Project engineering

About: Project engineering is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 609 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8869 citations.

Economic, Social and Environmental Issues

Abstract: This chapter presents some useful decision making tools involved in project engineering. The chapter introduces the notion that design is not a science, but a discipline, where there is no easily refutable conjecture. Engineers propose, managers dispose. This little aphorism sums up the process of decision making in the planning of engineering projects. In the context of making economic decisions, project managers are faced with the unenviable task of choosing to support the projects that are more likely to yield better returns on investment, than those that are rejected. The chapter reviews some simple economic evaluations of project investment opportunities. A fault tree is a network representing causal relations for a system or component. Fault tree analysis (FTA) uses backward-chaining logic based on successive posing of questions of the form: “What prior event could have led to failure event X?” This chapter explains the structure of a fault tree, advantages and disadvantages of fault trees, and some guidelines for construction of fault trees. Event tree analysis (ETA) makes use of forward-chaining logic by asking questions such as “What happens if this component fails in some particular failure mode?” or, in general, what consequences follow from a postulated initiating event. Thus, ETA is closely related to potential failure modes and effects analysis (PFMEA), a quality management tool used by many manufacturers to improve their products. ETA is often applied to chains of events hypothesized to describe accidents having severe or catastrophic consequences..

RoboCupRescue project

Abstract: This paper presents current state of RoboCupRescue International Cooperative Research Project. It consists of a Simulation Project and Robot Project. The Simulation Project developed a version 0 simulator that consists of 4 disaster simulators, various autonomous agents of disaster response, a geographic information system, 3 simulation viewers and a distributed simulation kernel. Key points of this system from the viewpoint of disaster science is: (1) synthetic simulation of heterogeneous phenomena and behaviors, and (2) simulation of response behaviors including human organization. Simulation results show the effectiveness of this simulation and are being applied to the local government. Robot Project started a contest. The field where robots are tested is developed by NIST to simulate real disaster situations. The evaluation rule considers accuracy and efficiency of search and surveillance of victims in the confined space of structures. Participants deployed for real operations at the New York World Trade Center terror, and found about 10 victim bodies. A network-based new urban infrastructure is proposed. It consists of robotic systems and IT devices. They are integrated by the distributed architecture.

JPL's approach for helping flight project managers meet today's management challenges

Abstract: The Jet Propulsion Laboratory has recently implemented a number of improvements to help flight project managers cope with today's highly competitive, costcapped environment. This paper discusses the programmatic, technical and cultural challenges that were encountered and overcome during the process. The objective was to increase the mission success, performance and implementation efficiency of projects by providing additional institutional support, training, and, when appropriate, standardization. New guidance was generated for designing, managing, and implementing spacecraft and flight projects. Improvements were made in the planning, cost estimation and oversight processes through the development of a standard life cycle and a set of required gate products. Organizational changes were made adding a new associate director, a project support office and a burden-funded formulation support team. A new project support Website, cost databases and costing tools were created for capturing and presenting historic data, examples and templates. Training was improved by introducing a new, highly rated, week-long project manager course structured around the life cycle and implementation practices. Roles and responsibilities assigned to project and line management were rebalanced to create a better partnership, and oversight processes were better coordinated with project reviews and timelines. The overall effort has been acclaimed by project managers and industry partners, and suggests; a model that could be adapted to other centers.

R&D and quality assurance partnership

Abstract: Complex R&D programs, such as end-product oriented VLSI developments, require utilization and integration of teams consisting of individuals representing a wide variety of different areas of expertise. The needed expertise can be provided by a highly professional quality assurance team equipped with state-of-the-art analytical instrumentation. Its integration into the total program team with additional program and market-oriented objectives can provide an increased overall effectiveness. Successful experience with the combined team strategy, as applied during a 32-bit VLSI development program, is described here in terms of the program environment, conditions leading to the decision to invite the quality assurance team to participate, changes introduced, and specialized knowledge contributed. Results of this strategy are evaluated in the context of program and project management.

Ex-situ anti-poverty relocation project management system based on big data

Abstract: The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-poverty data management and particularly relates to an ex-situ anti-poverty relocation project management system based on big data. The invention aims at solving the technical problems that the ex-situ anti-poverty relocation project management system which realizes full informationization, saves human and material resources and can realize accurate anti-poverty is provided. The adopted technical scheme is that the ex-situ anti-poverty relocation project management system comprises an anti-poverty object subsystem, a project engineering subsystem, an investing and financing subsystem, a data processing subsystem and a GIS (Geographic Information System) information subsystem, wherein the anti-poverty object subsystem is used for acquiring and managing basic information of anti-poverty objects; the project engineering subsystem is used for accurately managing the anti-poverty objects within area coverage, declaring anti-poverty projects, tracking the progress of the anti-poverty projects and managing the process of the anti-poverty projects; the investing and financing subsystem is used for controlling and managing fund use of all the anti-poverty projects; the data processing subsystem is used for carrying out big data processing analysis and storing on data and files generated in the anti-poverty process; the GIS information subsystem is used for receiving and displaying distribution information of the anti-poverty objects and the anti-poverty projects and implementation progress information of the anti-poverty projects.