Showing papers on "Professional ethics published in 1979"

Being ethical in organizational research.

Abstract: Even a researcher guided by moral in- tentions and learned in the code of ethics of the American Psychological Association is unprepared for the challenge of being ethical in organizational re- search. When dealing with persons in situ, in their normal role relations with others, ethical dilemmas arise from the researcher becoming entangled in a network of multiple roles and in the ambiguous and conflicting expectations derived from them. The authors of this article describe their own research with organized subjects and propose role theory as a means for understanding ethical dilemmas in organ- izational research and for guiding the creation of research relationships with participants in which to address and moderate these dilemmas. They conclude by proposing that research training and a code of ethics be developed that help researchers establish means for dealing with dilemmas in which there are no ethical solutions except those resting on the ad hoc consent of all parties.

Impact of a Humanistic Approach on Students' Attitudes, Attributions, and Ethical Conflicts:

Abstract: 22 graduate students in nursing, enrolled in a humanistic psychology course, were exposed to the principles of humanistic psychology and to a debunking of the medical model. Analyses of participant...

Law School Instruction in Professional Responsibility: A Curricular Paradox

Abstract: Legal ethics has recently become the focus of professional and public concern. One aspect of that concern has to do with the education and socialization of law students in professional responsibility. This study, using data from a sample of law students in diverse school settings, examines the influence of prevailing learning norms in legal education on student responses to courses in professional responsibility. The author also reviews the bases of ambiguous sentiments about the role of education in professional ethics and concludes with a discussion of the difficulties and dilemmas involved in attempts to alter the established mode of instruction.

The iups project on professional ethics and conduct

Abstract: For the past several years the International Union of Psychological Science has been encouraging its 42 member national societies to develop and adopt national codes of ethics for governing the professional conduct of psychologists. Efforts have also been directed toward the development of international principles to apply in cross-cultural research undertaken by psychologists. Both of these activities have been funded in a minor way by the Office of the Secretary-General of IUPS.

Human values and ethics: Professional responsibility

Abstract: Following professional codes does not automatically lead to ethical decision-making. Because the health professional makes a commitment to care for human beings and these persons are in a state of need which only expert advice can rectify, a professional decision requires ethical analysis of values. Such analysis engages the whole person in a process of self-reflection and critique of action, something a code of ethics does not provide. For health professionals, including nutritionists and dietitians, the insight is not just philosophical; it stems from the very nature of the profession.

A concise selected bibliography on professional ethics

Abstract: The defining characteristic of a professional is the possession of a unique authority derived from specialized knowledge and skills that are obtained through experience and training. This authority endows the professional with power. However, the essence of professional power is not the ability to force another to do one's will; rather, it is the advantage gained by having title to knowledge of which others are both ignorant and in need. Given the public's enforced reliance on the services only a professional can provide, how, then, should this special power be used?

Are there universal standards that apply to psychologists in all countries

Abstract: A basic problem with which we are faced in an international symposium on professional ethics is whether there are such things as universal professional standards that apply to psychologists in all countries. The problem is theoretically important, and at the same time a very practical one; in fact, such standards are supposed to regulate our professional activity and to provide us with principles and rules for everyday practice; they function as criteria for evaluation.

Some ethical considerations in the development of psychopharmacological research and practice in the future.

Abstract: 1. The author sees this issue as philosophical with paradoxical moral overtones. Ethical questions may have an inhibiting effect on drug research. 2. The individual morals and professional ethics of physicians and researchers are seen as central to the conduct of psycho-pharmacotherapeutic research. 3. The effect on ethics of religion, culture and social setting is discussed. 4. Human subjects in drug research are discussed. 5. Control of the drug industry (research, quality control, distribution) is discussed and supra national control advocated.

Expert Clinical Testimony and Professional Ethics

Abstract: The practice of giving expert clinical testimony about a psychological or psychiatric assessment in the presence of the subject of that evaluation is examined. The potential that this practice has ...

Law and medical ethics.

Abstract: Summarising the interrelationship between law and medical ethics, I would say that in cases which do not touch the patient's body or integrity, such as professional secrecy, statutory law may take precedence over rules of medical ethics. But in cases where the human subject becomes a victim because of domestic statutory laws which are in contradiction with medical ethics, the medical practitioners should insist on adhering to their professional standards in such a way that the legislators will have to adapt their legislations to the laws of humanity and public conscience. Legislators, as well as medical practitioners, should not forget that the term 'being' is preceded and qualified by 'human'.

The role of state school psychology organizations in the promotion of professional ethics

Abstract: A survey was conducted to examine the role of state school psychology organizations in advocating for, and monitoring the ethical practice of, their members. Particular attention was directed to the existence and nature of codes of ethics and of due process procedures. The results revealed that 76% (28 of 37) of the responding organizations had adopted a code of ethics, while only 43% (16 of 37) had instituted due process procedures. The responsibility of professional school psychology organizations in serving as a resource to their members in the area of ethics is stressed. An educative approach to the promotion of ethical practice by professional organizations also is presented.

Ethical Issues in Psychologist-Client Relationship

Abstract: As far back as I can remember, struggling with ethical issues has always been a familiar experience while fulfilling my responsibilities as an administrator, as a teacher and researcher, or as a practitioner. Of course, our national societies are doing whatever they can to provide us with a code of professional ethics that contains some general norms and practical guidelines, derived from commonly recognized basic principles and a concerned awareness of local needs. In this regard, it is only fair to remember that we owe a great deal to our colleagues of the American Psychological Association, whose several official publications (1953, 1967, 1973) have been helpful to various other national associations for defining their own rules of conduct.