Topic
Prolactin
About: Prolactin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 22356 publications have been published within this topic receiving 609537 citations. The topic is also known as: lactotropin, & PRL,.
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TL;DR: Serum levels in serum LH, FSH, TSH and prolactin in response to LHRH + TRH injection in acutely or chronically starved rats were equal to or greater than in the ad libitum fed controls, indicating that severe reductions in food intake result in decreased release of at least 5 anterior pituitary hormones.
Abstract: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats averaging 300 g each were subjected to complete food removal for 7 days (acutely starved), 7 days complete food removal followed by 2 weeks of ¼ ad libitum food intake (chronically starved), 7 days complete food removal and 2 weeks of ¼ ad libitum intake followed by ad libitum feeding for 7 days (refed), or fed ad libitum throughout (controls). Serum LH, FSH, TSH, PRL, and GH levels were measured by radioimmunoassays for each group of rats. The in vivo response to the combination of synthetic LHRH and TRH also was tested in each group. Circulating LH, TSH, GH, and PRL were significantly depressed in acutely and chronically starved rats, and FSH was lowered only in acutely starved rats. After 7 days of refeeding, serum levels of LH and FSH were significantly greater than in ad libitum fed controls, PRL returned to control levels, and TSH and GH increased but were still below control levels. After LHRH + TRH injection serum LH and TSH were increased significantly in all groups...
220 citations
TL;DR: A rapid and sensitive solid phase radioimmunoassay for EGF has been developed in which rabbit antibody to EGF was adsorbed onto the walls of nylon vessels.
Abstract: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a biologically active polypeptide extracted from male mouse submaxillary glands. It exists either alone or complexed with an arginine esterase. It causes generalized epidermal growth and keratinization in the immature mouse and results in precocious tooth eruption and eye-opening that are the basis for an EGF bioassay. EGF is also active in a variety of epithelial tissues from several other species. A rapid and sensitive solid phase radioimmunoassay for EGF has been developed in which rabbit antibody to EGF was adsorbed onto the walls of nylon vessels. After 24 hr of incubation, 125I-labeled EGF was displaced by as little as 30 pg of unlabeled EGF. There was no cross-reaction with the arginine esterase; mouse nerve growth factor; rat growth hormone or prolactin; human growth hormone, ACTH, FSH, LH or TSH; beef or pork insulin; or angiotensin I. Immunoreactive EGF concentrations in submaxillary glands of immature, 15-dayold male mice were very low (0.016 ng/mg of wet tissue...
220 citations
TL;DR: Serum LH, FSH, prolactin and progesterone were determined in male and female prepuberal rats and all hormones were increased during the peripuberal period with cyclic fl...
Abstract: Serum LH, FSH, prolactin and progesterone were determined in male and female prepuberal rats. Neonates of both sexes had high LH and FSH levels, the values in the females being higher than those in the males. Serum prolactin and progesterone were low in neonatal rats. A curious LH secretion pattern occurred in female rats between days 10 and 20; high LH levels were observed in 10–15‰ of the rats during this time, whereas the male rats showed only minor fluctuations. At the same time serum FSH was elevated in both sexes. Again, the values in the females were higher than in the males. Serum prolactin was still low, whereas progesterone rose slightly in both sexes. Serum LH and FSH remained low between days 21 and the immediate peripuberal period (i.e., days 37–45) in males and females, and serum prolactin rose steadily during this period. Progesterone also increased following the prolactin pattern. All hormones (LH, FSH, prolactin and progesterone) were increased during the peripuberal period with cyclic fl...
220 citations
TL;DR: Pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone is normal in such women, however, and a normal pattern of gonadotropic hormone pulsatile secretion is restored with small, repetitive doses of the hormone, which support the concept that hyperprolactinemia is a cause of infertility.
Abstract: HYPERPROLACTINEMIA has been found to be the cause of infertility in about one third of women presenting with this problem1 2 3 Hyperprolactinemia may impair the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis at several levels, with the primary site of inhibition probably at the hypothalamic level4 , 5 Studies of gonadotropin secretion in hyperprolactinemic subjects sometimes show decreased pulsatile secretion,6 , 7 which reverts to normal in most women when hyperprolactinemia is corrected by bromocriptine treatment6 , 7 Pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone is normal in such women, however, and a normal pattern of gonadotropin pulsatile secretion is restored with small, repetitive doses of the hormone7 Such data support the concept that
219 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that the pituitary gland has the potential to regulate humoral immune responses and could be restored by syngeneic pituitaries when placed under the kidney capsule or by prolactin treatment.
Abstract: Hypophysectomized female Fischer 344 and Wistar-Furth rats had severely impaired primary and secondary antibody responses to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Mercaptoethanol-sensitive (IgM) and mercaptoethanol-resistant (IgG) antibodies were similarly affected. Titers to E. Coli 055:B5 lipopolysaccharide were also significantly decreased in such animals. The antibody response of hypophysectomized rats could be restored by syngeneic pituitary grafts when placed under the kidney capsule or by prolactin treatment. Growth hormone was less effective in this respect than prolactin. Treatment of normal rats with ACTH suppressed their antibody formation to SRBC. These results indicate that the pituitary gland has the potential to regulate humoral immune responses.
219 citations