Showing papers on "Projectile published in 1974"

Projectile energy absorbing protective barrier

Abstract: A projectile energy absorbing protective barrier comprising a blanket formed of multiple layers of woven cloth and a rigid supporting layer is disclosed. Each cloth layer comprises a plurality of tapes, each tape formed of high tensile strength, continuous filaments having a low modulus of elasticity. The cloth layers are each woven in a manner such that relative sliding movement between the tapes is permitted. The rigid backing layer supports the multiple cloth layers in a corrugated configuration such that the longitudinal axes defined by the corrugation nodes lie at an angle relative to the direction of the weave pattern. The corrugations, and the weave pattern, allow the cloth layers to instantly move without resistance upon impact by a projectile, in the direction of projectile travel. Subsequent to impact and achieving the speed of the projectile, the filaments wrap partially around the projectile and contain it by reacting in tension. The invention can be in the form of a "window" and surround a portion of the projectile emitting mechanism. Further, the side of the barrier remote from the direction of projectile impact can be encased by an explosively rupturable wall adapted to form a part of the outer surface of a housing, such as a jet engine nacelle.

Non-lethal projectile for riot control

Abstract: A flexible, non-lethal projectile adapted to be fired from a conventional shotgun comprising a pliant body having a plurality of flexible arms. The projectile may be loaded in a shotgun shell casing and fixed therefrom. Upon exit from the gun muzzle the projectile arms extend and provide a large impact area to prevent penetration of the projectile into a target.

Microcraters formed in glass by projectiles of various densities

Abstract: An experiment was conducted investigating the effect of projectile density on the structure and size of craters in soda lime glass and fused quartz. The projectiles were spheres of polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB), aluminum, and iron with velocities between 0.5 and 15 km/sec and diameters between 0.4 and 5 microns. The projectile densities spanned the range expected for primary and secondary particles of micrometer size at the lunar surface, and the velocities spanned the lower range of micrometeoroid velocities and the upper range of secondary projectile velocities. There are changes in crater morphology as the impact velocity increases, and the transitions occur at lower velocities for the projectiles of higher density. The sequence of morphological features of the craters found for PS-DVB impacting soda lime glass for increasing impact velocity, described in a previous work (Mandeville and Vedder, 1971), also occurs in fused quartz and in both targets with the more dense aluminum and iron projectiles. Each transition in morphology occurs at impact velocities generating a certain pressure in the target. High density projectiles require a lower velocity than low-density projectiles to generate a given shock pressure.

Electromagnetically responsive projectile and system for detecting same

Abstract: A projectile is provided having contained therein a passive electromagnetically responsive device such as a tuned inductive-capacitive circuit. The circuit is preferably detected by stimulating oscillations at the resonant frequency of the circuit by a pulsed electromagnetic field. The projectiles are desirably used to enable remote tagging and detection and/or identification of objects including livestock.

Construction for cartridge

Abstract: A bullet is formed of an explosive charge with a primer at one end and a projectile mass at the other end, all enclosed in a continuous plastic sheath. The sheath has a weakened central section to define a line of separation for a projectile section from the body of the plastic sheath when the explosive charge is fired. By controlling the weight of the projectile and the stress required to separate the plastic case at the weakened section, the impact characteristics of the projectile can be controlled. A blank is fabricated by eliminating the projectile and forming the weakened sheath section at the end of the sheath. The combined primer and charge is encased by a thin, plastic sheath portion which is thin enough to allow a weapon firing pin to fire the primer. The combined primer and charge is also formed of a small caliber blank with a conventional brass case.

Three "d" weapons sight

Abstract: An improved sighting device for projectile launchers that are mounted on a oving vehicle includes a dual parabolic visor slidably positioned on a helmet. The visor is in the form of two parabolas; and when locked in position, one parabola is in front of each eye of the wearer. The focal point of each parabola is at a prescribed point on the upper leading edge of the helmet opening. Fiber optic bundles, located at each focal point are connected to cathode-ray tubes and project a series of dots on to the visor in front of each eye of the wearer to simulate, in three dimensions, the trajectory of a projectile, if the projectile were fired at any given time.

Projectile body testing machine

Abstract: A fully automatic machine for non-destructive testing of projectile bodies. The machine includes an eddy-current station for inspection for cracks or holes in the nose threads of a projectile body and an ultrasonic station for inspection for cracks or holes in the body of the projectile from the rotating band to the bottom edge of the nose threads. A material handling system is provided to transport the projectile bodies to and from the inspection station and a memory device is provided to record a projectile body that fails a test. A marking device is connected with the memory system to mark each projectile body that passes both tests.

Ice cannon combined with frozen projectile supply structure and target structure

Abstract: A target shooting apparatus having a shooting station and a target station separated by a range area with a projectile launcher at the shooting station adapted to discharge frozen particles in a controlled trajectory at the target station. The projectile launcher is provided with a frozen projectile supply having a refrigeration plant for the freezing of an aqueous medium into a plurality of frozen projectiles and transport facilities are provided for delivering the frozen projectiles to the shooting station. In a typical embodiment, the refrigeration plant is a conventional ice cube maker with a suitable dispenser and pnuematic transport facilities for dispensing and delivering ice cubes to the breech of a simulated artillery piece such as a cannon for launching at a target such as a ship in an aquatic environment. The artillery piece has an outer housing which simulates the barrel of a cannon with an internal, resonator sleeve supported at its discharge end in which the barrel of the frozen projectile launcher is supported. The launcher is powered with a compressed gas and the resonator sleeve acoustically amplifies the release of air pressure from the barrel. The launcher is also provided with a breech body having a central, transverse bore in which is rotatably mounted a plug member. The plug member has a projectile chamber which, when the plug is rotated between loading and firing positions, assumes a generally coaxial extension with radial bores in the breech body.

Payload carrying tubular projectile

Abstract: A tubular, nonhazardous projectile having a ring airfoil shape has a plurality of recessed pockets circumferentially disposed around the body, each adjacent pair of pockets being separated by a longitudinal rib. Payload material is held in discrete compartments of a payload package, one compartment being held in each pocket of the projectile. The assembly is held together by wrapping the projectile. The projectile is propelled from a suitable launching device and, upon direct or glancing impact with a target, the wrapping breaks and the payload material is dispersed in the area of impact.

Cartridge for firearms

Abstract: A firearm cartridge is provided with a thin-wall tubular casing which carries a percussion element at its rear end and which exhibits a radially inwardly bent flange on its front end. A projectile is supported in the forward portion of the case by means of a bushing having an inwardly and forwardly extending taper that terminates in engagement with the flange of the casing. The inner periphery of the bushing exhibits an outwardly directed projection intermediate its ends, such projection being received in a mating annular recess on the outer periphery of the projectile.

Adjustable means to vary point of impact of over-and-under firearms

Abstract: An adjustable means connecting the muzzle ends of barrels in an over-and-under firearm, which adjustable means when actuated causes a separation of the barrels, thus altering the point of impact of projectile means discharged from the barrels which have been moved.

Piezoelectric fuze, especially for projectiles

Abstract: A piezoelectric fuze, especially for projectiles, having a piezoelectric element which converts the mechanical shockwave produced upon impact on a target into an output signal for igniting a detonator. A control circuit is provided for generating an output signal and a threshold switching circuit is provided for receiving the outputs of the control circuit and the piezoelectric element as a superimposed signal for establishing a connection between a power source and a detonator of the fuze when the threshold value of the threshold circuit is exceeded.

Firearm barrels and projectiles

Abstract: A firearm barrel is provided with a smooth bore which is widened in areas with annular grooves or pockets in the bore walls which act as propellant gas pressure relief areas. When a projectile is fired through the smooth bore, helical notches in the rear of the projectile cooperate with the gas-relief areas of the bore to allow propellant gas to flow and be expanded through the rear helicals, imparting a twist to the projectile, as the cylindric calibre proper of the projectile fills and seals the forward area of the bore proper past the widened bore areas, therefore gas is prevented from escaping past the projectile's forward end and the full volume of the gas is retained to propel the projectile forward until it has left the muzzle of the firearm barrel.

Velcro projectile and target

Abstract: A game having a projectile coated with burr type material and a target to which the burr material adheres. In a preferred form the projectile is a ball having two wheel elements intersecting in planes at right angles to each other and provided with burr coated rims. A single wheel element may be used as a dart or slingshot projectile.

Flying toy projectile

Abstract: A toy projectile which has a channel through the fuselage and is launched from a rod on which the fuselage is slidably mounted, is made more controllable by having the rod engage in the channel as a key in a keyway.

Non-destructive weapon system evaluation apparatus and method for using same

Abstract: A method and apparatus for nondestructively evaluating the performance of a weapon system. The unique concept embodied in the present invention provides nondestructive scoring of weapon systems during simulated battlefield testing and also provides a technique of nearly total simulation of the gun laying and firing of a real weapon system. In a preferred embodiment within the context of an integrated fire control weapon system, the present invention includes a gun, a laser, and a radar, all of which are mounted on separate and independently operable pedestals. The radar or tracking device supplies position and range information to the control device which computes the required lead angle and predicted range which, in turn, defines the point in space where projectile/target intercept will occur. The gun is then positioned by the control device in such a way that, if then fired, the projectile will then pass through the predicted point in space a time of flight thereafter. Utilizing the same information, a laser control device positions the laser pedestal so that at the end of time of the flight of the projectile, the laser will be positioned towards the predicted point. The laser is fired by the control device at the precise point in time corresponding to the predicted intercept time of the projectile and target. The resultant hit or miss information, which may, for example, be obtained by means of a laser receiver mounted on the target, is indicative of the total operational evaluation of the weapon system including the weapon''s target acquisition and tracking devices, the prediction, gun laying, and projectile performance of the system.

Artillery projectile with spreading tail assembly

Abstract: The invention relates to an artillery projectile with spreading tail assembly and a synchronization ring for controlling the orientation of the fins of the tail assembly. The synchronization ring slides on an extension of the projectile base and includes a first means cooperating with at least one piston seated in the projectile base to hold the synchronization ring in the forward position on the one hand, and on the other hand a second means cooperating with a projection of the respective fins to hold the fins in folded position inside the launcher tube when the synchronization ring is held in the forward position. The fins are spread when the ring moves to its rearward position. The movement of the ring may be under the control of one or more of the launching pressure at the projectile base, inertia, a specially generated pressure, rotational forces, or combinations of these.

Two stage light gas-plasma projectile accelerator

Abstract: A device for accelerating a projectile to extremely high velocities includes a light gas accelerator to impart an initial high velocity to the projectile and a plasma accelerator and compressor receiving the moving projectile and accelerating it to higher velocities. A capacitor bank is discharged into a plasma generator in timed relationship to the position of the projectile so that the moving plasma drags the projectile along with it. Projectile velocities in the order of 20 kilometers per second, the average meteoroid velocity, can be attained, whereby the accelerator finds particular utility in the field of meteoroid simulation.

Target practice ammunition for reduced length rifle range - simulates trajectory and accuracy of real ammunition of same calibre

Abstract: A practice projectile such as a shortened range rifle bullet is designed with a ballastic coefficient increased w.r.t. that of the corresponding real projectile to be simulated by inter-relating principal parameters including mass, size and shape of body and warhead and providing means of overstabilizing tape projectile up to an early point in its trajectory, as well as means to increase the aero dynamic coefficient by rotational braking which quickly destabilises the projectile after it passes the early point in the trajectory. Rotational brakin means pref. comprise channels, flutes, grooves milling etc. in the surface of the warhead, partic. longitudinal flutes in th rear end smooth for a length equal to 20% of the overall length of the projectile. The practice projectile is about 20% lighter than the real projectile which it simulates and the centre of gravity is spaced from the cartridge back by about 40% of the overall length of the projectile. Reduced power practice annunition to provide realistic target practice on a rifle range of reduced length. The projectile simulates closely the trajectory of real ammunition and with comparable accuracy. The practice ammunition is reliable and cheap.

Electronic projectile fuse

Abstract: An electronic switch for projectiles includes a circuit with a source of electric energy which is switched in when the projectile is discharged. The circuit includes an adjustable time-delay device for the explosion of the projectile, a device for preventing muzzle burst, and a self-destruct arrangement. The exploding fuse is connected to the source of energy by an impact or a proximity switch. The self-destruct arrangement is settable by cooperating cells carried by the projectile and by the barrel of the gun.

An Improved Projectile Boattail

Abstract: : A series of projectile boattails have shown improved aerodynamic performance over the standard conical boattail. These boattails have equal or lower drag and an improved gyroscopic stability. Their Magnus and damping characteristics appear to be satisfactory so that the projectile should be dynamically stable. Also, these boattails increase the projectile wheel base considerably, thereby decreasing the balloting in the gun tube. The improved aerodynamic performance could lead to longer ranges, longer projectiles or lower spin rates for future projectiles.

Small caliber projectile with an asymmetrical point

Abstract: A projectile of the type to be stabilized by rotation is formed with an asymmetrical point In one embodiment a pair of unequal, diametrically opposed recesses are provided and apportioned so that the center of gravity of the projectile is located along the projectile's axis of rotation

Closed-breech-gun-fired rocket-assisted projectile

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a rocket assisted projectile having forwardly extending central propulsion nozzle and two auxiliary nozzles, an igniter mounted on the cartridge, and booster and propellant charges so related to the igniter and the inverted central nozzle that ignition of the propellant charge opens up the auxiliary nozzles and builds up pressure between the base of the cartridge and a rigid wall in the rocket motor, thereby effecting cartridge-projectile separation. Also disclosed are improvements comprising, inter alia, a plastic ogive providing a firing pin mounting and an integral band, and improvements in impact fuze and spitback housing constructions.

Fuze sterilization system

Abstract: A safety device for an ordnance fuze in a projectile that is armed by movement of an unbalanced rotor subjected to acceleration forces acting on the projectile, where complete arming of the fuze requires movement of the rotor through a predetermined angle to complete an explosive firing train or trains during projectile travel to the target. Upon the occurrence of an unusual flight condition, for example a sudden deceleration of the projectile, before the predetermined lapse of time necessary to completely arm the fuze, causes explosive actuators to come in contact with the rotor to prevent further angular movement toward the armed position thus causing the projectile fuze to become sterilized or dearmed.

Projectile Penetration of Elastic-Plastic Earth Media

Abstract: The penetration of projectiles into earth materials is described. Some factors influencing the constitutive equations for this continuum are analyzed and example numerical solutions using a two-dimensional wave propagation code are given for penetrations into two rock materials. The theory is based on the assumption that both the projectile and penetrated medium can be represented as an elastic-plastic continuum. Response quantities evaluated include deformation and displacements of the penetrated medium, and depth, velocity, and deceleration of the projectile during penetration. Data presented for both projectile and target response are in good qualitative agreement with experimental observations.

Tracking and/or guidance systems

Abstract: A tracking and/or guidance system is disclosed for defining a route to be followed by a vehicle or projectile to a target. The system includes a tracking device which is arranged firstly to operate in an acquisition mode, applicable when the vehicle or projectile is close to the device, and subsequently to be progressively converted into a tracking mode as the distance between the vehicle or projectile and the device increases. In the acquisition mode, the device has a wide field of view but is relatively insensitive to deviations of said vehicle or projectile from said route. As the aforesaid distance increases, however, the field of view is progressively reduced and the sensitivity to said deviations is progressively increased. The invention thus provides a system which is suitable for the both initial acquisition and long range guidance of a vehicle or projectile aimed towards a distant target whilst using a conveniently small detector arrangement.

Carrying part forming a projectile

Abstract: A projectile comprises an elongated casing containing a payload, a proximity fuze, a transmitter unit operative to transmit a beam of radiation toward a target, and a receiver unit responsive to radiation reflected from the target for controlling the proximity fuze to selectively initiate operation of the payload at a predetermined distance from the target. The transmitter unit is located adjacent the tail end of the projectile rearward of the payload and comprises a pyrotechnical charge positioned at the extreme rear of the projectile and operative, when ignited, to cause emission of light via a lens in an opening in the side of the projectile to form the transmitted beam of radiation. The receiver unit is located adjacent the nose end of the projectile forward of the payload to maximize the measuring base between the transmitted and received beams of radiation, and comprises an optical system associated with an interference filter, radiation detector, and electronic control circuit.