the load demand of the power system and decides the load distribution of a thermal power plant 400 at the present point and a near future point. Then the load distributions of the present and near future points are delivered to each power plant in the form of the load comands of the present and near future points. A prediction control system 100 incorporated with model controls a system of a combination of a master controller 200, a subcontroller 300 and the plate 400. Thus the system 100 containing a model predicts the near future condition of the controlled system based on the load command given from the center 500. Based on the result of this prediction, an optimum control is given to the controlled system. This ensures a satisfactory load following control.

Power-generating station, in particular hydraulic power generating station

Abstract: In these stations, a working substance, such as for example water, which is conducted in the circuit and is capable of flowing is provided and is fed to the working machine via a sloping region. In order to improve the efficiency of the station, a vacuum connection is provided in the riser line of the circuit, which vacuum connection is intended to cause the working substance to rise. In this way, a vacuum chamber which is connected to the circuit can be arranged at the upper end of the riser line.

NOx reduction for gas turbines by water injection into the combustion chamber

Abstract: The air storage gas turbine power plant operated by the process for NO the condensate from the container (13), optionally after passing through a recuperator (6), into the combustion chambers (8, 9) of the gas turbine (1) is introduced.

Gas turbine power station with an air storage system

Abstract: In an air-storage power plant the compression process via a heating element (18), heat is extracted and passed into a heat store (15). the cold, the air reservoir (1) is pre-heated air taken from the heat stored initially in an air heater (21) and then through the recuperator (14) during turbine operation led to the gas turbine (12 ', 12 "). This is low-temperature corrosion at the flue gas side exchange surfaces of the recuperator (14) especially avoided when starting the gas turbine.

Method for providing power near the coast

Abstract: Utilisation of nuclear-powered ships and nuclear submarines as mobile electricity power stations. Principle: The generators of the ship and of the nuclear submarine are connected by means of cables to a changeover mechanism on the coast.

Airborne wind-power plant

Abstract: Power plant floating in the air which generates electric power by wind and transmits the generated power to the ground. Conventionally, a wind-driven generator installed on the ground is selectively positioned at the place where the wind-power energy would be harnessed. It is, however, difficult to always obtain stable wind-power energy, i.e., there are some cases where no wind-power energy is obtained and relatively many cases where little energy is obtained. Founded on this fact, provided is a power-plant floating in the air where stronger wind-power energy exists compared with the ground. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the airborne power plant comprises a vessel body (1), which contains a lighter than-air gas so as to be able to float in the air and having main wings (2) for generating lift by air flow, a wind-driven generator (5) installed on the outer side wall of the vessel body (1), and a cable (8) for transmitting the generated power to the ground and additionally for mooring the vessel body to the ground.

Method of generating electricity by falling small particles of steel or lead instead of water

Abstract: PURPOSE:To generate electricity in an economical manner from general view point by the use of a relatively small scaled power plant, by driving a generator by the use of small particles of steel or lead instead of water. CONSTITUTION:When a gate 3 disposed at the bottom of steel or lead particle reserving tank 1 that corresponds to a reservoir in a hydroelectric power plant is opened, small particles 2 of steel or lead in the tank 1 fall through a pipe 4 or the like at a high speed and are ejected from a nozzle 5 onto buckets 7 of a runner 6 at an increased speed. Resultantly, the runner 6 is caused to turn at a high speed together with driving wheels 8, 9, so that a turbine 10 connected to the driving wheels 8, 9 is caused to turn and a generator 11 connected to the turbine 10 is driven in turn. Electricity thus generated is sent to a transformer 12, and after adjustment of voltage at the transformer 12, is transmitted from a power board 13. On the other hand, small particles 2 of steel or lead are collected into a conduit 14 after use for driving the runner 6, and then carried back to the tank 1 by means of a lift 16.

An investigation of the effect of wind cooling on photovoltaic arrays

Abstract: Convective cooling of photovoltaic modules for different wind conditions, including steady state controlled testing in a solar simulator and natural test environments in a field was investigated. Analytical thermal models of different module designs were used to correlate experimental data. The applicability of existing heat transfer correlations is confirmed. Reasonable agreement is obtained by applying a power law wind profile.