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Pregnancy

About: Pregnancy is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 163969 publications have been published within this topic receiving 4013502 citations. The topic is also known as: pregnancy & gestation.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The intervention significantly decreased the percentage of normal-weight women who exceeded the IOM recommendations and postpartum weight retention was strongly related to weight gain during pregnancy (r=0.89).
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends that normal‐weight women (BMI (body mass index) of 198–260) gain 25–35 lb (114–159 kg) during pregnancy, and that overweight women (BMI of 261–290) gain 15–25 lbs (68–114 kg) A significant number of normal‐weight women and an even greater proportion of overweight women exceed these guidelines, which increases postpartum weight retention and may contribute to the development of obesity OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a stepped care, behavioral intervention will decrease the percentage of women who gain more than the IOM recommendation DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial comparing a stepped-care behavioral intervention with usual care Women (n=120) who had a BMI>198, age>18 and <20 weeks gestation were recruited from a hospital-based clinic serving low-income women and randomized by race and BMI category to the intervention or control group The intervention group received education about weight gain, healthy eating, and exercise and individual graphs of their weight gain Those exceeding weight gain goals were given more intensive intervention Women were followed through pregnancy to their first postpartum clinic visit The main outcome measure was weight gain during pregnancy categorized as above the IOM recommendations vs below or within the IOM recommendations RESULTS: The intervention significantly decreased the percentage of normal-weight women who exceeded the IOM recommendations (33 vs 58%, P<005) There was a non-significant (P=009) effect in the opposite direction among overweight women (59% of intervention and 32% of control gained more than recommended) Postpartum weight retention was strongly related to weight gain during pregnancy (r=089) CONCLUSIONS: The intervention reduced excessive weight gain during pregnancy among normal weight women

475 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The quest to effectively predict PE in the first trimester of pregnancy is fueled by the desire to identify women who are at high risk of developing PE, so that necessary measures can be initiated early enough to improve placentation and thus prevent or at least reduce the frequency of its occurrence.

475 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated here that the uterine glands remain active until at least wk 10 of pregnancy, and that their secretions are delivered freely into the placental intervillous space, demonstrating that they are an important source of nutrients during organogenesis, when metabolism is essentially anaerobic.
Abstract: Providing adequate nutrition to the fetus is key to a successful pregnancy. The interstitial form of implantation displayed by the human blastocyst is generally associated with early onset of maternal blood flow to the developing placenta, and hence hemotrophic exchange. However, the recent finding that the maternal intraplacental circulation is not fully established until the third month of gestation suggests that human fetal nutrition may be initially histiotrophic. We therefore investigated activity of the uterine glands during early pregnancy. We demonstrate here that these glands remain active until at least wk 10 of pregnancy, and that their secretions are delivered freely into the placental intervillous space. We also demonstrate phagocytic uptake by the placental syncytiotrophoblast of two glycoproteins, the mucin MUC-1 and glycodelin A, synthesized in the maternal glands. Glycodelin was also detected within the epithelium of the secondary yolk sac lining the exocoelomic cavity, indicating that the yolk sac may play an important role in nutrient exchange before vascularisation of the chorionic villi. Our findings demonstrate that the uterine glands are an important source of nutrients during organogenesis, when metabolism is essentially anaerobic.

474 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The groups were comparable, especially as to foetal age and parity of the mother, severe complications in the mothers, etc; differences of the same magnitude were found in primiparae and in multiparae with and without obesity.
Abstract: Birth weight and length of 122 surviving babies of diabetics, born in Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 1926\\p=n-\\1947,was compared to a control group of 122 infants of non-diabetics (matched controls). The groups were comparable, especially as to foetal age and parity of the mother, severe complications in the mothers, etc. The average foetal age was 261 days (range 237\\p=n-\\301).The average weight and length for the infants of non-diab. controls was 3045 gm. and 49.5 cm., for infants of diabetics 3600 gm. and 51.0 cm. Thus on average infants of diabetics weigh 550 gm. more and are 1.5 cm. longer than are infants of non-diab. Differences of the same magnitude were found in primiparae and in multiparae with and without obesity. The frequency distribution curves for weight and length are nearly normal, but placed at higher levels than are those of non-diab. infants. Diabetics get big and small infants as others, but the whole population is bigger than that of non-diabetics' infants. There is an actual overgrowth. In a personal series from 1946\\p=n-\\195375 infants of long-term treated (1. t.)

474 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
M. Jolly1, Neil J. Sebire, John P. Harris, Stephen Robinson, Lesley Regan 
TL;DR: Pregnant women aged>/=35 years are at increased risk of complications in pregnancy compared with younger women, and women aged >40 years had higher OR for the same risks.
Abstract: The obstetric risks of adverse outcome during pregnancy in women aged > or =35 years were quantified using a retrospective analysis of data from 385 120 singleton pregnancies in the North West Thames Region, UK, between 1988 and 1997. A comparison of pregnancy outcome was made on the basis of maternal age at delivery: 18-34 years (n = 336 462), 35-40 years (n = 41 327) and women aged > 40 years (n = 7331). Women aged 40 year old women, with adjusted odds ratios (OR) according to age group. Pregnant women aged 35-40 years were at increased risk of: gestational diabetes, OR = 2.63 [99% confidence interval (CI) 2.40-2.89]; placenta praevia = 1.93 (1.58-2.35); breech presentation = 1.37 (1.28-1.47); operative vaginal delivery = 1.5 (1.43-1.57); elective Caesarean section = 1.77 (1.68-1.87); emergency Caesarean section = 1.59 (1.52-1.67); postpartum haemorrhage = 1.14 (1.09-1.19); delivery before 32 weeks gestation = 1.41 (1.24-1.61); birthweight below the 5th centile = 1.28 (1.20-1. 36); and stillbirth = 1.41 (1.17-1.70). Women aged >40 years had higher OR for the same risks. Pregnant women aged >/=35 years are at increased risk of complications in pregnancy compared with younger women.

473 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20246
202312,193
202225,740
20218,002
20207,983
20196,948