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Process variable

About: Process variable is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3983 publications have been published within this topic receiving 43130 citations. The topic is also known as: process parameter.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the key quality performance of the magnetorheological finishing process in achieving nanolevel finish on Ti6Al4V discs was explored, and a response surface model was developed.
Abstract: 3-D components used in today’s industries need fine surface characteristics as a functional requirement. Therefore, it is necessary to improve surface characteristics before putting them into useful applications, by achieving superior surface finish very close to dimensional precision. Magnetorheological fluid-based finishing processes are efficient in achieving ultrafine surfaces. This paper aims to explore the key quality performance of the magnetorheological finishing process in achieving nanolevel finish on Ti6Al4V discs. Sequential experimental design through statistical design of experiments was employed and response surface model was developed. Concentration of abrasive particles and wheel speed were considered as independent process parameters for the present study. To have uniform (or minimum variation) surface roughness values on the entire surface, a negative replica of the workpiece has been fabricated as a tool, and magnetic field was used to create magnetorheological effect. Using a template, surface roughness was measured at the same points before and after finishing. Initial Ra value was found to be the critical process parameter for finishing Ti6Al4V workpiece by magnetorheological finishing. % change in Ra is significantly affected by concentration of abrasive particles (≈50%) followed by initial Ra (≈ 38%). Finishing rate is significantly affected by initial Ra (≈61%) followed by concentration of abrasive particles (≈33%). An area roughness of 49 nm was achieved in the present study.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-objective parameter optimization framework for energy saving in injection molding process is proposed, which combines an experimental design by Taguchi's method, a process analysis by analysis of variance (ANOVA), a process modeling algorithm by artificial neural network (ANN), and a multiobjective parametric optimization algorithm by GA-based lexicographic method.
Abstract: This paper deals with a multi-objective parameter optimization framework for energy saving in injection molding process. It combines an experimental design by Taguchi’s method, a process analysis by analysis of variance (ANOVA), a process modeling algorithm by artificial neural network (ANN), and a multi-objective parameter optimization algorithm by genetic algorithm (GA)-based lexicographic method. Local and global Pareto analyses show the trade-off between product quality and energy consumption. The implementation of the proposed framework can reduce the energy consumption significantly in laboratory scale tests, and at the same time, the product quality can meet the pre-determined requirements.

30 citations

Patent
Christopher P. Ausschnitt1
03 Feb 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of controlling imaging and process parameters in a lithographic process comprises providing a control pattern having an isolated feature with a pitch greater than twice a width of an individual feature, and exposing and developing a calibration resist layer with the control pattern design at a plurality of dose and focus settings.
Abstract: A method of controlling imaging and process parameters in a lithographic process comprises providing a control pattern having an isolated feature with a pitch greater than twice a width of an individual feature, and exposing and developing a calibration resist layer with the control pattern design at a plurality of dose and focus settings. Width of the printed calibration control pattern feature is measured near the top and bottom of the resist layer thickness, and optimum dose and focus settings are then determined. Control patterns are printed at fixed exposure dose and focus settings on a production substrate, and width is measured near the top and bottom of the resist layer thickness. The widths of the production control pattern features are compared with the control pattern model parameters, and the imaging and process parameter settings in the production process are adjusted based on the comparison of the widths.

29 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of scanning speed and the powder flow rate on the resulting properties of the deposited samples was investigated and it was concluded that in order to minimize the surface roughness while maintaining a moderate microhardness value, the optimum scanning speed is about 0.63 ǫ m/s.
Abstract: Ti4Al4V is an important aerospace alloy because of its excellent properties that include high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. In spite of these impressive properties, processing titanium is very challenging which contributes to the high cost of the material. Laser metal deposition, an important additive manufacturing method, is an excellent alternative manufacturing process for Ti6Al4V. The economy of this manufacturing process also depends on the right combination of processing parameters. The principal aim of this study is to know the optimum processing parameters that will result in deposit with sound metallurgical bonding with the substrate with proper mechanical property and better surface finish. This will help to reduce the need for expensive secondary finishing operations using this manufacturing process. This study investigates the influence of scanning speed and the powder flow rate on the resulting properties of the deposited samples. Microstructure, microhardness, and surface finish of Ti6Al4V samples were produced using the laser metal deposition process over a range of scanning speeds, ranging from 0.02 to 0.12 m/s, and powder flow rate, ranging from 0.72 to 6.48 g/min. The microstructure, microhardness, and surface finish were characterized using optical microscopy, Metkon hardness tester, and Jenoptik surface analyzer, respectively. These process parameter variations were mapped with the microstructure, the microhardness, and surface roughness. The microstructures were found to change from the thick lath of basket woven to martensitic microstructure as the scanning speed and the powder flow rate were increased. The microhardness and the surface roughness were found to increase as the scanning speed and the powder flow rate were increased. It can be concluded that in order to minimize the surface roughness while maintaining a moderate microhardness value, the optimum scanning speed is about 0.63 m/s while the powder flow rate should be maintained at 2.88 g/min. The laser power and the gas flow rate should also be fixed at 3 kW and 2 l/min, respectively.

29 citations

Patent
Robert C. Hedtke1
20 Feb 2007
TL;DR: In this article, a process transmitter (12) includes a temperature responsive indicator (26) to indicate an operating condition of the process transmitter(12) and the operating condition may represent a level of a sensed process variable or an operating temperature.
Abstract: A process transmitter (12) includes a temperature responsive indicator (26) to indicate an operating condition of the process transmitter (12). The operating condition may represent a level of a sensed process variable or an operating temperature of the process transmitter (12).

29 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202329
202266
2021289
2020318
2019281
2018274