Topic
Pregnancy
About: Pregnancy is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 163969 publications have been published within this topic receiving 4013502 citations. The topic is also known as: pregnancy & gestation.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: Fetal malformations occur before eight weeks of gestation (postmenstrual dates), when most diabetic pregnant women have not yet come to medical attention, and there has been no objective method to assess control.
Abstract: PERINATAL mortality has decreased in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus.1 As losses from stillbirths, intrapartum asphyxia, and hyaline-membrane disease diminish, major congenital anomalies emerge as the most important causes of mortality in infants of diabetic mothers.1 , 2 The overall incidence of major anomalies was 6 to 9 per cent in several large studies of such infants1 2 3 — three to four times that found in a general neonatal population.4 Fetal malformations occur before eight weeks of gestation (postmenstrual dates), when most diabetic pregnant women have not yet come to medical attention.5 Until recently, there has been no objective method to assess control . . .
617 citations
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TL;DR: First‐trimester ultrasound diagnosis and management of pregnancies implanted into uterine Cesarean section scars is described.
Abstract: Objective
To describe first-trimester ultrasound diagnosis and management of pregnancies implanted into uterine Cesarean section scars.
Methods
All women referred for an ultrasound scan because of suspected early pregnancy complications were screened for pregnancies implanted into a previous Cesarean section scar. The management of Cesarean section scar pregnancies included transvaginal surgical evacuation, medical treatment with local injection of 25 mg methotrexate into the exocelomic cavity and expectant management.
Results
Eighteen Cesarean section scar pregnancies were diagnosed in a 4-year period. The prevalence in the local population was 1 : 1800 pregnancies. Surgical treatment was used in eight women and it was successful in all cases. The respective success rates of medical treatment and expectant management were 5/7 (71%) and 1/3 (33%). Five women (28%) required blood transfusion and one woman (6%) had a hysterectomy.
Conclusions
Cesarean section scar pregnancies are more common than previously thought. When the diagnosis is made in the first trimester the prognosis is good and the risk of hysterectomy is relatively low. Copyright © 2003 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
617 citations
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TL;DR: Weight loss with a resultant improvement in ovulation, pregnancy outcome, self-esteem and endocrine parameters is the first therapeutic option for women who are infertile and overweight.
Abstract: Obesity can affect ovulation and the chances of pregnancy. In this prospective study, a weight loss programme was assessed to determine whether it could help infertile overweight anovulatory women to establish ovulation and assist in achieving pregnancy, ideally without further medical intervention. The subjects acted as their own historical controls. They underwent a weekly programme of behavioural change in relation to exercise and diet over 6 months ; those who did not complete the 6 months were treated as the comparison group. Women in the study group lost an average of 6.3 kg, with 12 of the 13 subjects resuming ovulation and 11 becoming pregnant, five of these spontaneously. Fitness, diet and psychometric measurements all improved. Fasting insulin and testosterone concentrations dropped significantly, while sex hormone binding globulin concentrations rose. None of these changes occurred in the comparison group. Thus, weight loss with a resultant improvement in ovulation, pregnancy outcome, self-esteem and endocrine parameters is the first therapeutic option for women who are infertile and overweight.
617 citations
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616 citations
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University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust1, University of Edinburgh2, University of Western Australia3, University of Malawi4, University of London5, Erasmus University Medical Center6, University of Helsinki7, National University of Singapore8, Agency for Science, Technology and Research9, University Health System10
TL;DR: There is an urgent need for studies on causality, underlying mechanisms, and effective interventions to reverse the epidemic of obesity in women of childbearing age and to mitigate consequences for offspring.
615 citations