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Showing papers on "Project engineering published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A longitudinal comparison in detail of two similar product development projects, one conducted in 2001, the other in 2009, reveals that the use of CAD affected how the product development was executed, with both positive and negative consequences.
Abstract: Over the past twenty years, the use of digital design tools such as Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) has increased dramatically. Today, almost no product development project is conducted without the use of CAD models. Major advantages typically ascribed to using CAD include better solutions through broader exploration of the solution space as well as faster and less expensive projects through faster and earlier iterations. This latter effect, the shifting of simulation and testing traditionally accomplished with help of physical prototypes late in the process – a slow and expensive activity – to doing similar activities with virtual prototypes faster and earlier in the process, has been identified as a key aspect of front-loading, an activity shift promising to enable superior product development performance (Thomke and Fujimoto, 2000).Given CAD’s recent pervasive use, the research questions for this article became how CAD use has actually changed the way in which product development is conducted, and through which mechanisms and pathways can CAD impact product development performance, especially with respect to the idea of front-loading? This article addresses these questions by studying in a longitudinal comparison in detail two similar product development projects, one conducted in 2001, the other in 2009. The projects were carefully selected to isolate the substantially higher levels of CAD use of the second project while controlling for most other input factors that influence project performance. The project with substantially higher use of CAD exhibited significant improvements in prototyping costs but only marginal changes in project time and project engineering labor cost relative to the project with lower CAD use. In-depth intra-project analysis on the phase level reveals that the use of CAD affected how the product development was executed, with both positive and negative consequences. In addition to, and separate from positive aspects of front-loading, unintended consequences in the form of back-loading work are also observed. Back-loading can occur in two places in the product development process: First, the availability of CAD systems can cause an early jump into detail design, effectively shortcutting concept development. Second, the ability to relatively quickly conduct small changes virtually to the design can erode process discipline, late changes are made simply because they are possible. Both of these effects back-load work in the opposite direction of the positive front-loading. The theoretical implications of our observations are discussed and a simple framework to convert our findings into managerial advice is proposed.

33 citations


01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, an experienced grouting engineer is employed to work closely with the design team to establish practical and achievable goals for both the quality control program and the grouting operation as a whole.
Abstract: A good quality control program helps ensure that technical requirements of the grouting are met and also adds to the overall success of a grouting project. The quality control program for underground grouting starts with the design. The design must be adequate to meet the project engineering requirements while remaining reasonable and sufficiently flexible from a constructability standpoint. This can be best accomplished by engaging an experienced grouting engineer during the early stages of design. This individual will work closely with the design team to establish practical and achievable goals for both the quality control program and the grouting operation as a whole.

19 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
15 Dec 2010
TL;DR: This study presents a way to analyze mediated discussions using a discussion forum and uses pragmatic analysis in order to identify criteria that help to analyze coordination messages in design projects.
Abstract: In order to promote reuse, we have to help designers understand the context of previous projects . We have to build project memories that not only simply archive previous project solutions but that document the reasons why these solutions were chosen. These reasons have to show experts skills, document the representation of treated problems and the decision context, etc. This study presents a way to analyze mediated discussions using a discussion forum. We use pragmatic analysis in order to identify criteria that help to analyze coordination messages in design projects. These criteria can help to emphasize the context of decision making based on coordination interactions.

12 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
05 Dec 2010
TL;DR: A distributed simulation of industrial plant construction using separate modules inter-linked via the High Level Architecture enables the capture of all features, resources, and processes required to design, build, and maintain a facility, and an HLA-based approach simplifies collaborative development and improves reusability of components.
Abstract: Large, complex construction projects, such as industrial plant construction, are not well suited to discrete-event process interaction simulation. The authors present a distributed simulation of industrial plant construction using separate modules inter-linked via the High Level Architecture (HLA). This enables the capture of all features, resources, and processes required to design, build, and maintain a facility, and an HLA-based approach simplifies collaborative development and improves reusability of components. The proposed methodology for simulating industrial construction is validated using COSYE, a Construction Synthetic Environment developed at the University of Alberta.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The integrative model presented here is a key component of the project engineering approach and enables the automatic creation and prospective benchmarking of complex, detailed project plans.
Abstract: The complexity of a single project – resulting from the amount of activities to be accounted for as well as the required resources – and the amount of simultaneously running projects within an enterprise are rapidly increasing. In order to stay competitive, those factors relevant for the success of project planning and execution, e.g., the project duration or budget, must be specifically identified and realised. On this basis, we developed an integrative simulation model that connects the advantages of existing activity- and actor-oriented models. The integrative model presented here is a key component of the project engineering approach and enables the automatic creation and prospective benchmarking of complex, detailed project plans. The specific aspects of the new, innovative simulation model were developed in cooperation with enterprises of the chemical industry and were verified in different development projects.

8 citations


Patent
06 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a system comprising a computer, project forecast, workflow allocations, and incurred expense databases, and an application on the computer extracting from the project forecast database a list of costs and revenues associated with a first and second project, costs comprising approved expenses described in the workflow allocations database and incurred expenses in the incurred expense database.
Abstract: A system is provided comprising a computer, project forecast, workflow allocations, and incurred expense databases, and an application on the computer extracting from the project forecast database a list of costs and revenues associated with a first and second project, costs comprising approved expenses described in the workflow allocations database and incurred expenses in the incurred expense database. The system determines the first project is operational and for a first subscriber base and the second project is incomplete and is to be for a second subscriber base, completion of the second project pending release of a remaining cost item. The system analyzes an alternate allocation of the cost item to improve the profitability of the first subscriber base, delaying the second project. The system determines the proposed alternate allocation increases the first subscriber base profitability more than a reduction of second subscriber base profitability resulting from the proposed alternate allocation.

7 citations



Book
30 Nov 2010
TL;DR: This book introduces the topic of Workflow Management, gives an overview of the technical possibilities of SAP WebFlow and allows the reader to assess SAP workflow project risks and costs/benefits based on real life examples.
Abstract: It is now possible to gain competitive advantages based on consolidated R/3 system implementations. One of the most important optimisation aspects is a more consistent process integration in order to bring about fast, secure and cost effective business processes. This approach inevitably leads to Workflow Management and for SAP users to SAP WebFlow. This book introduces the topic of Workflow Management, gives an overview of the technical possibilities of SAP WebFlow and allows the reader to assess SAP workflow project risks and costs/benefits based on real life examples. Check lists and technical hints not only aid the reader in evaluating potential projects but also in the management of real life workflow project engineering.

3 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
23 Dec 2010
TL;DR: In order to enable students to experience real life engineering problem solving, design, team work, project execution and management, civil engineering students at the United States Coast Guard Academy (USCGA) must complete a capstone project as a graduation requirement as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In order to enable students to experience real life engineering problem solving, design, team work, project execution and management, civil engineering students at the United States Coast Guard Academy (USCGA) must complete a capstone project as a graduation requirement. To better prepare USCGA students for their unique future roles as civil engineers in the Coast Guard, most capstone projects involve working with Coast Guard officers and civilian engineers in the field on actual Coast Guard projects. Project selection criteria include funding for site visits, a mandatory design component, a reasonable project schedule, realistic stakeholder expectations and a good match with expertise of the faculty advisors. The capstone design teams are provided specific instructions to guide them through the execution of their capstone projects. The authors discuss the development and execution of successful capstone projects at the USCGA and provide strategies for meeting educational outcomes while ensuring projects are useful to the Coast Guard.

3 citations


Proceedings Article
18 Jul 2010
TL;DR: In this article, the challenges of building and sustaining commitment in culturally and globally diverse teams are examined in a field study of 35 multinational, high-technology product developments, and specific suggestions for enhancing commitment within the project organization, its team members and partners are presented.
Abstract: Commitment from all stakeholders is a critical condition for project success, especially for complex and multinational undertakings that involve intricate networks of resource and power sharing. The challenges of building and sustaining commitment in culturally and globally diverse teams are examined in a field study of 35 multinational, high-technology product developments. The results of this study identify (1) the components of commitment in various stakeholder groups, (2) the drivers and barriers to obtaining and sustaining commitment, and (3) the leadership style most conducive to fostering an organizational environment for high levels of project ownership and commitment to established project objectives. The findings provide an insight into the factors which influence team behavior and performance in complex multinational work environments, and a framework for assessing project leadership and managerial effectiveness. The paper concludes with specific suggestions for enhancing commitment within the project organization, its team members and partners. The presentation will be designed to stimulate critical thinking, dialog and experience sharing.

3 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
09 Jul 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics of the construction management and how to manage a construction project with the project management techniques are described and described in terms of characteristics and characteristics of each project.
Abstract: Project management techniques can be adopted for any project, but the way of application of the project management techniques varies from project to project, depending on different characteristics of each project. Construction management is widely employed in the civil construction sector and it has its own characteristics which should be considered when the project management techniques are adopted. This paper states and describes the characteristics of the construction management and tells how to manage a construction project with the project management techniques.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
07 May 2010
TL;DR: The function of the system, the system block diagram, key indicators of the mathematical model; and the process diagram and system structure of project appraisal are expounded.
Abstract: The engineering project risk assessment information system provides a more scientific and practical supports for the project appraisal. This paper expounds the function of the system, the system block diagram, key indicators of the mathematical model; and expatiates on the process diagram and system structure of project appraisal.

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a Model of Management by Project for Local Development is presented, rooted in the new paradigm of New Public Management whose basic principles are founded in effectiveness and efficiency of public management, in promoting public participation in decision-making for policy design, and in the search for transparency through mechanisms of control and follow-up.
Abstract: As a follow-up to the paper �\Project evaluation and social capital: Investment Plan for the Madrid districts of Villaverde and Usera (1998-2004)., presented in the X congress of Project Engineering (Valencia, 2006), a Model of Management by Project for Local Development is presented. The model is rooted in the new paradigm of New Public Management whose basic principles are founded in effectiveness and efficiency of public management, in promoting public participation in decision-making for policy design, and in the search for transparency through mechanisms of control and follow-up. The model also considers reflections on the results obtained from the evaluation conducted by the Research Group GESPLAN (Sustainable Planning and Management of Rural/Local Development) of the Polytechnic University of Madrid and on the evolution of the first investment plan toward the new Special Investment Plans of Villaverde (2007-2011) and of Usera (2009-2013). It is definitely hoped that this Model of Management by Projects will become a new tool for the management of public administrations in the sphere of local and urban development.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
16 Sep 2010
TL;DR: This paper starts with the analysis of the risk influence on engineering by means of active-matrix theory and distinguishes to the risk factors based process of engineering cost risk.
Abstract: Engineering project risk management is a systematic and whole process management. This paper starts with the analysis of the risk influence on engineering by means of active-matrix theory. Risk factors include aspects of nature, economy, management, technology. Reply evaluation and distinguish to the risk factors, based process of engineering cost risk, for risk fountain arrangement, and corresponding countermeasure are directed at analysis results. The method is convenient and efficient.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
10 Dec 2010
TL;DR: In this article, an integrated management system has been proposed for chemical engineering project design, which takes the 3D model and the project database as a core and realizes the integrated management of engineering design information, quality control, progress control and coordination control.
Abstract: Integration and Informatization management of engineering project is the effective way to improve project management. How to use the limited resource and the lowest cost to implement integrated management is the goal of the project manager. On the ground of analyzing characteristics of modern chemical engineering project design, This paper focuses on quality control,progress control and coordination control of the design stage. Then, An integrated management system has been proposed. it takes the 3D model and the project database as a core and realize the integrated management of engineering design information, quality control, progress control and coordination control .

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review about state of art and the methodology of design of projects MDP-UPC, in order to obtain a first integral approach and the initial generic structure, which organize a new proposal MDPACS to satisfy the exposed lack.
Abstract: The last few decades contextualizes the model of sustainable development (SD) as the unique development model possible, in the field of Project Engineering, this trend demands taking into account the sustainability since conceptualization and design stage of an engineering project. Due to the wide diversity and large body of knowledge around of sustainable development that do exist, the process of translating sustainability criteria into project design, for engineering students in general, and in particular from a determinated context (Proyectos -UPC), represents a difficult task and they omit it. For that reason, as first step for providing of a practical route for the analysis and application of sustainability criteria (sustainability, energy and urban management, CRISEUM) in the design of an engineering project; this paper presents a review about state of art and the methodology of design of projects MDP-UPC, in order to obtain a first integral approach and the initial generic structure, which organize a new proposal MDPACS to satisfy the exposed lack.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
07 May 2010
TL;DR: It can be known that the research result would be a confirmatory evidence for project managers to forecast project morbidity, making project plan and optimizing project resources, as well as controlling whole project in macro-angle.
Abstract: In order to open out the distribution rule of morbidity phenomena in engineering project, 571 project managers in 33 construction companies have been investigated and visited for obtaining a large amount of information of morbidity phenomena. According to the information, all kinds of morbidity phenomena and their frequencies are summed up, their primary and secondary relationships and distribution rules in every stage are described by means of statistics; and then, their characteristics together with investigation results are explained. Third, morbidity phenomena's total distribution in engineering project and its mathematic characteristic are analyzed according to sub-sample capacitances of all morbidity phenomena in four stages. It can be known that the research result would be a confirmatory evidence for project managers to forecast project morbidity, making project plan and optimizing project resources, as well as controlling whole project in macro-angle.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
06 Mar 2010
TL;DR: The predetermined objective of XML cause project training system has been established with the concepts of CDIO, and the integral structure of XMLCause project trainingSystem has been given combining with the principle ofCDIO project design and the current status of XMLcause.
Abstract: This paper describes the procedure of the CDIO number three item design in the XML cause with the guidance of the CDIO basic concepts, analysis of the current status of cause project training system. With the life cycle from Product development and operation as the carrier, CDIO make students learn the engineering process by the method which is Active, practical, curriculum organic link. The predetermined objective of XML cause project training system has been established with the concepts of CDIO, and the integral structure of XML cause project training system has been given combining with the principle of CDIO project design and the current status of XML cause.

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a methodological comparison of the activities involved during a forward engineering exercise versus a reverse engineering exercise is presented, expecting to understand the links between the competences exercised at an educational stage and those expected later during the project engineering practice and how to reflect these findings in improved educational curricula.
Abstract: The International Project Management Association (IPMA) through its IPMA – ICB Competence Baseline Version 3.0 provides the official definition of the competences expected from project management practitioners and describes the competence elements necessary to develop and realize good project plans and results. In this document, professional project management is broken down into 46 competence elements that cover three ranges: Technical competences for project management; Behavioral competences of project personnel and Contextual competences of projects. As these competences are expected from project management practitioners, it is important to discover how students from related fields start acquiring and developing these competence elements; for example through D/A/A activities (Disassemble, Analysis, Assembly ) also known as Reverse Engineering activities which provide useful ‘hands-on’ learning experiences and are used as a complement to conventional engineering design exercises in an educational context and require the use of several of the competences mentioned in the baseline document. A methodological comparison of the activities involved during a forward engineering exercise versus a reverse engineering exercise is presented, expecting to understand the links between the competences exercised at an educational stage and those expected later during the project engineering practice and how to reflect these findings in improved educational curricula.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
16 Sep 2010
TL;DR: Analytic Hierarchy Process is introduced into analyzing the relationship of three objectives from the questionnaire data collected by the experts, which can help to determinate objective system reasonablely, carry out the project smoothly and improve management level.
Abstract: It is very important to determinate the objective system priority that affects the realization of project genaral objective. In this research Analytic Hierarchy Process is introduced into analyzing the relationship of three objectives from the questionnaire data collected by the experts. Priority of three objectives is identified, which is the quality as first, time and cost next. The result of this research can help to determinate objective system reasonablely, carry out the project smoothly and improve management level.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2010
TL;DR: The results show that 17 factors concerning owner's engineering capabilities, owner's preferences to project construction, project properties, and lump-sum contracting market conditions exert a profound influence on the decision-making of lump- sum contracting project delivery methods.
Abstract: 20 factors are selected to frame a primary factor set from 38 factors obtained through literature study. The methods of Mean Score and Ranking Agreement Factor are applied to calculate the sorting order and analyze the consistency of market survey data. The results show that 17 factors concerning owner's engineering capabilities, owner's preferences to project construction, project properties, and lump-sum contracting market conditions exert a profound influence on the decision-making of lump-sum contracting project delivery methods. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to promote a rapid and sound development of lump-sum contracting system in Chinese construction industry.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
05 Dec 2010
TL;DR: The objective of this paper is to develop a method for clustering activities of large and repetitive construction projects for enhancing the reusability of those simulation models, called Clustered Simulation Modeling (CSM).
Abstract: Construction planning methods have been in continuous evolution due to the increasing complexity of construction projects. Construction simulation modeling is one of the later stages of this evolution that has received much attention in research. Many simulation based construction planning methods developed modeling methods that attempt to cluster project activities into smaller sub-models that enhance model reusability. Many of these modeling methods, however, create new modeling elements that are not familiar to traditional construction simulation modelers. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to develop a method for clustering activities of large and repetitive construction projects for enhancing the reusability of those simulation models. The developed method does not create any new modeling elements and is called Clustered Simulation Modeling (CSM). CSM was evaluated in modeling an actual large-scale repetitive construction projects, and the results have illustrated the effectiveness of the method and the proposed clustering scheme.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
Xiang Gu1
09 Jul 2010
TL;DR: The paper points out that the engineering management cost control level is the key of the project benefit evaluation, and is the important way of improving engineering management level and decreasing project operation risk.
Abstract: The paper analyzes the basic principle of the engineering management cost control, introduces the content and method of the engineering management cost control from project bidding stage, construction preparation stage, construction stage, completion and acceptance stage, and points out that the engineering management cost control level is the key of the project benefit evaluation, and is the important way of improving engineering management level and decreasing project operation risk.

Proceedings Article
11 May 2010
TL;DR: A cost modified prediction in project is developed, which measures the correlation of each work or project using exponential correlation function, modifies the expectation value and covariance of the uncompleted work and project using the completed based on Bayes theorem, and then predicts the total cost of project under the given confidence level.
Abstract: Considering correlation of work in project, this paper develops a cost modified prediction in project, which measures the correlation of each work or project using exponential correlation function, modifies the expectation value and covariance of the uncompleted work or project using the completed based on Bayes theorem, and then predicts the total cost of project under the given confidence level This model can achieve early warning if the manager provides the limits to the cost of project


Proceedings ArticleDOI
04 Nov 2010
TL;DR: The cardinal technical implementation of programs and software instructions are introduced in this paper and the norms of the highway project as the custom menu are added into help document library of various editions AutoCAD.
Abstract: The secondary development under the environment of AutoCAD is that the norms of the highway project as the custom menu are added into help document library of various editions AutoCAD. Then project planner can quickly find what they need, which can increase productivity. In this paper, the development course of this design, the cardinal technical implementation of programs and software instructions are introduced.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
Hongqi Liu1, Zhuowei Hu1, Zhiheng Wang1, Yanan Dang1, Xiaoshuang Wang1 
11 Nov 2010
TL;DR: Facing the monitoring demand to the progress of key project using remote sensing technology, the Beijing-Tianjin inter-city railway project (Beijing South Railway Station) was taken and the high resolution remote sensing image of 2005 and 2007 were used as data source, which provided data basis for the monitoring and evaluation ofKey project.
Abstract: Facing the monitoring demand to the progress of key project using remote sensing technology, the Beijing-Tianjin inter-city railway project (Beijing South Railway Station) was taken for example and the high resolution remote sensing image of 2005 (before project) and 2007 (in project) were used as data source. At first, we built land-use classification index system. Then land-use information of South station and its surrounding was extracted using object-oriented method, which provided data basis for the monitoring and evaluation of key project. Results show that: the object oriented method has a much higher precision and efficiency than the traditional information extraction methods with classification accuracy 85.98% and 92.92%, Kappa coefficient 0.824 and 0.9085 respectively.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
23 Dec 2010
TL;DR: Analysis of the data indicates that the students who completed the course with design emphasis are better skilled at design and perform equally at analysis relative to those students completing the traditional strength of materials course.
Abstract: Elementary strength of materials is a core undergraduate engineering course that introduces the mechanics of deformable bodies. Traditionally, the focus of the course is on analysis, but we have recast the course to apply analysis to design in order to better prepare students to become engineers — design being the primary function of practicing engineers. A semester-long design project has been implemented to provide an opportunity for students to practice design. Student teams design playground equipment including: conceptual layout, material selection, load specification, design analysis, drawings, cost estimate, and final report. A web site has been created to facilitate administration of the project, provide links to data sources, and give design analysis examples. This paper summarizes the design project and the tools created to ease the time burden associated with the project. The focus is on assessment of the effectiveness of the project. The results of the assessment over three semesters at Penn State are positive. Analysis of the data indicates that the students who completed the course with design emphasis are better skilled at design and perform equally at analysis relative to those students completing the traditional strength of materials course.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
Guang-shu Xu1
29 Nov 2010
TL;DR: Based on combination of related foreign theories and engineering practices in China, an index system of project performance evaluation has been explored and constructed as mentioned in this paper, and the index system applied to some cases according to their actual situations.
Abstract: Based on combination of related foreign theories and engineering practices in China, an index system of project performance evaluation has been explored and constructed Furthermore, we applied the index system of performance evaluation to some cases according to their actual situations The effectiveness of the index system of engineering projects was confirmed, and effect of integration management of engineering project was proved in practice