Showing papers on "Professional ethics published in 1977"

Better but Not Well: Social and Ethical Issues in the Deinstitutionalization of the Mentally Ill

Abstract: The unintended effects following the 19th century development of large public institutions devoted to the care and treatment of the mentally ill have been well described. Historians such as Grob (1973) and Rothman (1971), sociologists such as Goffman (1961), and psychiatric researchers such as Stanton and Schwartz (1954), Brown et al. (1966), and many others have documented the undesirable consequences of the institutional structures and practices of public mental hospitals upon their patients and staff. Similar criticisms have been directed at institutions established for adult correction, juvenile delinquency, child care, and mental retardation. The result of these criticisms was a consensus of informed public opinion that these institutions, however noble their intended purpose, had become inhumane, ineffective, and inefficient. As a consequence, numerous efforts have been made throughout the nation to develop alternatives to incarceration and institutionalization.

Peer review and professional ethics.

Abstract: The author points out that the medical profession, fiscal intermediaries, and government agencies have not fully informed the public of the nature and extent of peer review. He provides guidelines for physicians and committees of peers participating in peer review and suggests that review of professional ethics be incorporated into the review of the quality, cost, quantity, and availability of medical services.

Philosophical Medical Ethics its Nature and Significance. Proceedings of the Third Trans-Disciplinary Symposium on Philosophy and Medicine, Held at Farmington, Connecticut, December 11-13, 1975

Abstract: Prologue.- Section I / From Past Perspectives to Present Perplexities.- American Medical Ethics: Some Historical Roots.- Do No Harm: Axiom of Medical Ethics.- Discussion of 'Do No Harm'.- Section II / Ethics and Medical Ethics.- Medical Ethics: Can the Moral Philosopher Help?.- Medical Ethics and the Rule Against Killing: Comments on Professor Hare's Paper.- Section III / Special Rights and Duties: From Euthanasia to Experimentation.- Euthanasia and the Right to Life.- Euthanasia, the Right to Life, and Moral Structures: A Reply to Professor Kohl.- Experimentation and Consent: A Note.- Medical Experimentation: The Consent of Prisoners and Children.- Section IV / Changing Human Nature: Medicine in the Service of Virtue.- Aristotelian Ethics, Medicine, and the Changing Nature of Man.- Medicine's Influence on Ethics: Reflections on the Putative Moral Role of Medicine.- Section V / Metaphysics and Medical Ethics.- Ethics in Evolution.- Coming Into Being and Passing Away: Can the Metaphysician Help?.- Some Persons are Humans, Some Humans are Persons, and the World is What We Persons Make of It.- Section VI / Moral Agents in Medicine.- Patients as Agents.- Moral Agency and Professional Ethics: Some Notes on Transformation of the Physician-Patient Encounter.- Section VII / The Physician as Moral Agent.- Round Table Discussion.- Opening Remarks.- Closing Reflections.- Notes on Contributors.

The Problem of Judgement in Adoption Social Work

Abstract: This paper tries to demonstrate how the existing practice in adoption social work, when applied to applicants and prospective parents, is inadequate, unjust and diametrically opposed to the acknowledged professional ethics and values. As dissatisfaction alone is unproductive, an alternative is proposed to the existing practice based on a Social Change Model of generic social work.