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Showing papers on "Power station published in 2019"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A membrane-distillation device that exploits sunlight and the heat dissipated by an integrated solar cell unit, enabling simultaneous efficient production of electricity and drinkable water is developed.
Abstract: The energy shortage and clean water scarcity are two key challenges for global sustainable development. Near half of the total global water withdrawals is consumed by power generation plants while water desalination consumes lots of electricity. Here, we demonstrate a photovoltaics-membrane distillation (PV-MD) device that can stably produce clean water (>1.64 kg·m−2·h−1) from seawater while simultaneously having uncompromised electricity generation performance (>11%) under one Sun irradiation. Its high clean water production rate is realized by constructing multi stage membrane distillation (MSMD) device at the backside of the solar cell to recycle the latent heat of water vapor condensation in each distillation stage. This composite device can significantly reduce capital investment costs by sharing the same land and the same mounting system and thus represents a potential possibility to transform an electricity power plant from otherwise a water consumer to a fresh water producer. The increasing demand for energy and clean water has become a grand global challenge. Here the authors develop a membrane-distillation device that exploits sunlight and the heat dissipated by an integrated solar cell unit, enabling simultaneous efficient production of electricity and drinkable water.

238 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel model for the day-ahead self-scheduling problem of a virtual power plant trading in both energy and reserve electricity markets is proposed, cast as a stochastic adaptive robust optimization problem, which is solved using a column-and-constraint generation algorithm.
Abstract: This paper proposes a novel model for the day-ahead self-scheduling problem of a virtual power plant trading in both energy and reserve electricity markets. The virtual power plant comprises a conventional power plant, an energy storage facility, a wind power unit, and a flexible demand. This multi-component system participates in energy and reserve electricity markets as a single entity in order to optimize the use of energy resources. As a salient feature, the proposed model considers the uncertainty associated with the virtual power plant being called upon by the system operator to deploy reserves. In addition, uncertainty in available wind power generation and requests for reserve deployment is modeled using confidence bounds and intervals, respectively, while uncertainty in market prices is modeled using scenarios. The resulting model is thus cast as a stochastic adaptive robust optimization problem, which is solved using a column-and-constraint generation algorithm. Results from a case study illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

186 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed method for the mid-to-long term wind and photovoltaic power generation prediction based on copula function and long short term memory network outperforms both the persistence model and the support vector machine model, and can have widespread applicability in limited data sample cases.

155 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the energy return on input of thermal plants with carbon capture is in general lower than that of most types of renewable energy even when combined with energy storage.
Abstract: Carbon capture and storage (CCS) for fossil-fuel power plants is perceived as a critical technology for climate mitigation. Nevertheless, limited installed capacity to date raises concerns about the ability of CCS to scale sufficiently. Conversely, scalable renewable electricity installations—solar and wind—are already deployed at scale and have demonstrated a rapid expansion potential. Here we show that power-sector CO2 emission reductions accomplished by investing in renewable technologies generally provide a better energetic return than CCS. We estimate the electrical energy return on energy invested ratio of CCS projects, accounting for their operational and infrastructural energy penalties, to range between 6.6:1 and 21.3:1 for 90% capture ratio and 85% capacity factor. These values compare unfavourably with dispatchable scalable renewable electricity with storage, which ranges from 9:1 to 30+:1 under realistic configurations. Therefore, renewables plus storage provide a more energetically effective approach to climate mitigation than constructing CCS fossil-fuel power stations. Carbon capture and storage can help reduce fossil-fuel power-plant emissions. Here the authors show that the energy return on input of thermal plants with carbon capture is in general lower than the energy return of most types of renewable energy even when combined with energy storage.

120 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the current research activities and the possible future directions of research to develop medium-voltage converter technologies to provide for a cost-effective grid integration of solar PV power plants are presented.
Abstract: More than 170 countries have already established renewable energy targets to meet their national increasing energy demand and also to keep their environment sustainable. Due to a number of features, the use of the multi-megawatt solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants is becoming the preferred choice for escalating and updating the power systems all over the world. Moreover, the solar PV power plant is also the first choice for meeting rapidly growing demands; as it can be installed relatively quickly, say in 6–12 months, compared to that of the fossil-fuel-based plants that may require more than 4–5 years. The traditional low-voltage (288–690 V) converter-based system requires a step-up transformer and a line filter to interconnect a solar PV power plant with medium-voltage grids. Recently, the use of medium-voltage converters without a step-up transformer and a line filter has become more attractive for direct medium-voltage grid integration of solar PV power plants. This paper aims to review the necessity and the technical challenges in developing medium-voltage power electronic converters, including the converter circuit topologies and control techniques used in the development of medium-voltage converters to interconnect solar PV power plants to medium-voltage grids directly. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the current research activities and the possible future directions of research to develop medium-voltage converter technologies to provide for a cost-effective grid integration of solar PV power plants are presented.

116 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a 1000MW supercritical coal-fired power plant was modeled using commercial simulation software (GSE for thermodynamic simulation and SimaPro for LCA analysis) to establish an overall concept for the estimation of environmental impacts from PCPP under nominal and partial loads with combined thermodynamic analysis and LCA methodology.

113 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The integration of a steam accumulator and a Ruths storage into the power plant process leads to an improved load flexibility with regard to a temporary reduction of the minimum load as well as to the possibility of performing a load change at a constant firing rate.

103 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis (GIS-MCDA) technique is used to generate maps that represent potential areas for solar power plants in four provinces with different climate conditions in Iran.

101 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the various aspects of nuclear desalination, the different nuclear reactors that have been coupled with desaline processes, and the hybrid desalinization systems coupled with nuclear reactors.

99 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Simulation results of a 20MW solar farm demonstrate that the proposed method can ensure the rated power transfer of PV power plant with SCR of 1.25, provided that PV inverters with PFmin=0.9 is used.
Abstract: This paper analyzes the power transfer limitation of the photovoltaic (PV) power plant under the ultra-weak grid condition, i.e., when the short-circuit ratio (SCR) is close to 1. It explicitly identifies that a minimum SCR of 2 is required for the PV power plant to deliver the rated active power when operating with the unity power factor. Then, considering the reactive power compensation from PV inverters, the minimum SCR in respect to power factor (PF) is derived, and the optimized coordination of the active and reactive power is exploited. It is revealed that the power transfer capability of PV power plant under the ultra-weak grid is significantly improved with the low PF operation. An adaptive reactive power droop control is next proposed to effectively distribute the reactive power demands to the individual inverters, and meanwhile, maximize the power transfer capacity of the PV power plant. Simulation results of a 200-MW PV power plant demonstrate that the proposed method can ensure the rated power transfer of PV power plant with the SCR of 1.25, provided that the PV inverters are operated with the minimal PF=0.9.

98 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
07 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this article, a standard primary energy-based thermodynamic framework is presented that addresses the energy efficacy of assorted desalination processes, and a standard universal performance ratio methodology is also proposed to provide a level playing field for the comparison of desalification processes; this suggest that the majority of processes are operating far from the sustainable zone, with only ~10−13% at the ideal or thermodynamic limit.
Abstract: Considering different grades of energy as equivalent in the desalination industry could have negative economic and environmental consequences. Whereas this approach will suffice for the comparison of same energy input processes, omitting the grade of energy when comparing diverse technologies may lead to incorrect conclusions and, resultantly, inefficient installations. Here, a standard primary energy-based thermodynamic framework is presented that addresses the energy efficacy of assorted desalination processes. Example calculations show that a thermal desalination plant integrated with a power plant consumes 2–3% of input standard primary energy. We also propose a standard universal performance ratio methodology to provide a level playing field for the comparison of desalination processes; this suggest that the majority of desalination processes are operating far from the sustainable zone, with only ~10–13% at the ideal or thermodynamic limit. A proposed roadmap shows that attaining an efficacy level of up to 25–30% of the thermodynamic limit is crucial for achieving the 2030 sustainability development goals for seawater desalination, which will require a technological shift in the capability of dissolved salts separation processes. A thermodynamic framework enables comparison of different desalination plants and processes. Desalination of seawater is a key process for meeting the worlds growing need for potable water, enabled by substantial increases in efficiency of the process of over the last few decades. Now, Kim Choon Ng and colleagues from King Abdullah University of Science & Technology argue that the grade of input energy used during desalination, defined by how the energy is generated, must be considered when determining the efficiency of desalination plants. They define a metric to assess process efficiency, suggesting that the majority of desalination processes are operating below the ideal thermodynamic limit.

Journal ArticleDOI
Gaoliang Liao1, Lijun Liu1, Jiaqiang E1, Feng Zhang1, Jingwei Chen1, Yuanwang Deng1, Hao Zhu1 
TL;DR: In this article, an extensive overview of the state of the art of S-CO2 power cycles, including the performance analysis and dynamic control strategy, the design and analysis of heat exchangers and turbo-machineries, the different applications of S CO2 power cycle in nuclear industries, solar energy, coal-fired power plant, fuel cell and other waste heat recovery.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a wind-turbine coupled with a solar thermal power system to form a windsolar hybrid system is proposed to reduce wind curtailment, and a simulation model of the hybrid system, which consists several modules/sub-models is developed.

Journal ArticleDOI
Qianyi Liu1, Yong Li1, Longfu Luo1, Yanjian Peng1, Yijia Cao1 
TL;DR: The site tests of the PV power plant with transformer integrated filtering method show that the PV grid-connected system comprised of the two-stage filtering station has the characteristics of low harmonic emission, high power factor, and stable operation.
Abstract: This paper presents a new solution of power quality management for the photovoltaic (PV) power plant with the transformer integrated filtering method. The innovation of the PV power plant is that it contains two-stage filtering station, which consists of a box-type transformer with integrated filter and a 110 kV grid-connected transformer based on inductive filtering method. The filtering reactor can be integrated into the box-type transformer as a decoupled winding, so that the modular design of the box-type transformer and the passive filter is realized. Inductive filtering method applied in the grid-connected transformer not only improves the power quality at the point of common coupling, but dampens the harmonic resonance between the passive filter and grid. The hierarchical structure of the PV power plant is introduced firstly. Then, the equivalent circuit model and the mathematical model of the primary and secondary filtering stations are established, respectively. Moreover, the influence of the weak coupling of integrated reactor on the filtering performance is analyzed. The antijamming capabilities of the inductive filtering method and the traditional filtering method are compared under the condition of parameter disturbance. At last, the site tests of the PV power plant with transformer integrated filtering method are made, which show that the PV grid-connected system comprised of the two-stage filtering station has the characteristics of low harmonic emission, high power factor, and stable operation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a combined heating and power plant consisting of molten carbonate fuel cell and parabolic trough solar collector with the carbon dioxide capturing process is investigated, and the results show that the electrical, overall and exergy efficiencies of the power plant are 37.68%, 71.29% and 45.13% respectively.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a sensitivity analysis has been carried out for investigating the technoeconomic impact of different storage technologies (i.e., lithium-ion, Vanadium redox, ice and phase change material thermal storage) for optimally designing and operating a multi-energy system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The most common insulating gas used in GIS is Sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) gas, which is widely used as an effective electrical insulation as well as an arc-quenching medium.
Abstract: Power utilities are struggling to reduce power failure incidents in substations and their components to operate more reliably and economically [1]. Many power failures are produced directly or indirectly because of the insulation system of utility components [2], [3]. The selection of the insulation should ensure power plant operational continuity along with completely resolving or significantly limiting the actual power system's failures [4]. Gas insulated substations (GIS) have the best insulation performance which ensures achieving minimum failure incidents, although at high installation cost. The most common insulating gas used in GIS is Sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) gas, which is widely used as an effective electrical insulation as well as an arc-quenching medium [5]. Basic GIS and gas insulated transmission lines (GITL or GIL) consist of a conductor supported by solid insulators inside an enclosure filled with SF 6 gas or its mixture [6].

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a waste-to-energy conversion system which utilizes municipal solid waste consists of gasification, solid oxide fuel cell, gas turbine, steam turbine, organic Rankine cycle and absorption refrigeration cycles.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated system of simultaneous power generation, refrigeration and desalination cycle using a molten carbonate fuel cell, is developed and investigated, and the process is simulated by HYSYS and MATLAB softwares.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a technoeconomic and environmental assessment of a biomass gasification based power plant integrating a solid oxide fuel cell module, an externally fired gas turbine and an organic Rankine cycle.

Journal ArticleDOI
Jingwei Yang1, Ning Zhang1, Yaohua Cheng1, Chongqing Kang1, Qing Xia1 
TL;DR: The concept of combined P2G and gas-fired power plant (GFPP) system is proposed as a potential solution for the globally recognized imperatives to reduce CO2 emission and utilize renewable energy.
Abstract: The rapid development of power-to-gas (P2G) technology is promoting the integration of renewables and the interaction between multiple energy systems. In this paper, the concept of combined P2G and gas-fired power plant (GFPP) system is proposed as a potential solution for the globally recognized imperatives to reduce CO2 emission and utilize renewable energy. The proposed system is featured by the on-site conversion of CO2 back to the fuels of GFPP and thus recycles CO2 without long-distance transport. This paper further establishes the mathematical model of the proposed system. Detailed gas, electricity and heat flow inside the system are explained and the input/output relationship is derived as well. This paper also studies the operational range and optimal scheduling method of the proposed system to quantify its ability on the reduction of CO2 emission and utilization of renewables. According to the estimation, the GFPP-P2G system is able to utilize approximately 30% of the surplus renewables for electricity generation and 20% for heat generation. The combined GFPP-P2G system is also compared with the standalone GFPP through several cases. The numerical study shows great effect of the proposed system on the utilization of renewables and reduction of CO2 emission.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the synergies between air pollution control devices in a 660MW power plant burning high-sulfur coal were investigated to establish a correlation between device performance and operational parameters.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A complementarity evaluation method for wind power, photovoltaic and hydropower by thoroughly examining the fluctuation of the independent and combined power generation and it is found that the proposed method has higher accuracy because it describes the complementarity from two aspects including fluctuation and ramp.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This scheme designs a deep RL-based energy trading algorithm to address the supply–demand mismatch problem for a smart grid with a large number of MGs without relying on the renewable energy generation and power demand models of other MGs.
Abstract: With dynamic renewable energy generation and power demand, microgrids (MGs) exchange energy with each other to reduce their dependence on power plants. In this article, we present a reinforcement learning (RL)-based MG energy trading scheme to choose the electric energy trading policy according to the predicted future renewable energy generation, the estimated future power demand, and the MG battery level. This scheme designs a deep RL-based energy trading algorithm to address the supply–demand mismatch problem for a smart grid with a large number of MGs without relying on the renewable energy generation and power demand models of other MGs. A performance bound on the MG utility and dependence on the power plant is provided. Simulation results based on a smart grid with three MGs using wind speed data from Hong Kong Observation and electricity prices from ISO New England show that this scheme significantly reduces the average power plant schedule and thus increases the MG utility in comparison with a benchmark methodology.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, ten life cycle assessment models were developed based on the Integrated Environmental Control Model and GaBi software to quantify the performance parameters of different power plants and the influence of the co-firing ratio on various environmental impact categories.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid configuration of a concentrating solar power plant accompanied with a waste incineration unit is proposed, which can pave the bed for increasing the share of solar thermal power and bringing more waste incinerators to the electricity market.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The simulation results demonstrate the proposed modeling framework is superior over conventional centralized optimal scheduling models widely used in the literature in terms of reducing operating cost and computational complexity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Microalgal bio-fixation of flue gas is an alternative promising and competent technology with assurance of eco-friendly path of low energy and low-cost solution for pollution abetment with production of value added products.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2019-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the competitiveness of the CFPP that responsible for the entire chain of carbon capture, the transportation and storage (CPCCS) was compared with the natural gas combined cycle power plants (NGCC), the centralized solar photovoltaic power station (CPV), the on-shore wind farms (WF), and the agro-forestry biomass direct combustion power plants(BPP), through calculating the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) at the same emission reduction level from the national and regional perspectives.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a possible enhanced geothermal system and numerically investigated the effects of injection rate, well spacing, and injection temperature on the system performance, providing useful insight into hydraulic pressure, thermal production, and power generation processes for the Qiabuqia geothermal field.