Showing papers on "Professional ethics published in 1982"

Ethical decisions for social work practice

Abstract: Preface. Part 1: INTRODUCTION TO ETHICAL DECISION MAKING. 1. Ethical Choices in the Helping Professions. 2. Values and Professional Ethics. 3. Guidelines for Ethical Decision Making: Concepts, Approaches, and Values. 4. Guidelines for Ethical Decision Making. Part 2: ETHICAL DILEMMAS IN PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE. 5. Confidentiality and Informed Consent. 6. Client Rights and Professional Expertise. 7. Value Neutrality and Imposing Values. 8. Equality, Inequality, Limited Resources, and Advocacy. 9. The Professional Relationship: Limits, Dilemmas, and Problems. 10. Organizational and Work Relationships. 11. Social Work with Selected Client Groups. 12. Changing World/Changing Dilemmas. 13. Whose Responsibility Are Professional Ethics? Appendix A: Additional Exemplars. Appendix B: Glossary. Bibliography. Index.

Role-Set Configuration and Opportunity as Predictors of Unethical Behavior in Organizations

Abstract: Role-set configuration is examined as a predictor of ethical/unethical behavior among two random samples of advertisers [corporate clients and ad agency account executives]. The specific reported behaviors analyzed are intraorganizational behaviors available to most employees. The conceptual framework is based on differential association theory and role set configuration analysis. The three dimensions of role-set configuration used to predict ethical/unethical behavior are organizational location, relative authority and referent others' beliefs and behaviors as perceived by the focal person. The focal person's opportunity to participate in unethical behavior is also a predictor variable. Eighty-nine corporate clients and 136 agency advertisers responded to a questionnaire [a 33% return rate] consisting of a slightly revised version of Newstrom and Ruch's ethics scale. Seven types of predictors of ethical/unethical behavior, "What I do," are developed through principal component factor analysis. These seve...

Ethics in the Academic Profession. A Socratic View.

Abstract: University teachers have become increasingly concerned with professional ethics, particularly medical, legal, and business ethics. However, they have not given similar attention to the ethical issues associated with their own profession, though important moral issues do arise in university teaching. A major reason for this omission is that college teaching is not recognized as a distinct profession. Much has been written about the professional responsibilities of scientists, psychologists, and philosophers, but I would like to present a case for recognizing college teaching as a distinct professional activity, one with its own purposes and obligations. In this article I will focus on the humanities and the teaching of values, but much of what I say will have implications for other areas of university teaching as well. I will employ a Socratic view of professional responsibility and claim that university teachers have a social obligation to help other citizens, both inside and outside the classroom, formulate reasoned principles for themselves. And I will contend, more controversially perhaps, that to be an advocate for particular substantive positions is inconsistent with this responsibility.'

Ethical Standards Within Organizational behavior

Abstract: The results of a study of the ethics of publishing and reviewing research indicated (1) substantial dissensus about whether standards exist; (2) vague or nonexistent mechanisms for communicating st...

Professional ethics—for whose benefit?

Abstract: In a wide ranging paper the author, a barrister, considers medical ethics in the context of divided loyalties, particularly those of a doctor employed by the National Health Service and those of doctors in occupational medicine. He argues for more specific professional codes of medical ethics, especially in relation to the need to obtain patients' explicit consent before medical details are transmitted to third parties. On the thorny question of when, if ever, can the good of society override the doctor's special duty to his patient of confidentiality, he urges medical organisations to be more explicit at least on how members can set about resolving such dilemmas - mere assertion that a problem exists and that individual doctors must resolve it according to their consciences is not good enough, he says. Extolling honesty and openness as fundamental values he ends by suggesting that part of a binding code of medical ethics might be a requirement that doctors display in their waiting rooms information about their personal moral stances concerning major dilemmas of medical ethics. The paper was given as the Lucas lecture under the aegis of the Royal College of Physicians' Faculty of Occupational Medicine, in whose journal it is also published.

The Ethics of MBO

Abstract: Despite the widespread adoption of Management by Objectives (MBO) and its extensive coverage in the literature, few questions have been raised regarding the ethical issues involved in this form of management Points in the MBO process that are particularly likely to create ethical problems for organizational members are identified, and some means that management can use to increase the likelihood that its MBO program will be conducted in an ethical manner are suggested

Ethical considerations in using group techniques

Abstract: This article presents specific issues in implementing techniques at all the stages of groups. It is designed to stimulate thought leading to ethical practice and the appropriate use of techniques.

Emile Durkheim on Business and Professional Ethics

Abstract: Concern for business and professional ethics is inclined, quite naturally, to be topical or problem centered. We deal largely in cases and principles. There is, however, a wider context of concerns which involves our general understanding of the nature of society and of the role of morality in our age. Consideration of the place of our particular concerns within this wider context can provide what might be called, for want of a better term, a "cultural perspective" on the field of business and professional ethics. For cultural perspective, however, we often turn to the classics: in this case to the French sociologist-philosopher Emile Durkheim (1858-1917). Durkheim developed quite an extensive theory of the role of business and professional groups, understood as the custodians of morality in a post-industrial pluralistic society, which I find quite relevant today. In addition to emphasizing the crucial role of the moral dimension of economic life, Durkheim made specific proposals for social action which are worth reconsidering.

The Public Librarian and Service Ethics

Abstract: The relationship between personal and professional ethics is examined from the standpoint of the public librarian. Librarians' personal attitudes and the service philosophy implicit in public librarianship often suggest contradictory responses to information or service requests which are personally offensive to the librarian, resulting in ethical dilemmas. Examples of such dilemmas are given: reasons for their occurrence and different opinions regarding ethical behavior are discussed. This type of conflict is itself neither good nor bad, but must be acknowledged by librarians and dealt with by the profession. Existing ethics of service guidelines are reviewed, and recommendations for resolving ethical conflict are offered.

Ethics: A Theory of Medical Ethics.

Abstract: KIE: This book review characterizes Robert Veatch's A Theory of Medical Ethics as a "third-generation" treatise that looks beyond case- and issue-oriented analysis to develop the theoretical bases of a "true system of medical ethics." Veatch proposes a "draft medical ethical covenant" based on a "triple contract" model, in which the moral principles of contract keeping, autonomy, honesty, avoiding killing, and justice govern the physician's relationship to both individual patients and society.

Organizational Authority and Professional Responsibility in Clinical Sociology

Abstract: When, if ever, are clinical sociologists justified in accepting the directives of employers and management sponsors as setting the parameters within which they proceed with their work? In particular, is it ever permissible for clinical sociologists to accept an employer's or a manager-sponsor's definition of a problem to be studied, even though they may not view it as the more fundamental problem needing study in the situation? These questions are important for understanding the professional role and moral responsibilities of practitioners in the still-coalescing profession of clinical sociology. They also have increasing practical importance at a time when job opportunities for sociologists are shifting from academia to industry and government-both within organizations as employees and as external organizational consultants.