Primate

About: Primate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1250 publications have been published within this topic receiving 67388 citations. The topic is also known as: the primate order & primates.

Distribution and Population Status of Mountain Lions in Southwestern Arizona

Abstract: les in southern Mexico. American Journal of Primatology 2:363-372. ESTRADA, A., AND R. COATES-ESTRADA. 1994. La contracci6n y fragmentaci6n de las selvas y las poblaciones de primates silvestres: el caso de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz. La Ciencia y el Hombre (M'xico) 18:45-70. GILBERT, K., AND P. C. STOUFFER. 1989. Use of a ground water source by mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata). Biotropica 21:380. GLANDER, K. E. 1975. Habitat description and resource utilization: a preliminary report on mantled howling monkey ecology. In: Tuttle, R. H., editor. Sociology and psychology of primates. Mouton, The Hague, The Netherlands. Pp. 37-57. GLANDER, K. E. 1978. Drinking from arboreal water source by mantled howling monkeys (Alouatta palliata Gray). Folia Primatologica 29:206-217. MILTON, K. 1980. The foraging strategy of howler monkeys. Columbia University Press, New York. SERIO-SILVA, J. C. 1997. Studies of howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) translocated to a neotropical rainforest fragment. I. Social distance. II. Activity patterns and feeding habits. Laboratory Primate Newsletter 36:11-14.

Human Chromosome 'Painting' Probes Used to Measure Chromosome Translocations in Non-Human Primates: Extrapolations from Monkey to Man

Abstract: Chromosome painting with a probe specific for human chromosome 4 was used to «paint» monkey chromosomes in order to measure the persistence of translocations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of a rhesus monkey exposed to ionising radiation more than 25 years ago. The human probe painted the entire length of two large rhesus and cynomolgus monkey chromosomes with no cross hybridisation to other chromosomes, facilitating rapid detection of chromosome translocations in monkeys. The translocation frequency measured in one monkey was significantly higher than that for unirradiated animals. The ability to use human probes to obtain cytogenetic data from Macaca species irradiated years previously or exposed to chemical clastogens makes this primate genus an excellent model for studying genetic damage

Origins of direction selectivity in the primate retina

Abstract: Abstract From mouse to primate, there is a striking discontinuity in our current understanding of the neural coding of motion direction. In non-primate mammals, directionally selective cell types and circuits are a signature feature of the retina, situated at the earliest stage of the visual process. In primates, by contrast, direction selectivity is a hallmark of motion processing areas in visual cortex, but has not been found in the retina, despite significant effort. Here we combined functional recordings of light-evoked responses and connectomic reconstruction to identify diverse direction-selective cell types in the macaque monkey retina with distinctive physiological properties and synaptic motifs. This circuitry includes an ON-OFF ganglion cell type, a spiking, ON-OFF polyaxonal amacrine cell and the starburst amacrine cell, all of which show direction selectivity. Moreover, we discovered that macaque starburst cells possess a strong, non-GABAergic, antagonistic surround mediated by input from excitatory bipolar cells that is critical for the generation of radial motion sensitivity in these cells. Our findings open a door to investigation of a precortical circuitry that computes motion direction in the primate visual system.

An Attempt of Non-human Primate Modeling of Schizophrenia with Neonatal Challenges of Epidermal Growth Factor

Abstract: Inflammatory cytokines are implicated in the neurodevelopmental hypothesis for schizophrenia. Based on this hypothesis, we studied the establsihment of rodent models for schizophrenia by subcutaneously challenging rat or mouse neonates with various cytokines. Because of the physical and behavioral difference between animal species; however, it is difficult to fully evaluate the appropriateness of rodent models. To overcome this problem, we attempted to establish a non-human primate model of schizophrenia. We subcutaneously injected epidermal growth factor (EGF: 0.3 mg/kg/day) to 3 male neonatal cynomolgus monkeys for a total of 7 or 9 days from 14 days of age. During the following 4 or 5 years, no abnormal behaviors were observed in these monkeys treated with EGF; however, at the age of 6 years, 1 monkey exhibited abnormal behavioral traits: stereotypic movement, vocalization, alert motion, and self injury. It was noteworthy that the monkey often showed agitation and clapped its hands over its eyes and bit his hands in periods of illumination, although not under darkened conditions. The behavioral abnormalities except vocalization were ameliorated by 10-day oral treatment with risperidone at 0.10 mg/kg/day. Although this study needs to be replicated, this case report suggests the possibility that hyper EGF signals at the perinatal stage of non-human primates result in post-pubertal behavioral/cognitive deficits, which possibly imitate some pathological features of human schizophrenia.

Oral focal epithelial hyperplasia in a howler monkey (Alouatta fusca).

Abstract: Oral focal epithelial hyperplasia is a rare and seldom reported disease in animals and humans induced by a papillomavirus The present report is the first description of this disease in a Neotropical primate, a howler monkey (Alouatta fusca) The diagnosis was based on gross and microscopic findings The generic papillomavirus antigen was identified by immunohistochemistry and was found not to be related to any human papillomavirus DNA tested by in situ hybridization This virus is probably a specific papillomavirus of the howler monkey (HMPV)