Topic
Pregnancy
About: Pregnancy is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 163969 publications have been published within this topic receiving 4013502 citations. The topic is also known as: pregnancy & gestation.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: Health care providers should prescribe 8 hours of bed time during pregnancy to assure adequate sleep and should include sleep quantity and quality in prenatal assessments as potential predictors of labor duration and delivery type.
378 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the relationship of maternal plasma concentrations of placental corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the early third trimester of gestation with two prematurity-related outcomes-spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), and small-for-gestational age birth (SGA) was investigated.
378 citations
TL;DR: Patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors investigated and treated between 1957–1973 provide a basis for a scoring system that allows the prognosis to be defined at the time of diagnosis and facilitates the design of treatment schedules matched to the individual patient's risk of drug resistance.
Abstract: Three hundred and seventeen patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors were investigated and treated between 1957-1973. The risk of trophoblastic tumor was influenced by the outcome of the antecedent pregnancy (hydatidiform mole, non-mole abortion, term delivery) and the ABO blood groups of the mating couple; it was also influenced by the patient's age. The response to treatment with chemotherapy and , where appropriate, with surgery and radiotherapy, was influenced prfoundly by several factors. These included 1) the outcome of the antecedent pregnancy, 2) the total body burden of tumor at the time treatment stated as reflected by the urinary output of human chorionic gonadotrophin (CG), 3) the interval between the antecedent pregnancy and the start of chemotherapy, 4) the ABO groups of the mating couple, 5) the extent of mononuclear cell infiltration in the tumor, 6) the immunological status of the patient at the start of treatment, 7) the size of tumor masses, 8) the site of metastases and particularly the presence of intracranial metastases, and possibly by 9) the age and 10) the parity of the patient. A detailed study of the HLA antigens of the patient, her husband, and antecedent child has shown no positive effect on risk or prognosis. These data provide a basis for a scoring system that allows the prognosis to be defined at the time of diagnosis and facilitates tisk of drug resistance. Applied retrospectively to the cases from which the scoring system was generated, prognostic groups with survival rates ranging from 0-100% can be defined. Unfavorable prognostic factors combine so as to increase the probability of drug resistance.
378 citations
TL;DR: Rates of many adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes may be lower in women who become pregnant after having had bariatric surgery compared with rates in pregnant women who are obese; however, further data are needed from rigorously designed studies.
Abstract: Context Use of bariatric surgery has increased dramatically during the past 10 years, particularly among women of reproductive age. Objectives To estimate bariatric surgery rates among women aged 18 to 45 years and to assess the published literature on pregnancy outcomes and fertility after surgery. Evidence Acquisition Search of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (1998-2005) and multiple electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, Controlled Clinical Trials Register Database, and the Cochrane Database of Reviews of Effectiveness) to identify articles published between 1985 and February 2008 on bariatric surgery among women of reproductive age. Search terms included bariatric procedures, fertility, contraception, pregnancy, and nutritional deficiencies. Information was abstracted about study design, fertility, and nutritional, neonatal, and pregnancy outcomes after surgery. Evidence Synthesis Of 260 screened articles, 75 were included. Women aged 18 to 45 years accounted for 49% of all patients undergoing bariatric surgery (>50 000 cases annually for the 3 most recent years). Three matched cohort studies showed lower maternal complication rates after bariatric surgery than in obese women without bariatric surgery, or rates approaching those of nonobese controls. In 1 matched cohort study that compared maternal complication rates in women after laparoscopic adjustable gastric band surgery with obese women without surgery, rates of gestational diabetes (0% vs 22.1%, P Conclusion Rates of many adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes may be lower in women who become pregnant after having had bariatric surgery compared with rates in pregnant women who are obese; however, further data are needed from rigorously designed studies.
378 citations
TL;DR: The maternal syndrome of preeclampsia has previously been ascribed to generalized maternal endothelial cell dysfunction as mentioned in this paper, which is not a specific cause for the disorder, which can be better considered as the extreme end of the range of maternal adaptation to pregnancy.
Abstract: The maternal syndrome of preeclampsia has previously been ascribed to generalized maternal endothelial cell dysfunction. In this review we suggest that the endothelial dysfunction is a part of a more generalized intravascular inflammatory reaction involving intravascular leukocytes as well as the clotting and complement systems. We provide evidence from our recent work and that of others that not only supports this proposal but indicates that such an inflammatory response is already well developed in normal pregnancy and that the differences between normal pregnancy and preeclampsia are less striking than those between the normal pregnant and nonpregnant states. From this we argue that preeclampsia arises when a universal maternal intravascular inflammatory response to pregnancy decompensates in particular cases, which may occur because either the stimulus or the maternal response is too strong. We conclude that there is no specific cause for the disorder, which can be better considered as the extreme end of the range of maternal adaptation to pregnancy. We propose that poor placentation is not the cause of preeclampsia but is a powerful predisposing factor. We predict that a single preeclampsia gene will not be found, nor will either a single specific predictive test or single preventive effective measure be devised. Aspects of the hypothesis are testable, and future work should allow its confirmation or refutation.
377 citations