scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers on "Pressure angle published in 1986"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a power loss prediction was extended to include involute spur gears of nonstandard proportions, and the effects of modified addendum, tooth thickness, and gear center distance were analyzed.
Abstract: A power loss prediction was extended to include involute spur gears of nonstandard proportions. The method is used to analyze the effects of modified addendum, tooth thickness, and gear center distance in addition to the parameters previously considered which included gear diameter, pitch, pressure angle, face width, oil viscosity, speed, and torque. Particular emphasis was placed on high contact ratio gearing (contact ratios greater than two). Despite their higher sliding velocities, high contact ratio gears are designed to levels of efficiency comparable to those of conventional gears while retaining their advantages through proper selection of gear geometry.

39 citations


Patent
31 Oct 1986
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a unique tooth-profile in which the radius of curvature repeatedly increases and decreases from the pitch line in the direction of addendum and deddendum of a tooth without monotonously changing.
Abstract: The gears according to the present invention have a unique tooth-profile in which the radius of curvature repeatedly increases and decreases from the pitch line in the direction of addendum and deddendum of a tooth without monotonously changing, and at the point where the relative of curvature is minimum, the center of the radius of curvature is positioned on the pitch line. Specifically, the curvature of the tooth-profile curve is a function which is not monotonously varied, is continuous and is capable of being differentiated, and a locus of the center of curvature forms a series of continuous curves which exist near the pitch circle. Forming the tooth-profile thus enables the relative of curvature to be brought from the value in the involute gear near that of a Wildhaver-Novikov type, with the contact interval being more than one. Also, the operating pressure angle is decreased to prevent the increase in the surface pressure and the bearing stress, and the relative of curvature between the tooth-surfaces of the gears is maintained at a lower level than the conventional one, markedly increasing the strength of the tooth-profile. The present invention can also be applied to internal gears, bevel gear, etc.

21 citations


Patent
11 Apr 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, a means for detecting the center of a steel ball is arranged so that the detecting reference position of the steel ball 1 is separated from the center position of a gear 15 to be measured by a prescribed distance and the moving direction of the tail of the ball 1 coincides with the normal direction of gear 15.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To measure displacement over a given number of teeth automatically by automatically measuring a distance between the center of a steel ball and a center position of a gear when a stylus having the steel ball on it point is contacted with the surfaces of both teeth. CONSTITUTION:A means for detecting the center of steel ball 1 is arranged so that the detecting reference position of the steel ball 1 is separated from the center position of a gear 15 to be measured by a prescribed distance and the moving direction of the steel ball 1 coincides with the normal direction of the gear 15. The stylus 2 is straight moved and the steel ball 1 is pressed against the gear 15 with a prescribed pressure to rotate the gear 15. Consequently, the center position of the steel ball 1 at the simultaneous contact of the steel ball 1 with both teeth is measured by a measuring device 25, the distance between the center of the gear 15 to be measured and the center position of the steel ball is calculated on the basis of the detecting position and the displacement over both the teeth of the gear 15 can be calculated from the calculated distance, a prescribed diameter of the steel ball 1, the radius of the basic circle of the gear 15, the number of teeth, the number of teeth to be displaced, a reference pressure angle, and a module.

9 citations


Patent
12 Dec 1986
TL;DR: In this article, a method of determining the angle of an incident flow at a stationary or moving point of measurement is proposed, where the pressure of the incident flow on the surface of a sphere or of a spherical segment is measured.
Abstract: In a method of determining the angle of an incident flow at a stationary or moving point of measurement, especially at a point of measurement on a vehicle, the pressure of the incident flow on the surface of a sphere or of a spherical segment is measured. The resulting pressure distribution on the surface is compared with a pressure distribution associated with a defined angle of incident flow and from this the angle of incident flow is calculated, or the angle of displacement of the pressure distribution curve that is found is determined relative to a desired predetermined coordinate system, or relative to a predetermined pressure distribution curve associated with a defined incident flow angle. The determination of the incident flow angle is particularly accurate and can be achieved with minimal measurement complexity in a reliable manner.

8 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a load capacity of a gear pair whose bending strengths are balanced by applying thick teeth to the plastic gear and thin teeth on the steel gear is double that of the usual gear pair having the same thick teeth.
Abstract: Plastic gears have many merits ; silent running, self-lubrication, corrosion-proof, etc ; but they have many demerits too ; lower load-carrying capacity, lower-thermal resistance, etc. Because the plastic is expensive, the plastic gears should be designed as small as possible. Then, plastic gears which have smaller module, pressure angle of 14.5°, contact ratio above two and helical trace are proposed in order to increase economically their load capacities. The load capacity of a gear pair whose bending strengths are balanced by applying thick teeth to the plastic gear and thin teeth to the steel gear is double that of the usual gear pair having the same thick teeth.

7 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of pressure angle on tooth deflection and root stress were investigated by using finite difference method (FDM) and the results were compared with those measured.
Abstract: This paper presents a study on the effects of pressure angle on tooth deflection and root stress. The analyses of tooth deflection and bending moment at root fillet due to a concentrated load on a gear tooth with various pressure angles were carried out by the finite difference method (FDM) and the results were compared with those measured. The validity of this analysis method was confirmed and the effects of pressure angle on the tooth deflection and bending moment were made considerably clear. The approximate equations for the deflection and bending moment due to a concentrated load on a gear tooth with various pressure angles were derived on the basis on the calculated and measured results.

7 citations


Patent
06 Feb 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the screw rotor tooth profile is configured such that at least one of the male and female rotor tooth profiles has a point of minimum pressure angle or an engaging tooth surface concurring with those of a theoretical tooth profile.
Abstract: Herein disclosed are screw rotor tooth profile which comprises a pair of male and female rotor tooth profiles engaging each other. The screw rotor tooth profile is configured such that at least one of the male and female rotor tooth profiles has a point of minimum pressure angle or an engaging tooth surface concurring with those of a theoretical tooth profile and is deviated from the theoretical tooth profile such that the amount of deviation increases as going from the point of minimum pressure angle or the engaging tooth surface toward the tooth top side and the tooth bottom side. The screw rotor tooth profile, even in case of the presence of machining and/or assembling errors in the profiles, are capable of assuring excellent mutual tooth engagement therebetween and almost not susceptible to that or those errors, that is, insensitive to precision.

5 citations


Patent
04 Dec 1986
TL;DR: In this article, the individual damming beams are connected at vertical posts 17 which are inserted into sleeves 18 arranged in the ground, and U-shaped openings 30 are each formed by a fixed angle 31 with a vertically running seal 25 and a movable pressure angle 32 at the opposite side.
Abstract: The individual damming beams are connected at vertical posts 17 which are inserted into sleeves 18 arranged in the ground. Located at ground level is an encircling angle 20 to which a seal 21 is attached. U-shaped openings 30 for connecting the damming beams are located at the side of the inserted posts 17. The U-shaped openings 30 are each formed by a fixed angle 31 with a vertically running seal 25 and a movable pressure angle 32 at the opposite side. The movable pressure angles are guided by pins 43 in guides 33 directed down at an angle and in the form of elongated holes.

5 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the root stresses of meshing helical gears of full depth and long teeth with higher pressure angles were calculated by using these approximate equations and Kubo and Umezawa's method and compared with those measured.
Abstract: The tooth deflection and bending moment at root fillet due to a concentrated load on a gear tooth of long tooth with various pressure angles were calculated by the finite difference method(FDM) and compared with those measured. The approximate equations for the deflection and bending moment due to a concentrated load on a gear tooth of long tooth with various pressure angles were derived. The root stresses of meshing helical gears of full depth and long teeth with higher pressure angles were calculated by using these approximate equations and Kubo and Umezawa's method and compared with those measured. The effects of pressure angle and whole depth on the root stresses of helical gears were clarified.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of pressure angle on tooth deflection and root stress were investigated by using finite difference method (FDM) and the results were compared with those measured.
Abstract: This paper presents a study on the effects of pressure angle on tooth deflection and root stress. The analyses of tooth deflection and bending moment at root fillet due to a concentrated load on a gear tooth with various pressure angles were carried out by the finite difference method (FDM) and the results were compared with those measured. The validity of this analysis method was confirmed and the effects of pressure angle on the tooth deflection and bending moment were made considerably clear. The approximate equations for the deflection and bending moment due to a concentrated load on a gear tooth with various pressure angles were derived on the basis on the calculated and measured results.

3 citations


Patent
31 Oct 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a non-monotonically varying, continuous and differentiable function with the locus of the curvature center forming a series of continuous curves which is usually located in the vicinity of the pitch circles.
Abstract: In a gear, a tooth profile is adopted, in which the radius of curvature of a tooth surface is increased and decreased repeatedly from a point on the pitch circles toward the addendum and deddendum without being varied monotonously, with the center of the radius of curvature positioned on the pitch circles (2, 4) at a point at which the radius of curvature is minimal. More precisely, a tooth profile is formed, in which the curvature of the tooth profile curves (1, 3) is represented by a nonmonotonously varying, continuous and differentiable function with the locus of the curvature center forming a series of continuous curves which is usually located in the vicinity of the pitch circles. Owing to the tooth profile thus formed, it becomes possible to set the contact ratio of the gears to at least unity by gradually approximating the relative curvatures of the surfaces of the gear teeth from values of involute tooth profiles to that of Wildhaber-Novikov's tooth profiles, and prevent an increase in the surface pressure and bearing stress by reducing an operating pressure angle to a relatively low level. Since the relative curvature of the surfaces of the gear teeth can be kept small as compared with that of the surfaces of the conventional gear teeth, the strength of the tooth profiles can be increased greatly. This invention can be applied to not only an external gear but also an internal gear and a bevel gear.

Patent
22 Mar 1986
TL;DR: In this article, the conical grinding wheel was matched with the generating bus of the tooth surface of cone warm gear and performed position correcting motion of the grinding wheel by detecting whether the grinding surface of conical wheel matched with generating bus.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To grind the tooth surface highly accurately by detecting whether the grinding surface of conical grinding wheel is matched with the generating bus of the tooth surface of cone warm gear and performing position correcting motion of grinding wheel CONSTITUTION:First movable table 10 on fixed table 18 can be moved in the axial direction S of cone warm gear 1 through a driver 19 while second movable table 11 on table 10 can be moved in perpendicular direction against the axis S through a driver 20 and rotary table 12 on table 11 can rotate around a rotary axis The conical grinding wheel 14 fixed at the end of grinding wheel holder 13 on the table 12 is formed such that the conical angle will match with the pressure angle (alpha) of the tooth 1A of gear 1 The detecting section 15a in position detector 15 in a table 21 movable in parallel with the axis S will produce a signal when not matching with the generating bus L of grinding face 14a and a controller 16 will command position correcting motion to the tables 10, 11 and 12 such that the grinding face 14a will contact with the detecting section 15a

Patent
06 Sep 1986
TL;DR: In this article, the advance surface flank of a female rotor tooth form is formed to obtain the screw rotor tooth forms which are insensible to the influences of the manufacturing error of the rotor and assembly error, etc.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the screw rotor tooth form which is insensible to the influences of the manufacturing error of the rotor and assembly error, etc. by forming the advance surface flank of a female rotor tooth form so that the deflection from the fundamental tooth form continuously increases towards the tip part and the bottom part from the min. pressure angle point. CONSTITUTION:As for the advance-surface flank 5 of a female rotor tooth form 1, the min. pressure angle point 20 is positioned on the fundamental tooth form, when a pair of rotor tooth forms meshed free from the clearance shown by the full line is used as the fundamental tooth form. Towards the tip side and the bottom side from the point 20, the deflection from the fundamental tooth form is represented as the corrected tooth form which continuously increases as shown by the dotted line. In other words, the deflection from the fundamental tooth form is directed in the direction for reducing the tooth thick ness. Therefore, the screw rotor tooth form which is hardly given with the influence of the manufacturing error in rotor tooth form, assembly error, etc. and insensible to precision can be obtained. Therefore, the tooth contact in the vicinity of the min. pressure angle point 20 on the advance surface flank for the certain transmission of revolution torque can be secured.

Patent
22 Mar 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, a threaded rod having micro pressure angle by operating the profile of grinding wheel while considering the grinding error due to the shape of screw groove and the interference then correcting the grinding wheel on the basis of the operated value.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To machine a threaded rod having micro pressure angle by operating the profile of grinding wheel while considering the grinding error due to the shape of screw groove and the interference then correcting the grinding wheel on the basis of the operated value. CONSTITUTION:The relation between a grinding wheel 6 and a work 1 is analyzed to input such data as lead, lead angle, diameter of grinding wheel, outer diameter and bottom diameter of work, micro pressure angle, distance between the center of grinding wheel and the micro pressure angle face, etc. to an arithmetic unit 20 thus to operate what profile should the grinding wheel take previously in order to achieve the target shape of screw groove to be grinded through interference and to output said profile of grinding wheel as a data. The grinding wheel 6 is corrected by correction device 10 through operation of a controller 30 on the basis of a command of program for said device 10 produced on the basis of said profile data then a controller 40 is functioned on the basis of the output data from said unit 20 to move a table 4 thus to correct motion of work 1 properly.

Patent
21 May 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed to improve the steering feeling by having a pressure angle of the end tooth of a sector gear greater than the pressure angle at the middle tooth so as to increase an effective output when a steering reaction force is increased at the steering time of a vehicle.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the steering feeling by having a pressure angle of the end tooth of a sector gear greater than the pressure angle at the middle tooth so as to increase an effective output when a steering reaction force is increased at the steering time of a vehicle. CONSTITUTION:Each of the tooth faces of a sector gear 8 and a rack 6 consists of involute curves. Each of the tooth faces 39 and 40 at the opposed side of two central teeth of the rack 6 has a pressure angle theta while both of the tooth faces 41 at both sides of the central tooth 35 of the sector gear 8 and the internal tooth face 42 of the end tooth 36 have the same pressure angle theta1. Both a pressure angle of the tooth face 43 at the external side of the end tooth 36 of the sector gear 8, and a pressure angle of the tooth faces 44 of two external teeth 38 of the rack gear 8 engaged with the sector gear 8 are set to theta2 which is smaller than the angle theta1. By use of such constitution, the effective output of a steering gear unit can be increased and the steering feeling can be improved.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented an advanced application of the optimal design system to the automatic design of the above-mentioned special internal gears that require an extraordinarily difficult and special designing technique.
Abstract: Hypocycloid reduction gears produce a maximum reduction ratio, if the difference in the numbers of teeth between the internal gear and pinion is reduced to 1. However, such a limit design is very difficult, because such a reduction of the difference in the number of teeth induces various interferences. An internal gear having a zero difference in the number of teeth is best suited for a planetary gear mechanism that transmits its absolute rotation to the driven shaft at the ratio of 1 : 1. However, such a special gear set needs an operating pressure angle of 90 degrees, and thus cannot be designed by conventional formulae for ordinary internal gears. The author has so far devised an optimal designing system for the automatic design of internal gears. This paper presents an advanced application of the optimal design system to the automatic design of the above-mentioned special internal gears that require an extraordinarily difficult and special designing technique. Trial fabrication was also undertaken to confirm the designing computations obtained.

Patent
31 Oct 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed to enhance the strength of a gear by forming such a tooth shape that a continuous and differentiable function which does not change monotonously, is selected for the curvature of a tooth curve, the locus of the curvatures center being a continuous serise curve exsisting in the vicinity of the pitch circle.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To enhance the strength of a gear, by forming such a tooth shape that a continuous and differentiable function which does not change monotonously, is selected for the curvature of a tooth shape curve, the locus of the curvature center being a continuous serise curve exsisting in the vicinity of the pitch circle. CONSTITUTION:The tooth shapes 1, 3 of gears are formed such that their radii of curvature change from their pitch lines to their addendum and dedendum with the repetition of increase and decrease in the radii of curvature. The relative curvature between the tooth shapes 1, 3 becomes zero at a point where the radius of curvature is minimum, and it has a cyclic characteristic such that there are a plurality of such points per pitch. Therefore, the relative curvature may be made small, and it is possible to make the meshing rate of the teeth more than 1 without the meshing pressure angle being made to be excessibly large, thereby it is possible to enhance the strength of gear teeth.

Patent
17 Apr 1986
TL;DR: In this article, an electric pivotal gear device A comprises a speed change internal gear G1 fixed to an input shaft 1 with eccentricity and an external gear G2 having an axis different from the gear.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To lessen abrasion by specifying a pressure angle of an internal gear with an external gear. CONSTITUTION:An electric pivotal gear device A comprises a speed change internal gear G1 fixed to an input shaft 1 with eccentricity and a speed change external gear G2 having an axis different from the gear. Both of these gears G1, G2 are formed by involute tooth, and a pressure angle is set at 30-45 deg.. The heights (h) of addenda of both gears are set as follows: m/2>h>0 (m: module), and the pressure angle is set in such a manner as to satisfy the following expression: theta2=[(360 deg./Z)X1/z]+theta1, wherein theta1 is a pressure angle of the external gear G2, and theta2 is a pressure angle of the internal gear G1.