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Prolactin

About: Prolactin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 22356 publications have been published within this topic receiving 609537 citations. The topic is also known as: lactotropin, & PRL,.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that GH, Prl, and EGF activate Stat5 in separate compartments, which in turn reflects their specific roles in ductal and alveolar development and differentiation.

247 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that angiotensin II and dopamine receptors of lactotroph cells are able to modulate both cAMP and inositol phosphate production.

247 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Both SSTR2 and SSTR5 are involved in GH regulation in somatotroph adenoma cells, whereas Sstr5 exclusively regulates PRL secretion from prolactinomas cells, suggesting somatostatin analogues with improved selective binding affinity for these receptor subtypes may be effective in the treatment of either GH- or PRL-secreting adenomas.
Abstract: Previously, we have shown somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtype-specific regulation of growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone, and prolactin (PRL) secretion in human fetal pituitary cultures, where GH and thyroid-stimulating hormone are mediated by both SSTR2 and SSTR5, whereas SSTR2 preferentially mediates PRL secretion. We now tested SSTR subtype-selective analogues in primary human GH- and PRL-secreting pituitary adenoma cultures. Analogue affinities determined by membrane radioligand binding in cells stably expressing human SSTR forms were either SSTR2 or SSTR5-selective. Analogues preferential either for SSTR2, including octreotide, lanreotide, and novel compounds with improved affinity for SSTR2, or new SSTR5-selective compounds suppressed GH in tumor cell cultures (up to 44% of control; P < 0.0005). However, novel analogues from both groups were 30-40% more potent than octreotide and lanreotide in suppressing GH (P < 0.05). Heterologous analogue combinations containing both SSTR2- and SSTR5-selective compounds were more potent in decreasing GH than analogues used alone (P < 0.05), or than combinations of compounds specific for the same receptor subtype (P < 0.005). In contrast, SSTR2-selective analogues did not suppress PRL release from six cultured prolactinomas studied. However, new SSTR5-selective analogues suppressed in vitro PRL secretion (30-40%; P < 0.05) in four of six prolactinomas. These results suggest that both SSTR2 and SSTR5 are involved in GH regulation in somatotroph adenoma cells, whereas SSTR5 exclusively regulates PRL secretion from prolactinoma cells. Thus, somatostatin analogues with improved selective binding affinity for these receptor subtypes may be effective in the treatment of either GH- or PRL-secreting adenomas.

247 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that prolactin is involved in the maintenance of T-cell immunocompetence and that the immunosuppressive effects of cyclosporine may be mediated by the displacement of Prolactin from binding sites on lymphocytes.
Abstract: Lymphocyte responsiveness in rats was found to depend on serum prolactin levels. Blocking pituitary prolactin release with bromocriptine severely reduces lymphocyte reactivity in vitro (mixed lymphocyte reaction) as well as in vivo (graft-versus-host reaction). In addition, evidence for a prolactin/growth hormone-related mRNA species produced in mitogen- and antigen-stimulated lymphocytes has been obtained. Prolactin was shown to compete in a dose-dependent fashion with the immunosuppressant cyclosporine (cyclosporin A) for a common binding site on the surface of T lymphocytes. Further, stimulation of prolactin secretion reversed the immunosuppression induced by cyclosporine. We conclude that prolactin is involved in the maintenance of T-cell immunocompetence and that the immunosuppressive effects of cyclosporine may be mediated by the displacement of prolactin from binding sites on lymphocytes.

246 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Dopamine was infused at a rate which achieved arterial levels of 9–10 ng/ml and the effect on PRL secretion in urethane-anesthetized female rats was measured, and in diestrus rats, dopamine did not inhibitPRL secretion.
Abstract: Much evidence indicates that dopamine can inhibit PRL secretion However, it is still unclear whether dopamine acts on hypothalamic neurons to stimulate PRL-inhibiting factor (PIF) release or whether dopamine is itself PIF, acting directly on the pituitary This study was designed to determine if PRL secretion is inhibited by dopamine infusions producing plasma dopamine levels which mimic those found in hypophysial stalk plasma Stalk plasma dopamine concentration in urethane-anesthetized diestrus-1 rats was 60 ± 11 ng/ml (mean ± SE; n = 10) During a dopamine infusion, stalk plasma dopamine levels were 70% of arterial levels Therefore, dopamine was infused at a rate which achieved arterial levels of 9–10 ng/ml and the effect on PRL secretion in urethane-anesthetized female rats was measured In diestrus rats, dopamine did not inhibit PRL secretion In rats pretreated with α-methyl-p-tyrosine to elevate serum PRL levels, dopamine suppressed PRL secretion 70% In rats with PRL levels elevated by median

246 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023360
2022585
2021202
2020221
2019180
2018172