Showing papers on "Pregnancy published in 1981"
TL;DR: Fetal malformations occur before eight weeks of gestation (postmenstrual dates), when most diabetic pregnant women have not yet come to medical attention, and there has been no objective method to assess control.
Abstract: PERINATAL mortality has decreased in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus.1 As losses from stillbirths, intrapartum asphyxia, and hyaline-membrane disease diminish, major congenital anomalies emerge as the most important causes of mortality in infants of diabetic mothers.1 , 2 The overall incidence of major anomalies was 6 to 9 per cent in several large studies of such infants1 2 3 — three to four times that found in a general neonatal population.4 Fetal malformations occur before eight weeks of gestation (postmenstrual dates), when most diabetic pregnant women have not yet come to medical attention.5 Until recently, there has been no objective method to assess control . . .
617 citations
TL;DR: A prospective field study was carried out during an epidemic of non-A non-B hepatitis for determining the incidence and severity of hepatitis in pregnant women, nonpregnant women of child bearing age and men and fulminant hepatitis was observed exclusively in the last trimester.
511 citations
TL;DR: The hypothesis is put forward that hypertension of pregnancy is a compensatory mechanism to ensure an adequate blood supply to the placenta when the‘physiological changes’ fail to occur.
375 citations
366 citations
TL;DR: The rise in plasma ACTH concentrations, asregnancy advances, is suggestive of the possibility that a source of ACTH exists that is not subject to negative feedback control, that the clearance of free cortisol increases as pregnancy advances, or that there is an alteration in the metabolism of the ACTH precursor protein produced by the pituitary and/or placenta.
332 citations
TL;DR: The presence of trophoblast/lymphocyte cross-reactive (TLX) antigens, which stimulate the mother to mount a response with blastocyst protective factors and which prevent maternal rejection of the antigenically unique embryo, might explain these results.
293 citations
TL;DR: The increased risk of ectopic pregnancy after salpingitis is confirmed and the increase in the incidence of ectopy pregnancy in Lund from 1960 to 1979 was partly accounted for by the use of IUCDs.
Abstract: In a 20-year longitudinal study on ectopic pregnancy in a defined population of women aged 15-39 years the rate of ectopic pregnancy per 1000 diagnosed conceptions increased from 5.8 during 1960-4 to 11.1 during 1975-9. The mean annual incidence of ectopic pregnancy per 1000 women increased from 0.6 to 1.2 during the same period. The numbers of ectopic pregnancies per 1000 diagnosed conceptions increased with increasing age of the women and were 4.1, in the teenage group 6.9, in women aged 20-29 years, and 12.9 in women aged 30-39. Among 20- to 29-year-old sexually active women at risk of pregnancy who had never had acute salpingitis the rates of ectopic pregnancy per 100 woman-years were the same in those who did not use contraceptives as in those using non-medicated or copper-medicated intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs; 0.3/100 woman years). The risk of an ectopic pregnancy increased sevenfold after acute salpingitis. These findings confirm the increased risk of ectopic pregnancy after salpingitis and suggest that the increase in the incidence of ectopic pregnancy in Lund from 1960 to 1979 was partly accounted for by the use of IUCDs.
279 citations
TL;DR: Athero‐matous‐like lesions of similar morphology were found in spiral arteries from both normotensive and hypertensive pregnancies complicated by fetal growth retardation, and no arteriopathy was found which was specific for pre‐eclampsia.
271 citations
TL;DR: Effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and GFR/ERPF was significantly reduced during early pregnancy but rose to a value equivalent to the non‐pregnant during the third trimester.
261 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The hCG level that distinguishes patients with intrauterine pregnancies in whom a gestational sac can be seen from those in whom it cannot be seen was determined and designated as the discriminatory hCG zone, which lies between 6000 and 6500 mlU/ml.
260 citations
TL;DR: Inflammatory bowel disease, except for severe active Crohn's disease, does not seem to affect the outcome of concurrent pregnancy adversely, and the use of corticosteroid and sulfasalazine in pregnancy associated with ulcerative colitis is unlikely to increase the fetal morbidity or mortality.
Book•
01 Jan 1981
TL;DR: This website will show you the sex and pregnancy in adolescence that will be your best choice for better reading book, and you can take the book as a source to make better concept.
Abstract: Give us 5 minutes and we will show you the best book to read today. This is it, the sex and pregnancy in adolescence that will be your best choice for better reading book. Your five times will not spend wasted by reading this website. You can take the book as a source to make better concept. Referring the books that can be situated with your needs is sometime difficult. But here, this is so easy. You can find the best thing of book that you can read.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The possibility of distinguishing between normal intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies by determining the lower limit of the rate of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) increase in early pregnancy was investigated.
TL;DR: The results suggest the risk of maternal death is low in women with the Marfan syndrome who have minimal cardiovascular disease and should be counseled regarding pregnancy risks only after review of their cardiovascular status, including an echocardiographically determined aortic root diameter.
TL;DR: Serial changes in 24‐hour creatinine clearance were determined in 11 women during several menstrual cycles before conception, the conceptional cycle and the first trimester of pregnancy, with possible reasons for the changes in glomerular filtration rate in early pregnancy.
TL;DR: Although these interventions reduced the gap in cognitive performance between lower and upper socioeconomic classes, a disparity nevertheless remained by the end of the study.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A case-control study of the epidemiology of preterm delivery was undertaken at Yale-New Haven Hospital in Connecticut during 1977, and significant risk factors included low socioeconomic status, low pregravid weight, inadequate weight gain during the pregnancy, and negative attitudinal expression toward the pregnancy.
Abstract: A case-control study of the epidemiology of preterm delivery was undertaken at Yale-New Haven Hospital in Connecticut during 1977 The study population consisted of 175 mothers of singleton preterm infants and 313 mothers of singleton term infants Significant risk factors of a preterm delivery included low socioeconomic status; low pregravid weight; inadequate weight gain during the pregnancy; a previous preterm delivery; a history of infertility problems; an induced abortion terminating the previous pregnancy; vaginal spotting or light bleeding during the pregnancy; antepartum hemorrhage and abnormal placental implantation; lack of leisure-time physical activities during the pregnancy; alcohol consumption prior to the third trimester of pregnancy; and negative attitudinal expression toward the pregnancy
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Women drinking large quantities of coffee should be aware of the side effects of coffee during pregnancy, as they may occur at a lower rate of consumption than in the non-pregnant state.
Abstract: Caffeine is eliminated mainly by metabolism to demethylated and oxidised derivatives. High individual variability is therefore expected from variations and changes in the capability of the organism to metabolize xenobiotics. An increase of the half-life of elimination of caffeine has been reported during the final weeks of pregnancy. In this study, the half-lifes of caffeine were determined by HPLC-analysis of samples of saliva in male and non-pregnant females and in women during pregnancy and after parturition.
TL;DR: Between March 1969 and May 1978, 36 babies sustained birth injuries of the brachial plexus at the National Women's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand, giving an incidence of 0.87 per 1000 live births.
Abstract: Between March 1969 and May 1978, 36 babies sustained birth injuries of the brachial plexus at the National Women's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. This gives an incidence of 0.87 per 1000 live births. Nearly 80 per cent of these children had made a complete recovery by the age of 13 months, while none of those with significant residual defects has severe sensory or motor deficit of the hand.
TL;DR: There was a significant progressive rise of two groups of free-radical oxidation products throughout pregnancy and a significantly greater rise in PET and in women whose diastolic blood pressure rose to above 70 mmHg.
Abstract: Using recently developed methods for measuring free-radical oxidation products in biological material, plasma extracts were studied in 24 women in the first two trimesters of pregnancy, in 124 women in the third trimester of pregnancy, in 20 women with pre-eclamptic toxaemia (PET), and in a control group. There was a significant progressive rise of two groups of free-radical oxidation products throughout pregnancy and a significantly greater rise in PET. In women whose diastolic blood pressure rose to above 70 mmHg there was a highly significant relation between two groups of free-radical reaction products and blood pressure.
TL;DR: The content of zinc in peripheral-blood leucocytes decreased from the second trimester of normal pregnancy, but was significantly lower in mothers giving birth to babies who were small for gestational age than in mothers with either normal or small, but appropriate for gestations, preterm babies.
TL;DR: Single chorionic villi were obtained before elective abortion from pregnancies of 8-14 weeks' duration, and accurate globin gene analysis proved possible with the DNA obtained from these samples.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The pharmacologic management of systemic lupus erythematosus does not require any important modifications in pregnant patients, however, an increase in the dosage of glucocorticoids may reduce postpartum exacerbations.
Abstract: A retrospective analysis of the course of systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnant patients hospitalized at UCLA during a 15-year period provided important prognostic information. Women wi...
TL;DR: The behavior of methadone-treated women during pregnancy and the postnatal period closely resembled that of drug-free controls, and contrasted with untreated drug-dependent women.
TL;DR: Changes in the mean volume, the rate of fatty acid and acylglycerol glycerol synthesis, the activity of lipoprotein lipase and the numbers and affinities of insulin receptors of subcutaneous adipocytes are reported for sheep at different stages of pregnancy and lactation.
Abstract: 1 Changes in the mean volume, the rate of fatty acid and acylglycerol glycerol synthesis, the activity of lipoprotein lipase and the numbers and affinities of insulin receptors of subcutaneous adipocytes are reported for sheep at different stages of pregnancy and lactation In addition, the serum concentrations of insulin, progesterone, prolactin, choriomammotropin, somatotropin, glucose, acetate, L-lactate, glycerol and unesterified fatty acids are reported for these sheep 2 A switch from lipid accumulation to net lipid mobilization accompanied by a decline in the capacity for lipid synthesis, occurred at the onset of the last third of pregnancy Net lipid mobilization continued during lactation 3 The changes that occurred in the serum concentrations of the various hormones listed above are discussed in relation to their possible roles in the modulation of adipose tissue metabolism in sheep during pregnancy and lactation The observations are compared with those from previous studies on the hormonal control of adipose tissue metabolism in the rat during pregnancy and lactation
TL;DR: Flow per unit of fetal weight was constant during pregnancy until 36 to 37 weeks, when a reduction occurred, and was maximal between 37 and 38 weeks, then decreased during the last 2 weeks of pregnancy.
TL;DR: Follow-up of 133 epileptic pregnant women showed that carbamazepine alone and combination therapy containing phenobarbitone given during pregnancy are associated with fetal head growth retardation.