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Prolactin

About: Prolactin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 22356 publications have been published within this topic receiving 609537 citations. The topic is also known as: lactotropin, & PRL,.


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TL;DR: MDMA-induced corticosterone secretion and hyperthermia were blocked by the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) antagonists, ketanserin and mianserin, which have a high affinity for 5-HT2 binding sites.
Abstract: The racemic mixture of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), which has been reported to produce selective destruction of serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system, was studied to determine its neuroendocrine and temperature effects and mechanism of action. MDMA elevated serum concentrations of corticosterone in doses ranging from 3 to 20 mg/kg administered i.p. Serum corticosterone concentrations were elevated 30 min after the administration of MDMA (10 mg/kg i.p.) and remained elevated 4 hr later. Serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations were elevated by administration of MDMA in doses ranging from 1 to 20 mg/kg i.p., and were maximal 60 min after the injection of 10 mg/kg i.p., declining rapidly over the next 4 hr. MDMA also significantly elevated the body temperature of rats maintained at ambient (23 degrees C) temperature. MDMA-induced corticosterone secretion and hyperthermia were blocked by the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) antagonists, ketanserin and mianserin, which have a high affinity for 5-HT2 binding sites. Conversely, neither (-)-pindolol, a beta antagonist that also blocks 5-HT1A-mediated responses, nor the nonspecific 5-HT antagonists, cyproheptadine and metergoline, had an effect on MDMA-induced corticosterone secretion. None of the 5-HT antagonists blocked MDMA-induced PRL secretion. Pretreatment with fluoxetine (10 mg/kg i.p.) 16 hr before MDMA administration significantly blunted the effect of MDMA on corticosterone but not PRL secretion. Pretreatment with p-chlorophenylalanine (150 mg/kg i.p.) for 3 days depleted cortical and hypothalamic 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid by approximately 80% and significantly attenuated MDMA-induced corticosterone and PRL secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

191 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 May 1977-Science
TL;DR: Evidence was obtained that a protein immunochemically related to prolactin was stored in networks of nerve terminals of many hypothalamic areas such as the arcuate nucleus, the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, and periventricular regions of the hypothalamus and preoptic area.
Abstract: Antibodies to rat prolactin were used in immunohistochemical studies of the hypothalamus and preoptic area of the rat. Evidence was obtained that a protein immunochemically related to prolactin was stored in networks of nerve terminals of many hypothalamic areas such as the arcuate nucleus, the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, and periventricular regions of the hypothalamus and preoptic area. The neuronal storage of a prolactin-like protein in the hypothalamus was unaffected by hypophysectomy.

191 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In patients with galactorrhea and elevated serum prolactin values the ergot alkaloid effectively lowers serum Prolactin concentrations leading to a cessation of the galactor rhea.
Abstract: A single dose of 2 Bro-α-ergocryptine (CB-154) lowers serum prolactin for at least 12 hrs. in normal subjects. CB-154 in the immediate postpartum period causes a marked suppression of the elevated serum prolactin levels and completely inhibits puerperal lactation and breast engorgement. In patients with galactorrhea and elevated serum prolactin values the ergot alkaloid effectively lowers serum prolactin concentrations leading to a cessation of the galactorrhea.

190 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In view of the inhibitory effect of dopamine onPRL-secretion, a PRL-induced increase in the release of dopamine from tuberoinfundibular neurons into hypophysial portal blood may be one mechanism by which PRL regulates its own secretion.
Abstract: The effects of PRL or haloperidol on the release of dopamine from tuberoinfundibular neurons were assessed by measuring the concentrations of dopamine in hypophysial portal plasma. The mean concentration of dopamine in portal plasma of male rats which had received an intracerebroventricular injection of PRL or a sc injection of haloperidol on the day before the collection of pituitary stalk blood was approximately 5 times that in stalk plasma of vehicle-treated control rats. The haloperidol- induced increase in the concentration of dopamine in pituitary stalk plasma appeared to be PRL mediated, since this effect of haloperidol was significantly attenuated in rats which had been pretreated with antiserum to PRL. These observations are consistent with the view that the mechanisms involved in the release of dopamine from tuberoinfundibular neurons are regulated, in part, by PRL. Moreover, in view of the inhibitory effect of dopamine on PRL secretion, a PRL-induced increase in the release of dopamine from tub...

190 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that a protein with homology to PRL and recognized by these anti‐PRL antibodies is produced by lymphocytes and plays a critical role in their progression through the cell cycle.
Abstract: Recent in vivo studies have shown that treatments that decrease circulating prolactin (PRL) in rodents result in significant immunosuppression. Our attempts to demonstrate corresponding direct stimulatory effects of PRL on cultured lymphocytes were unsuccessful. However, antibodies against pituitary PRL potently inhibited both murine and human lymphocyte proliferation in response to both T and B cell mitogens. Further studies using IL 2 and IL 4 responsive cell lines (CTLL-2 and HT-2) demonstrated that the same anti-PRL antibodies inhibited the proliferative response to these cytokine growth factors. Thus, antibodies to PRL appear to block an event occurring in the G1 to GS phase transition of these cell lines, which constitutively express growth factor receptors. The inhibitory activity of anti-PRL antibodies could be adsorbed by addition of purified human PRL or by immobilized PRL on an affinity column. Antibodies to other pituitary hormones were without inhibitory effect on CTLL-2 cell proliferation. P...

189 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023360
2022585
2021202
2020221
2019180
2018172