Pregnancy

About: Pregnancy is a(n) research topic. Over the lifetime, 163969 publication(s) have been published within this topic receiving 4013502 citation(s). The topic is also known as: pregnancy & gestation.

Periodontal disease in pregnancy. i. prevalence and severity.

Abstract: (1963). Periodontal Disease in Pregnancy I. Prevalence and Severity. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica: Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 533-551.

Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth

Abstract: Summary This paper is the first in a three-part series on preterm birth, which is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Infants are born preterm at less than 37 weeks' gestational age after: (1) spontaneous labour with intact membranes, (2) preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM), and (3) labour induction or caesarean delivery for maternal or fetal indications. The frequency of preterm births is about 12–13% in the USA and 5–9% in many other developed countries; however, the rate of preterm birth has increased in many locations, predominantly because of increasing indicated preterm births and preterm delivery of artificially conceived multiple pregnancies. Common reasons for indicated preterm births include pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. Births that follow spontaneous preterm labour and PPROM—together called spontaneous preterm births—are regarded as a syndrome resulting from multiple causes, including infection or inflammation, vascular disease, and uterine overdistension. Risk factors for spontaneous preterm births include a previous preterm birth, black race, periodontal disease, and low maternal body-mass index. A short cervical length and a raised cervical-vaginal fetal fibronectin concentration are the strongest predictors of spontaneous preterm birth.

International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy.

Abstract: In the accompanying comment letter (1), Weinert summarizes published data from the Brazilian Gestational Diabetes Study (2) and comments on applying International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) Consensus Panel recommendations (3) for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to that cohort The Brazilian study provided evidence that adverse perinatal outcomes are associated with levels of maternal glycemia below those diagnostic of GDM by American Diabetes Association or World Health Organization criteria However, the results were potentially confounded by the treatment of GDM It did find that women with GDM were at increased risk for some …

Prevention of the First Occurrence of Neural-Tube Defects by Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation

Abstract: Background. The risk of recurrent neural-tube defects is decreased in women who take folic acid or multivitamins containing folic acid during the periconceptional period. The extent to which such supplementation can reduce the first occurrence of defects is not known. Methods. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation to test the efficacy of this treatment in reducing the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects. Women planning a pregnancy (in most cases their first) were randomly assigned to receive a single tablet of a vitamin supplement (containing 12 vitamins, including 0.8 mg of folic acid; 4 minerals; and 3 trace elements) or a trace-element supplement (containing copper, manganese, zinc, and a very low dose of vitamin C) daily for at least one month before conception and until the date of the second missed menstrual period or later. Results. Pregnancy was confirmed in 4753 women. The outcome of the pregnancy (whether the fetu...